• Title/Summary/Keyword: Sign pattern

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Pattern Recognition Using 2D Laser Scanner Shaking (2D 레이저 스캐너 흔듦을 이용한 패턴인식)

  • Kwon, Seongkyung;Jo, Haejoon;Yoon, Jinyoung;Lee, Hoseung;Lee, Jaechun;Kwak, Sungwoo;Choi, Haewoon
    • Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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    • v.22 no.4
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    • pp.138-144
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    • 2014
  • Now, Autonomous unmanned vehicle has become an issue in next generation technology. 2D Laser scanner as the distance measurement sensor is used. 2D Laser scanner detects the distance of 80m, measured angle is -5 to 185 degree. Laser scanner detects only the plane, but using motor swings. As a result, traffic signs detect and analyze patterns. Traffic signs when driving at low speed, shape of the detected pattern is very similar. By shaking the laser scanner, traffic signs and other obstacles became clear distinction.

A study on the upper garment of Korean women, Jugori (여자 저고리 소고)

  • 이경자
    • Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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    • v.8 no.1
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    • pp.62-86
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    • 1970
  • A study on the upper garment of Korean women, JUORI The upper garment of Korean women. JUGORI, is an inherited mode from the ancient clothing style in the various aspects based on the particulars of Korean clothes. The ancient style of clothes is originated from KWAMDUI belonging to inhabitants of Northern Territory of Korea. And it is quite different from Chinese clothes in lineage. However, this unicque mode of clothes has been much influnced by the Chinese culture and also by the climate of Korea. And it is quite different from Chinese clothes in lineage. However, this unicque mode of clothes has been much influnced by the Chinese culture and also by the climate of Korean penynsula. The changes of the pattern of JUGORI, in a word, is a sign of shortening tendency of size. This tendency of JUGORI is remarkably seen in the shortening of length and other parts are decreased in size. The JUGORI in the ancient age was fallen below the weist of woman, which is similar to Robe, and was worn with band. However, the length of the JUGORI has been gradually shortened, and therefore, GORUM took place of the band. The shortening tendency of JUGORI is seemed to be shown its sign in the initial time of its origin, because there are some evidences that the women in Sylla Dynasty, and this tendency has been much expedited during the period of Koryu Dynasty with influences of Monggorian culture (Won Lynasty of China) The oldest sample for data of JUGORI in nowaday is one the remains of Yi Dynasty, and this sample for data provides all the particulars of the modern pattern of JUGORI. The tendency of JUGORI had been continued even in Yi Dynasty, and at the end of the Dynasty, the clothes was shortened that the women felt inconvenient wearing it in the status of the shortened JUGORI which was even hardly cover the initial time of epoch of modernization induced from the Western civilization, and after 1920s and 1930s JUGORI become a larger tendency. This is a sing of revival of practical use and rationalization of JUGORI become a shortening tendency again, and the size is similar with that of early age of Yi Dynasty. Instead of these similarities, the particulars of modern JUGORI is weighing on much emphasis on curve beauty and expression of experior beauty. The reason is that, together with westernization of clothes, JUGORI became a special pattern of clothes as a traditional Korean women wears. The very thing explaining this pattern of JUGORI is the "ARIRANG DRESS". And there are some fashion using button instead of GORUM and half sleeve JUGORI for summer use which is regarded as a part of improved aspect of life in Korea. in Korea.

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Characteristics of Sign Distribution in Underground Space (지하공간에 있어서 사인류의 분포특성)

  • Choi Ji-Sook;Yoo Hyun-Bae
    • Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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    • v.10 no.7
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    • pp.1180-1187
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    • 2006
  • We Studied the method of structuring the sign system for pedestrians in the underground space by investigating and analyzing the sign system at Tae-jon Underground Commercial Area in Korea by 1) classifying the signs by types and comparing their numder for each type in sections, 2) classiflying the signs by the points of installation, types, functions and contents of information and comparing their numbers, 3) classifying the signs by their height and comparing by the points of installation, and 4) classifying the signs by their points of installation finding patterns. As a result, we found out that the current pedestrian signs in Tae-jon Underground Commercial Area could by classified into those installted with a certain regularity and those concentrated in at certain points. We also found out that there were many problems with the current signs system. The big gap of the type and numble of the signs, concentration of the signs at the gate (entrance), and the big gap of the function of the signs by their points of installation. And the gap of the signs by the number of installation is big between the North side and the South side. Most of signs concentrated in the South side show the problems of installation attached by the types and quantity of information. We suggest that type of information has consistency by posting of signs, at the same time, the necessary information should be offered in order for the pedestrians to easily recognize as they more in the Underground space.

The Clinical Usefulness of Electroencephalography : Comparison of Findings Electroencephalography with Findings of Brain Computed Tomography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (뇌파의 임상적 유용성 : 뇌파소견과 뇌전산화 단층촬영 검사 및 뇌자기공명 영상검사 소견을 비교하여)

  • Kang, Dong-Woo;Lee, Young-Ho;Choi, Young-Hee;Chung, Young-Cho
    • Sleep Medicine and Psychophysiology
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    • v.3 no.2
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    • pp.1-17
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    • 1996
  • To demonstrate the clinical usefulness of electroencephalography (EEG) and factors increasing the usefulness of EEG, the authors evaluated each relationship between EEG related factors and clinical variables, and neuroimaging studies (CT and MRI)-related factors, and factors which are related with routine neurological examination for 207 patients who had been evaluated with both of EEG and neuroimaging study(CT or/and MRI). The results were as follows: 1) Abnormality of EEG findings had significant relationships with chief complaints, diagnosis, medication use, seizure attack, pathological reflex, and level of consciousness. However there were no significant correlations between abnormality of EEG findings and neuroimaging studies (CT and MRI)- related factors. 2) Laterality of EEG findings had significant relationships with abnormality, laterality, and focality of CT findings, and also with abnormality of MRI findings. But there were no significant correlations between laterality of EEG findings and clinical variables, and neurological examination-related factors. 3) Anterior-posterior distribution of EEG findings was significantly related with medication use. 4) Focality of EEG findings had significant relationships with sex, sensory dysfunction sign, and cerebellar dysfunction sign. But there were no significant correlations between focality of EEG findings and neuroimaging studies(CT and MRI) related factors. 5) Abnormal EEG pattern had significant correlations with various factors, such as age, chief complaints, duration from onset of symptom to taking MRI, seizure attack, abnormality and nature of lesion in CT findings, cortical atrophy in MRI findings, motor dysfunction sign, sensory dysfunction sign, and pathological reflex. 6) With abnormality on sleep activation, age, age of onset, seizure attack, ventricular enlargement in CT findings, and abnormality of MRI findings were significantly correlated. 7) With abnormality on hyperventilation activation, duration of illness and laterality of MRI findings were significantly correlated. Above results may suggest that abnormality of EEG findings is more closely related with functional change of the brain than structural changes of the brain and laterality of EEG findings is vice versa. And also that medication use has an influence on anterior versus posterior distribution of EEG findings and focality of EEG findings is not related with structural changes of the brain. Activation with sleep may be effective to show age differences and provocation of seizure activity and hyperventilation may be effective to detect the abnormal EEG findings by cerebrovascular insufficiency.

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A Study of the Personal Ornaments and Make-up of Maroccan (모로코인(人)의 장신구(裝身具)와 화장(化粧)에 관(關)한 연구(硏究))

  • Lee, Soon-Hong
    • Journal of Fashion Business
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    • v.5 no.2
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    • pp.15-34
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    • 2001
  • Ornaments are accessories for the decoration of the body or dress. They aren't unavoidably required one, but serve to make one's dress perfect as decorative industrial art objects. In Morocco, ornaments were initially used as a sign of social position or the class or an incantatory symbol. In effect, they were originally employed to adjust one's dress, not just for decoration, and they were of use for household economy. Gold, silver and handcraft available for exchange were a means of increasing one's property and an indication of social standing and wealth. In particular, the dress and jewelry of a bride was a measure of her family's wealth, regarded as a symbol of her chastity and value. The ornaments symbolically back up people's faith in supernatural power, and their real value is based on implicit form or way of decoration, not the external shape. Specifically, there is a tendency to use the form of animal as a protector, not one to frighten people. In the artistic tradition of Morocco, fish pattern stands for water and rain, and eagle and bird are considered to be related to fate. Scorpion and lizard are depicted as an inquirer of sun, and snake is a symbol of abundance and sexual instinct, being viewed to have an ability to cure disease. Turtle pattern is a symbol of saint because it protects one from the evil. The ornaments are made of gold, silver, amber, clam, garnet, glass, nielle, enamel, glaze, coral or tree, and symbolic patterns are used, including hand(a symbol of five numerals), turtle, lizard, scorpion, eye, triangle, bird and eggs. They are very big and diverse, being categorized into ornaments for the head or the chest, neckless, fibula, earring, bracelet and ring. For Moroccans, make-up is a sort of instinctive behavior to meet aesthetic and sexual desire. They also wear make-up for practical purpose of protection, intentionally inflict a wound on the skin for ceremonial or religious purpose, paint the skin with pigment, or have the part of the body tattooed for incantatory purpose. All this actions are regarded as make-up. The raw material of cosmetics is aker, a vegetable dye. They get the lips or cheeks turn red and paint eyebrows with yellow saffran powder to have a bad devil lose its strength. Tattooing is mainly done by women and viewed as a sign of their value or social organization they belong to. Sometimes that is used to represent a woman's being old enough to marry or getting married already or the frequency of marriage. Besides, tattoo is believed to prevent or remedy loose bowels or cough, depending on its location or pattern, and they often change tattoo according to the change of beauty art.

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Anomaly Detection Model based on Network using the Session Patterns (세션 패턴을 이용한 네트워크기반의 비정상 탐지 모델)

  • Park Soo-Jin;Choi Yong-Rak
    • The KIPS Transactions:PartC
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    • v.11C no.6 s.95
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    • pp.719-724
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    • 2004
  • Recently, since the number of internet users is increasing rapidly and, by using the public hacking tools, general network users can intrude computer systems easily, the hacking problem is getting more serious. In order to prevent the intrusion, it is needed to detect the sign in advance of intrusion in a positive prevention by detecting the various foms of hackers' intrusion trials to know the vulnerability of systems. The existing network-based anomaly detection algorithms that cope with port- scanning and the network vulnerability scans have some weakness in intrusion detection. they can not detect slow scans and coordinated scans. therefore, the new concept of algorithm is needed to detect effectively the various forms of abnormal accesses for intrusion regardless of the intrusion methods. In this paper, SPAD(Session Pattern Anomaly Detector) is presented, which detects the abnormal service patterns by comparing them with the ordinary normal service patterns.

A Study on the Tartan and Scotland Costume (TARTAN과 스코틀랜드 복식에 관한연구)

  • 임영자
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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    • v.35
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    • pp.281-292
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    • 1997
  • Tatan is a symbol of kinship and belonging in Scotland and a badge of identity recognized all over the world. Alongside the powerful historical and national resonance to Tartan for Scots it has been borrowed repeatedly by fashion. The pattern compositionof Tartan check is formed as a typical cross stripes that vertical line and hrizontal line meets rectangulary. And its color is much various and rich than other check pattern. So its magnificient spec-tacle that various all kinds of colors is dyed in cloth is second to name. Today we are as likely to meet tartan in a couturier dress as in a kilt or plaid. Tartan is distinctive in colour style and de-sign. It conveys personality ceremony and drama. All these aspects of its character have contributed to tartan being one of the best-known and best-loved fabrics in the world. In other parts of Europe traditional checked patterns declined and disappeared but in Scotland tartan survived strongly jist as the bagpipes also European flourished Due to geographical and cultural circumstances Scots were able to develop and enhance tartan and its remarkable individuality ensured its sur-vival in spite of adverse political and economic pressures. Tartan has been adopted as the national dress of all Scots. Lowland and High-land providing a powerful form of national cultural and personal identity. Whether tra-ditional or a recent creation whether tra-ditional or a recent creation whether a symbol of nationality or a substitute for nationhood tartan is no mean achievement.

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A Study on the Methodology for Fashion Design through the Source of Inspiration and its Application (의상디자인 발상 및 전개 방법에 대한 연구)

  • 금기숙
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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    • v.29
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    • pp.53-70
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    • 1996
  • The inspiration and its application in fashion design is considered as one of the important factors in boosting the fashion arena. Many inspirations are adapted in fashion de-sign and they make the fashion design unique and characteristic. In this study many fashion designs are analyzed to find what kind of inspirations were adapted and utilized for the fashion design in reality. The nature historic costumes ethcin costumes arts sciences literature music sports were revealed as the sources of fashion inspiration.l The concerns on the environments movies and dramas could provide inspirations in fashion as well. Several contents or steps were studied to provide the one of the example of appli-cations as follows: 1. The works of Marc Chagall were analized to figure out and several plastic characteristics from his works were revealed such as fantastic strong colors unreal animal pattern or their details his wife and friends various divisions of the surface and so on. These attributes had been favored in depiction of his works to ex-press his home town or nostalgia. 2. '90s fashion designs inspired by the works of Chagall were analized to find out the meth-odology or the process of designs. The same Chagall colors were used in design and similar pattern were expressed through beaded work or printing jobs. The surface designs such as printing were the most prefered method in adapting the inspirations. 3. The plastic characteristics of the work of Chagall were attempted in clothing design and construction. The color combination patterns which remind the animals the surface divisions were used in design ot practive the methodologies.

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Common ECG pattern and underwriting risk assessment (언더라이팅시 흔하게 접하는 심전도 소견과 위험 평가)

  • Choi, So-Young
    • The Journal of the Korean life insurance medical association
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    • v.26
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    • pp.21-30
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    • 2007
  • ECG is included in certain medical examinations of insurance application, ECG has low specificity and sensitivity. So ECG is not usually used to diagnose specific diseases. But, ECG is not invasive and costs low. So ECG is usually used in underwriting. Actually in underwriting we meet various ECG patterns and diagnosises. Understanding of various ECG patterns is different between insurance medicine and clinical medicine. So We have to learn various ECG patterns and effects on mortality and morbidity. First considerations of ECG readings are age, sex, blood pressure, family history, smoking historyalcohol history and hyperlipidemia. These are predictors for possibility of disease. Also it is important to review recording ECG with proper skill. In this review I consider several ECG diagnosises that we meet frequently, which is, LVH, RVH, ST abnormalities, LBBS, RBBB, A-B blocks, several kinds of arrhythmia. We have to consider long term mortalities and morbidities of specific ECG patterns although applicants have no symptom and sign. And then we have to make underwriting manual according to specific ECG diagnosises and patterns and underwrite precisely ECG patterns according to insurance products. Nowadays coronary heart disease and other heart diseases are increasing in Korea. So we have to learn various ECG patterns and research mortalities and morbidities of abnormal ECG patterns. Also we have to apply to more broad, precise underwriting skills about ECG patterns and diagnosises.

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Validity of Nursing Diagnoses Related to Difficulty in Respiratory Function (호흡기능장애와 관련된 간호진단의 타당도 조사)

  • 김조자;이원희;유지수;허혜경;김창희;홍성경
    • Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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    • v.23 no.4
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    • pp.569-584
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    • 1993
  • This study was done to verify validity of nursing diagnoses related to difficulty in respiratory function. First, content validity was examined by an expert group considering the etiology and the signs / symptoms of three nursing diagnoses - ineffective airway clearance, ineffective breathing pattern, impaired gas exchange. Second, clinical validity was examined by comparing the frequencies of the etiologies and signs / symptoms of the three nursing diagnoses in clinical case studies with the results of the content validity. This study was a descriptive study. The sample consisted of 23 experts (professors, head nurses and clinical instructors) who had had a variety of experiences using nursing diagnoses in clinical practice, and 102 case reports done by senior student nurses of the college of nursing of Y-university. These reports were part of their clinical practice in the ICU. The instrument used for this study was a checklist for etiologies and signs and symptoms based on the literature, Doenges and Moorhouse (1988), Kim, McFarland, McLane (1991), Lee Won Hee et al. (1987), Kim Cho Ja et at. (1988). The data was collected over four month period from May 1992 to Aug. 1992. Data were analyzed using frequencies done with the SPSS / PC+ package. The results of this study are summarized as follows : 1. General Characteristics of the Expert Group A bachelor degree was held by 43.5% and a master or doctoral degree by 56.5% of the expert group. The average age of the expert group was 35.3 years. Their average clinical experience was 9.3 years and their average experience in clinical practice was 5.9 years. The general characteristics of the patients showed that there were more women than men, that the age range was from 1 to over 80. Most of their medical diagnoses were diagnoses related to the respiratory. system, circulation or neurologic system, and 50% or more of them had a ventilator with intubation or a tracheostomy. The number of cases for each nursing diagnoses was : · Ineffective airway clearance, 92 cases. · Ineffective breathing pattern, 18 cases. · Impaired gas exchange, 22 cases. 2. The opinion of the expert group as to the classification of the etiology, and signs and symptoms of the three nursing diagnoses was as follows : · In 31.8% of the cases the classification of etiology was clear. · In 22.7%, the classification of signs and symptoms was clear. · In 17.4%, the classification of nursing interventions was clear. 3. In the expert group 80% or mere agreed to ‘dysp-nea’as a common sign and symptom of the three nursing diagnoses. The distinguishing signs and symptoms of (Ineffective airway clearance) were ‘sputum’, ‘cough’, ‘abnormal respiratory sounds : rales’. The distinguishing sings and symptoms of (Ineffective breathing pattern) were ‘tachypnea’, ‘use of accessory muscle of respiration’, ‘orthopnea’ and for (Impaired gas exchange) it was ‘abnormal arterial blood gas’, 4. The distribution of etiology, and signs and symptoms of the three nursing diagnoses was as follows : · There was a high frequency of ‘increased secretion from the bronchus and trachea’ in both the expert group and the case reports as the etiology of ineffective airway clearance. · For the etiologies for ineffective breathing pat-tern, ‘rain’, ‘anxiety’, ‘fear’, ‘obstructions of the tract, ca and bronchus’ had a high ratio in the ex-pert group and ‘decreased expansion of lung’ in the case reports. · For the etiologies for impaired gas exchanges, ‘altered oxygen -carrying capacity of the blood’ and ‘excess accumulation of interstitial fluid in lung’ had a high ratio in the expert group and ‘altered oxygen supply’ in the case reports. · For signs and symptoms for ineffective airway clearance, ‘dyspnea’, ‘altered amount and character of sputum’ were included by 100% of the expert group. ‘Abnormal respiratory. sound(rate, rhonchi)’ were included by a high ratio of the expert group. · For the signs and symptoms for ineffective breathing pattern. ‘dyspnea’, ‘shortness of breath’ were included by 100% of the expert group. In the case reports, ‘dyspnea’ and ‘tachypnea’ were reported as signs and symptoms. · For the sign and symptoms for impaired gas exchange, ‘hypoxia’ and ‘cyanosis’ had a high ratio in the expert group. In the case report, ‘hypercapnia’, ‘hypoxia’ and ‘inability to remove secretions’ were reported as signs and symptoms. In summary, the similarity of the etiologies and signs and symptoms of the three nursing diagnoses related to difficulty in respiratory function makes it difficult to distinguish among them But the clinical validity of three nursing diagnoses was established through this study, and at last one sign and symp-tom was defined for each diagnosis.

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