• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.55 no.4
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• pp.389-393
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• 2017

Purpose: The aim of this study is to evaluate the flexural strength of flexible resins and the flexibility of different resin splint (RS) systems in comparison with resin wire splint (RWS) system. Materials and methods: Three different resin materials (G-aenial flo, GA, GC; Superbond, SB, Sun medical; G-fix, GF, GC) were tested flexural strength test in accordance with ISO-4049:2000. For the flexibility test of splint systems, a artificial model with resin teeth was used to evaluate three types of resin splint systems (GA, SB, and GF) and one resin wire splint system. The left central incisor was simulated 'injured teeth' with third degree mobility. Three consecutively repeated measurements of periotest value were taken in horizontal direction, before and after splinting to access tooth mobility. The splinting effect was calculated through the periotest value. Differences were evaluated through One-way Anova and Tukey HDS post-hoc tests for pair-wise comparison (${\alpha}=.05$). Results: Although GA group showed significant higher flexural strength than SB and GF groups, all of three different resin splint systems produced a significantly higher and rigid splinting effect compared with 016" resin-wire splint system (P < .05). Conclusion: Within the limits of an in vitro study, it can be stated that resin splint systems are too rigid and may not be acceptable to treat tooth avulsion.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.159-169
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• 1995

The purpose of this study was investigating the effects of pivot splint on width of the temporomandibular joint space in order to get the basic data for clinical applications. Pivot splint could be used for treating the patients with temporomandibular disorders, especially for chronic closed lock which would not be reduced by joint manipulation or with other methods. So it is necessary to have a lot of underlying data for using pivot splint, but there is few available reports related to mechanical principle or clinical results of the splint. Healthy twenty dental students wee collected for this study and pivot splint with 2.5mm high right-side pivot was used. Next, transcanial projection was taken and width of joint space at there mandibular positions were measured : habitual occlusion position, clenching position with splint, and clenching position with splint and mandibular force. The data were processed with SAS statistical program. The obtained results were as follows : 1. Ipsilateral posterior joint space width was increased on clenching the pivot splint, but joint space widths of contralateral side were not significantly changed. 2. Superior and posterior joint space width were increased on clenching the pivot splint with mandibualr force on both ipsilateral and contralateral side. 3. Ipsilateral joint space widths were not significantly changed from habitual occlusion position to clenching the pivot splint with active mandibular force, but in case of with passive mandibular force, posterior joint space width was significantly increased. 4. Correlationships between mandibular positions were more significant at anterior joint space than at superior or posterior joint space. But the correlation between clenching and clenching with mandibular force was significant at all the three joint space.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.321-328
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• 2007

If there are problems for us to sleep, we are faced with fatigue and dizziness in the day. Snoring and OSAS (obstructive sleep apnea syndrome) during sleeping are the main cause of sleep disorder. Treatments through surgical method and sleep splint can be performed to treat snoring and OSAS. Relapse of snoring and OSAS is common after treatment by surgical method. But, Recently sleep splint is frequently applied to treat snoring and OSAS with surgical treatment, because it is convenient and conservative. Sleep splint treat snoring and OSAS by ensuring airway through nose. As first step of fabrication occlusal bite is gained at a point that patient get feeling of increased nasal breathing in supined position, and next, the bite is transfered to sleep splint. This study surveyed the effect of sleep splint by questionnaire to the out-patients (the Dept. of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Chonbuk National University Hospital) weared sleep splint and their partners, secondarily measured airflow through nose by aerophone II after wearing sleep splint and finally evaluated the effect of treatment of snoring and OSAS by sleep splint. The obtained result were as follows; 1. Though 'sleep splint' couldn't eliminate fundamental problems of snoring, it could improve the symptoms when patients were selected could using the 'Nakagawa's respiration method'. 2. Patients who used the sleep splint could breathe stably when patients are sleeping stably. Wearing a 'sleep splint' improved airflow by expanding the upper airway. 3. Even though sleep splint can be made with variable materials, the patients expressed the most satisfaction on the splint with '0.75mm hard shell'. 4. The 'Herbst' may allows the mandible to move the TMJ to relax. Nevertheless, some patients experienced a discomfort or irritation. 5. In Snoring and OSAS cases, it is recommended that patients should first explore non-surgical options prior to choosing a surgical treatment.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.110-115
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• 2008

Purpose: The objective of this study is to propose an effective management of unstable zygomatic arch fracture. The reduction methods of arch fracture were relatively simple but the maintenance of reduction state is very troublesome. On this, authors introduce an effective management method of unstable zygomatic arch fracture. Methods: Authors experienced 23 cases of unstable segmental zygomatic arch fractures and used Thermo-splint in all cases. All the arch fractures were reduced through Gillies' approach under the general anesthesia. After the reduction, the most effective suspension points were marked on the covering skin of the fractured arch. A needle of heavy nonabsorbable suture material was inserted toward the marking site under the reduced zygomatic arch. And then Therm-splint was dipped in the hot water, and we got the splint pattern of patient face. Reshaped Thermo-splint was trimmed and fixated with previous suspension suture materials. More additive suspension was done if necessary. The splint was applied for in two to three weeks postoperatively. Results: In all the cases, good cosmetic and functional results were observed without severe complications. There were 4 cases of incomplete reductions but they also had no specific problems. There were no facial nerve symptom and scar(stitch mark). Postoperative slight tenderness and trismus were completely subsided after removal of the splint. Conclusion: The Thermo-splint safely protect and maintain the postoperative reduction state. The application, maintenance and removal were easy and simple. It could be reformed to any contour of face and had enough rigidity for supporting. Above all these things, effective prevention of displacement and easy manipulation were significant merit. Authors experienced good results with Thermo-splint, and would introduce it for another method of management of zygomatic arch fracture.

• Journal of Korean Orthopaedic Sports Medicine
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.7-15
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• 2010

Anterior knee pain syndrome would best be defined as a painful condition that arises in or around the patellofemoral joint and is insidious in onset and bilateral, with an enigmatic entity with multiple causes. Although its etiology is uncertain, the cause is often considered to be abnormal lower limb biomechanics, pathology of extensor mechanism, disorder of patellofemoral joint, malalignment or lateral tracking of the patella, soft tissue tightness, muscle weakness. The measurement of patellar alignment has come to be accepted as an integral part of the examination of anterior knee pain syndrome. Various measurement techniques exist, both clinical and radiological, and these have been frequently used in the diagnosis and treatment of the condition.?Treatment depends on the underlying cause of anterior knee pain and should be directed to the cause rather than to the results. Most often, this involves non-surgical measures, such as anti-inflammatory medications, quadriceps exercises, and hamstring stretching. Shin splint, or medial tibial stress syndrome refers a syndrome of pain running along the inner distal 2/3 of tibia shaft. Shin splint is a common problem for athletes whose sport involves a repeated, jarring impact to the leg. A major factor determining the efficacy of the treatment is that correct diagnosis be made of the problem. The varied etiology has led to the development of several theories as to the cause, treatment, rehabilitation and prevention of shin splint. The management is rest, ice massages, pain relief by medication, and muscle strengthening exercise. Proper rehabilitation and preventative measures can ensure that there is no further recurrence.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.136-142
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• 2006

Temporomandibular joint(TMJ) disorders have characteristic clinical findings such as pain, joint sound, and abnormal jaw function. With the rapid progress in TMJ imaging techniques, magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) especially provides the clinician and researcher with the ability to evaluate TMJ disorders(effusion, anterior disk displacement) and the hard and soft tissue of the TMJ. In order to manage the internal derangement of TMJ such as anterior disk displacement, the so-called appliance therapy is commonly used. This technique became the treatment of choice before surgical intervention by many practitioners. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate and determine the efficacy of anterior repositioning splint by means of the change of the position of the disk through pre- and post-treatment MRI. MRI and clinical symptom were carefully recorded in TMJ disorder patients. The relationship between TMJ symptoms such as pain, clicking sound, and disk displacement and effusion in MRI were analyzed. Then, splint therapy was applied for 3 months according to our protocol; at day 1, patients should wear 24 hours, in order to accomodate the splint and then, wearing time is reduced to 12 hours per day for one month. During next 2 months, it is tapered to 8 hours per day according to the evaluation of the clinical symptoms. Post-treatment MRI was obtained after 3 month protocol. This treatment strategy improved the clinical symptoms of TMJ disorder, and effusion and articular disk position showed a significant change. In conclusion, a treatment modality using an anterior repositioning splint therapy is an appropriate method for temporomandibular disorder patients.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.25-29
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of a new designed splint on the hand function. A new design splint that enlarges the area between thumb and index finger was manufactured using 3D printing. After wearing a new splint the patient was possible to open thumb and hold a small object. She showed improvement in overall hand function and could move eight blocks in box and block test. But grasping a cup without a handle has become more difficult than before. Also there is a disadvantage that it could not be fixed by water. This study is meaningful in that it is the first splint application study using 3D printing. In the future, we expect that various patient-specific splints will be developed through 3D printing in the field of occupational therapy.

• Design Convergence Study
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.1-14
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• 2019

General finger splint manufactured and sold domestically could have been of great help to patients with disabilities due to damage to the body's. However, it reminded the wearer of his disability that he wanted to hide. This has had a negative effect on the psychological side of self-absorption and depression. If this avoids or rejects wearing, the role of ancillary rehabilitation is lost. This does not meet the user's requirements. Thus, in this study, 3D printing was used to better reflect user requirements. Next, the study examined existing prior studies to identify the characteristics and criteria of each study. It also examined medical finger aids that were being sold in the auxiliary device market. The assessment criteria were derived by compiling and interpreting user surveys of each finger splint device. Based on the evaluation criteria derived, the design guidelines for finger splint were presented using FDM-style 3D printers. Finally, we proposed a finger splint design according to the proposed design guideline.

• The Journal of the Korean dental association
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• v.49 no.4
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• pp.219-226
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• 2011

Snoring and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) are common sleep disordered breathing conditions. Habitual snoring is caused by a vibration of soft tissue of upper airway while breath in sleeping, and obstructive sleep apnea is caused by the repeated obstructions of airflow for a sleeping, specially airflow of pharynx. Researchers have shown that snoring is the most important symptom connected with the obstructive sleep apnea syndrome The treatment is directed toward improving the air flow by various surgical and nonsurgical methods. The current surgical procedures used are uvulopalatopharyngoplasty(UPPP), orthognathic surgery, nasal cavity surgery. Among the nonsurgical methods there are nasal continuous positive air pressure(CPAP), pharmacologic therapy. weight loss in obese patient, oral appliance(sleep splint). Sleep splint brings the mandible forward in order to increase upper airway volume and prevents total upper airway collapse during sleep. However, the precise mechanism of action is not yet completely understood, especially aerodynamic factor. The aim of this study evaluated the effect of conservative treatment of snoring and OSAS by sleep splint through measured aerodynamic change by an aerophone II. We measured a airflow, sound pressure level, duration, mean power from overall airflow by aerophone II mask. The results indicated that on a positive correlation between a decrease in maximum airflow rate and a decrease in maximum sound pressure level, on a negative correlation between a decrease in maximum airflow rate and a increase in duration.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.67-80
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• 1989

The author studied the changes of muscle activity with Bioelectric processor Model EM2(Myotronics Corp., USA) before and after occlusal stabilization splint therapy. For this study, 15 temporomandibular disorders patients and 15 students without any temporomandibular disorders symptoms were selected, for experimental group and control group, respectively. Experimental group were treated with occlusal stabilization splint and checked about electromyographic activity before and after therapy. Electromyographic levels were measured in both groups at the following mandibular position, i.e., physiologic rest, tapping, light biting, hard open without pain, open with pain, right excursion and ipsilateral biting, left excursion and ipsilateral biting, protrusion, protrusive biting, edge biting and physiologic rest after movement. The obtained results were as follows : 1. In experimental group, post-treatment mean values of muscle activity were lower than pretreatment values. 2. In general, the pre-treatment mean values of muscle activity in experimental group were higher than those of control group. 3. In experimental group, no statistically significant difference appeared between affected and unaffected side. 4. The mean value of muscle activity in physiologic rest position after each movement check was lower than that before each movement check.