• Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.313-316
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• 2017

Mask ventilation, the first step in airway management, is a rescue technique when endotracheal intubation fails. Therefore, ordinary airway management for the induction of general anesthesia cannot be conducted in the situation of difficult mask ventilation (DMV). Here, we report a case of awake intubation in a patient with a huge orocutaneous fistula. A 58-year-old woman was scheduled to undergo a wide excision, reconstruction with a reconstruction plate, and supraomohyoid neck dissection on the left side and an anterolateral thigh flap due to a huge orocutaneous fistula that occurred after a previous mandibulectomy and flap surgery. During induction, DMV was predicted, and we planned an awake intubation. The patient was sedated with dexmedetomidine and remifentanil. She was intubated with a nasotracheal tube using a video laryngoscope, and spontaneous ventilation was maintained. This case demonstrates that awake intubation using a video laryngoscope can be as good as a fiberoptic scope.

• Journal of Menopausal Medicine
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.143-149
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• 2018

Lack of adequate sleep has become increasingly common in our 24/7 modern society. Reduced sleep has significant health consequences including metabolic and cardiovascular disorders, and mental problems including depression. In addition, although the increase in life expectancy has provided a dream of longevity to humans, the occurrence of osteoporosis is a big obstacle to this dream for both male and female. It is known that insomnia and bone health problems, which are very critical conditions in human life, interestingly, share a lot of pathogenesis in recent decades. Nevertheless, due to another side effects of the synthetic drugs being taken for the treatment of insomnia and osteoporosis, patients have substantial anxiety for the safety of drugs with therapeutic expectation. This review examines the pathogenesis shared by sleep and osteoporosis together and herbal medicine, which has recently been shown to be safe and efficacious in the treatment of both diseases other than synthetic drugs. We suggestions for how to treat osteoporosis. These efforts will be the first step toward enabling patients to have comfortable and safe prescriptions through a wide selection of therapeutic agents in the future.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• v.2 no.4
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• pp.337-356
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• 2011

In this paper, cable-stayed bridges with single pylon and two equal side spans, with variations in geometry and span ranging from 120 m to 240 m have been studied. 3D models of the bridges considered in this study have been analysed using ANSYS. As the first step towards a detailed seismic analysis, free vibration response of different geometries is studied for their mode shapes and frequencies. Typical pattern of free vibration responses in different frequencies with change in geometry is observed. Further, three different seismic loading histories are chosen with various characteristics to find the structural response of different geometries under seismic loading. Effect of variation in pylon shape, cable arrangement with variation in span is found to have typical characteristics with different structural response under seismic loading. From the study, it is observed that the structural response is very much dependent on the geometry of the cable-stayed bridge and the characteristics of the seismic loading as well. Further, structural responses obtained from the study would help the design engineers to take decisions on geometric shapes of the bridges to be constructed in seismic prone zones.

• PNF and Movement
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.35-45
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• 2005

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to understanding the constraint induced movement and Self-efficacy with arm training on upper motor function in Stroke Patients. Methods : Stroke, the leading cause of functional disability, causes a variety of impairments that compromise quality of life. Upper limb hemiparesis, a commonly seen impairment, is particularly problematic given its impact on activities of daily living. Because stroke was a disease to correspond to the first during domestic cause of death, and was accompanied by a lot of side aftereffects after a survival, stroke rehabilitation bought a patient and a family and a physical therapist, and it was main concern of. Results : Looks into upper extremity excrise of a subacute stroke patient estranged a acute convalescence later by a rehabilitation treatment in this consideration, and evaluates an effect to wind up constraint induced movement for an early treatment of stroke and Self efficacy, and help is one to an early rehabilitation of an stroke patient. Conclusions : Overuse sound tends after the stroke occurrence in the early stage in order to recompense for stroke, and at the time of a new aspect called learned nonuse syndrome by a movement of a paralysis part dusting off wealth with this step thing later. Constraint induced movement using self efficacy could be an effective for improving function of stroke.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.45-49
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• 2011

The aim of study intends to investigate effect of weight of fire-protective clothing for physical balance and agility after maximum physical activity and to provide the base data for the safety of firefighter. For evaluation of static and dynamic-balance, the closed-eyes foot balance and the beam-walking were performed respectively. For evaluation of static and dynamic-agility, the whole body reaction and the side-step were carried out. This study demonstrates that after maximum physical activity, the weight of fire-protective clothing effects on physical static-balance and dynamic-agility and suggests that it could be useful for actual safety field studies of firefighters.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.69-78
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• 2019

Pain therapy often entails gastrointestinal adverse events. While opioids are effective drugs for pain relief, the incidence of opioid-induced constipation (OIC) varies greatly from 15% to as high as 81%. This can lead to a significant impairment in quality of life, often resulting in discontinuation of opioid therapy. In this regard, a good doctor-patient relationship is especially pivotal when initiating opioid therapy. In addition to a detailed history of bowel habits, patient education regarding the possible gastrointestinal side effects of the drugs is crucial. In addition, the bowel function must be regularly evaluated for the entire duration of treatment with opioids. Furthermore, if the patient has preexisting constipation that is well under control, continuation of that treatment is important. In the absence of such history, general recommendations should include sufficient fluid intake, physical activity, and regular intake of dietary fiber. In patients of OIC with ongoing opioid therapy, the necessity of opioid use should be critically reevaluated in terms of an with acceptable quality of life, particularly in cases of non-cancer pain. If opioids must be continued, lowering the dose may help, as well as changing the type of opioid. If these measures do not suffice, the next step for persistent OIC is the administration of laxatives. If these are ineffective as well, treatment with peripherally active ${\mu}$-opioid receptor antagonists should be considered. Enemas and irrigation are emergency measures, often used as a last resort.

• Journal of International Academy of Physical Therapy Research
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.2359-2364
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• 2021

Background: Patients with stroke have limited ankle range of motion (ROM) due to soft tissue abnormalities around the ankle and thus experience functional impairment. Increased muscle tension and reduced ankle ROM impair gait and hinder the activities of daily living. Joint mobilization and stretching are effective interventions that improve gait performance by enhancing the ankle ROM. Objectives: To investigate the effects of ankle joint mobilization and calf muscle stretching on gait speed and gait performance in patients with stroke. Design: This was a randomized controlled trial. Methods: Twenty patients with stroke patients were randomized into two groups. The joint mobilization group (JMG) underwent anteroposterior mobilization of the talocrural joint and the joint mobilization stretching group (JMSG) underwent calf muscle stretching in addition to joint mobilization. Gait speed and gait parameters were measured using the 10-meter walk test and the GAITRite. Results: Both the JMG and JMSG groups showed significant improvements in gait speed, affected-side step length, and cadence after the intervention (P<.05). Conclusion: Joint mobilization and stretching were effective interventions for improving gait performance by enhancing ankle function in patients with stroke.

• Journal of Auto-vehicle Safety Association
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.65-70
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• 2022

Lane change in urban environments is a challenge for both human-driving and automated driving due to their complexity and non-linearity. With the recent development of deep-learning, the use of the RNN network, which uses time series data, has become the mainstream in this field. Many researches using RNN show high accuracy in highway environments, but still do not for urban environments where the surrounding situation is complex and rapidly changing. Therefore, this paper proposes a lane change possibility decision network by adopting Attention layer, which is an SOTA in the field of seq2seq. By weighting each time step within a given time horizon, the context of the road situation is more human-like. A total 7D vectors of x, y distances and longitudinal relative speed of side front and rear vehicles, and longitudinal speed of ego vehicle were used as input. A total 5,614 expert data of 4,098 yield cases and 1,516 non-yield cases were used for training, and the performance of this network was tested through 1,817 data. Our network achieves 99.641% of test accuracy, which is about 4% higher than a network using only LSTM in an urban environment. Furthermore, it shows robust behavior to false-positive or true-negative objects.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• v.27 no.5
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• pp.481-495
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• 2021

This article assesses and estimates the progressive failure mechanism of complex pit-rest secondary toppling of slopes that are located within the vicinity of the Gas Flare Site of Refinery No. 4 in South Pars Special Zone (SPSZ), southwest Iran. The finite element numerical procedure based on the Shear Strength Reduction (SSR) technique has been employed for the stability analysis. In this regard, several step modelling stages that were conducted to evaluate the slope stability status revealed that the main instability was situated on the left-hand side (western) slope in the Flare Site. The toppling was related to the rock column-overburden system in relation to the overburden pressure on the rock columns which led to the progressive instability of the slope. This load transfer from the overburden has most probably led to the separation of the rock column and to its rotation downstream of the slope in the form of a complex pit-rest secondary toppling. According to the numerical modelling, it was determined that the Strength Reduction Factor (SRF) decreased substantially from 5.68 to less than 0.320 upon progressive failure. The estimated shear and normal stresses in the block columns ranged from 1.74 MPa to 8.46 MPa, and from 1.47 MPa to 16.8 MPa, respectively. In addition, the normal and shear displacements in the block columns ranged from 0.00609 m to 0.173 m and from 0.0109 m to 0.793 m, respectively.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
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• v.35 no.6
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• pp.616-621
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• 2022

Numerical simulation is a good way to predict the conversion efficiency of solar cells without a direct experimentation and to achieve low cost and high efficiency through optimizing each step of solar cell fabrication. TOPCon industrial solar cells fabricated with n-type silicon wafers on a larger area have achieved a higher efficiency than p-type TOPCon solar cells. Electrical and optical losses of the front surface are the main factors limiting the efficiency of the solar cell. In this work, an optimization of boron-doped emitter surface and front electrodes through numerical simulation using "Griddler" is reported. Through the analysis of the results of simulation, it was confirmed that the emitter sheet resistance of 150 Ω/sq along the front electrodes having a finger width of 20 ㎛, and the number of finger lines ~130 for silicon wafer of M6 size is an optimized technology for the front emitter surface of the n-type TOPCon solar cells that can be developed.