• The Transactions of the Korea Information Processing Society
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.756-765
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• 2000

In this paper, a korean text to sign language translation system is designed and implemented for the hearing impaired people to learn letters and to have a conversation with normal people. We adopt the direct method for machine translation which uses morphological analysis and the dictionary search. And we define the necessary sign language dictionaries. Based on this processes, the system translate korean sentences to sign language moving picture. The proposed dictionaries are composed of the basic sign language dictionary, the compound sing language dictionary, and the resemble sign language dictionary. The basic sign language dictionary includes basic symbols and moving pictures of korean sign language. The compound sing language dictionary is composed of key-words of basic sign language. In addition, we offered the similar letters at the resemble sign language dictionary. The moving pictures of searched sign symbols are displayed on a screen in GIF formats by continuous motion of sign symbols or represented by the finger spelling based on the korean code analysis. The proposed system can provide quick sign language search and complement the lack of sign languages in the translation process by using the various sign language dictionaries which are characterized as korean sign language. In addition, to represent the sign language using GIF makes it possible to save the storage space of the sign language. In addition, to represent the sign language using GIF makes it possible to save storage space of the sign language dictionary.

• 한국방재학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2008.02a
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• pp.485-488
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• 2008

The structure supporting road sign is a road information facility for ensuring the safe transportation and smooth traffic. But, lots of road information facilities were damaged by the typhoon "Maemi" in 2003. Such damaged facilities should be rehabilitated and could increase economic loss by causing traffic accident. Therefore, in this study, behavior that reduce wind load and improve wind resistance of the structure supporting road sign are studied about wind load beyond design specification by abnormal climate as below. The first is wind load reducing technique such that shear key resist wind load that is not greater than design wind speed but in case that it is over the design wind limit, column member is rotated on the inner steel pipe axis by the brittle failure of shear key. The second is the technique such that fail-safe the overturning of road sign panel by equipment installation in the vertical member. The third is the technique of installing stiffening plate inside the vertical member to relieve stress concentration.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.107-112
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• 2019

Most of the sign systems involved in evacuation are not useful in seismic situations where people have to evacuate with their heads bowed, given that they are at the top of the wall. Based on the analysis and understanding of seismic evacuation situations, this study proposes a sign system as a measure for rapid seismic evacuation. First, understand the seismic situation based on the video analysis of the earthquake evacuation situation. Second, the need for a sign system to help secure evacuation in earthquake situations was derived. Third, the on-site survey examined the suitability of the Sine system installed in Korea as an escape facility for the earthquake evacuation situation. Based on the video analysis and on-site survey, it was concluded that the installation of escape guidance lamps alone could not induce rapid evacuation in the earthquake situation. In this study, a sign system is proposed to help the use of doors by installing a sign system near an emergency exit light.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.631-653
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• 2020

Sign language is a natural, visually oriented and non-verbal communication channel between people that facilitates communication through facial/bodily expressions, postures and a set of gestures. It is basically used for communication with people who are deaf or hard of hearing. In order to understand such communication quickly and accurately, the design of a successful sign language translation system is considered in this paper. The proposed system includes object detection and classification stages. Firstly, Single Shot Multi Box Detection (SSD) architecture is utilized for hand detection, then a deep learning structure based on the Inception v3 plus Support Vector Machine (SVM) that combines feature extraction and classification stages is proposed to constructively translate the detected hand gestures. A sign language fingerspelling dataset is used for the design of the proposed model. The obtained results and comparative analysis demonstrate the efficiency of using the proposed hybrid structure in sign language translation.

• Wind and Structures
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• v.8 no.5
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• pp.343-356
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• 2005

Overhead sign support structures number in the tens of thousands throughout the trunk-line roadways in the United States. A recent two-phase study sponsored by the National Cooperative Highway Research Program resulted in the most significant changes to the AASHTO design specifications for sign support structures to date. The driving factor for these substantial changes was fatigue related cracks and some recent failures. This paper presents the method and results of a subsequent study sponsored by the Michigan Department of Transportation (MDOT) to develop a relative performance-based procedure to rank overhead sign support structures around the United States based on a linear combination of their expected fatigue life and an approximate measure of cost. This was accomplished by coupling a random vibrations approach with six degree-of-freedom linear dynamic models for fatigue life estimation. Approximate cost was modeled as the product of the steel weight and a constructability factor. An objective function was developed and used to rank selected steel sign support structures from around the country with the goal of maximizing the objective function. Although a purely relative approach, the ranking procedure was found to be efficient and provided the decision support necessary to MDOT.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2011.10a
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• pp.415-418
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• 2011

This paper describes a circuit-level optimization of DFU(decoding function unit) for LDPC decoder which is used in wireless communication systems such as WiMAX and WLAN. The conventional DFU which is based on min-sum decoding algorithm needs conversions between two's complement values and sign-magnitude values, resulting in complex hardware. In this paper, a new design of DFU that is based on sign-magnitude arithmetic is proposed to achieve a simplified circuit and high-speed operation.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 1998.07g
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• pp.2442-2444
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• 1998

This paper presents a method for designing a multiresolution orthogonal wavelet transform matrix and it is extended to the establishment of the wavelet transform domain sign algorithms(SA). It outperforms the conventional sign algorithm, with performance comparable to the LMS algorithm. Together with Daubechies type 1 wavelet, we could also save additional computations which are required in transforming data.

• Proceedings of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute Conference
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• 2011.04a
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• pp.324-327
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• 2011

The design requirement for ground mounted sign structures are fairly well defined in the AASHTO Standard Specifications for Structural Supports for Highway Signs, Luminaries, and Traffic Signals and consists of applying an equivalent pseudo-dynamic loading to account for the dynamic effects of wind loads and ignores the dynamic effect due to moving vehicle loads. This design approach, however, should not be applied to the design of bridge mounted sign structures because ignoring the dynamic effects of the moving vehicle loads may produce non-conservative results, since the stiffness of the bridge structure can greatly influence the behavior. Not enough information is available in the literatures which provide guide lines to include the influence of moving vehicles in the design of the bridge mounted sign structures. This paper describes a theoretical methodology, Bridge-Vehicle Interaction Element, which can be utilized to account for the dynamic effect of moving vehicles. A case study is also included where this methodology was successfully applied. It was concluded that the bridge-vehicle interaction finite element developed can provide a more accurate representation of the behavior of bridge mounted sign structures. The result of these analysis enabled development of simple and effective retrofitting scheme for the existing support system of bridge-mounted-structure.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 1991.10b
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• pp.1533-1538
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• 1991

A parameter space approach for robust control system design is developed by reducing several design specifications to sign definite conditions. It is shown that the gain and phase margin constraints for the parametric perturbed plant hold if and only if the four Kharitonov systems satisfy the margins. On pole location, it is shown that D-stability of convex combinations (1-t)p(s)+tq(s) can be determined by the coefficients corresponding to p(s) and q(s) based on the sign definite condition. We show a method of PI-type robust control system design as a useful example.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.183-190
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to analyze social, economic and cultural phenomena of the luxury brand in the viewpoint that the consumption system of the modern society stood for the sign consumption and the industrial production of difference as Baudrillard mentioned in the Consumer Society. The result was divided into the two subjects popularization and differentiation of luxury brand. Firstly the meaning of luxury brand was that the personal effects of consumption of king or aristocratic class who did not exist in the modern and were made into the selection and consumption-possible things of exchange value. The popularization of this sign was accelerated through TV drama. Secondly as differentiation strategy of luxury brand, was made by giving meaning to the life style concept of the upper class with advertisement and design, and also the logo of design was used as sign differentiated from people. Also the reason why the producer of the luxury brand gave meaning to such life style was that the awareness of the brand which people have consistently makes them consume more products. The consumption system of the modern society stood for the sign consumption, difference sign mark value which was the desire on a social meaning basis, not the consumption of things as used value. And the consumer could express his personality by selecting and consuming the product of luxury brand model made with this sign. Accordingly the distribution, purchase, sales and acquisition of the things with this difference sign were our verbal activity and linguistic code today, and it was the essential feature of the society, culture and economy of the consumer society.