• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.302-308
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• 2004

Sixty-six dogs diagnosed with cystolithiasis at animal clinics in the Busan area between April 2002, and April 2003, were reviewed. The chemical analysis of cystoliths from 66 dogs indicated that the predominant mineral component was struvite (45 dogs), calcium oxalate (14 dogs), or urate (6 dogs). Animals affected with struvite were grouped into four (s-1; struvite only, s-2; struvite mixed with lesser quantities of calcium oxalate or ammonium urate, s-3; nuclei and lamination, s-4; struvite nucleus surrounded by other minerals), with calcium oxalate into six(o-1; calcium oxalate monohydrate only, o-2; calcium oxalate dihydrate only, o-3; combination of calcium oxalate monohydrate and dihydrate, o-4; calcium oxalate nucleus surrounded by other minerals, o-5; 100% calcium oxalate monohydrate nucleus surrounded by 100% calcium oxalate dihydrate, o-6; mixed calcium oxalate monohydrate nucleus surrounded by mixed calcium oxalate dihydrate), and with urate into two(u-1; ammonium acid urate only, u-2; ammonium acid urate mixed with lesser quantities of other minerals). In this study, the numbers of 4 groups of struvite were (s-1; 10, s-2; 9, s-3; 21, s-4; 5), 6 groups of calcium oxalate were (o-1; 0, o-2; 1, o-3; 2, o-4; 3, o-5; 2, o-6; 6), and 2 groups of urate were (u-1; 6, u-2; 0). The data from each group was analyzed and compared. Shih Tzu(14 cases), Yorkshire terrier(10 cases), mixed-breed(10 cases) and Miniature schnauzer(7 cases) were more frequently affected than the other breeds. Females(40 cases) were affected more than males(26 cases). Twenty-nine dogs had cystoliths associated with a bacterial urinary tract infection, and uroliths tended to recur. We conclude eradication of urinary infection along with appropriate food (e.g. prescription diet) with client compliance should help in reducing the incidence or severity of the disease.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Veterinary Clinics Conference
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• 2006.05a
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• pp.139-139
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• 2006

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Veterinary Clinics Conference
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• 2006.05a
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• pp.158-158
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• 2006

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Veterinary Clinics Conference
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• 2006.05a
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• pp.103-103
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• 2006

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Veterinary Clinics Conference
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• 2006.05a
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• pp.96-96
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• 2006

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Veterinary Clinics Conference
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• 2006.05a
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• pp.120-120
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• 2006

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.49 no.4
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• pp.297-307
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• 2009

Animal shelters are potentially vulnerable to constant exposure to a variety of diseases for both animals and humans, because thousands of animals with unknown histories are being admitted to each shelter on a yearly basis in Korea. The control of disease spread, therefore, can be a major challenge to veterinarians in most shelters. This study investigated the health status of stray dogs admitted to the Gwangju Animal Shelter during the year of 2008, and analyzed types of disorders at the time of admission as well as newly acquired diseases while housed in the shelter. Canine heartworm disease was the most prevalent infection among stray dogs at the time of admission, while the respiratory disorder was the most common shelteracquired disease. The majority of dogs (93.5%) was either small or middle-sized breeds with Maltese (19.7%) and Shih Tzu (16.0%) being the most commonly found stray dogs. Out of 1,143 dogs admitted to the shelter, owners of 128 dogs (11.2%) visited the shelter and found their lost dogs, while 518 dogs (45.3%) were adopted to new families. Results of this study strongly indicate that stray dogs in Korea are exposed to a variety of diseases and the disease control by veterinarians is one of the most important aspects of the shelter management.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.273-277
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• 2013

This study was performed to compare clinical and diagnostic imaging features between asymptomatic and symptomatic extrahepatic portosystemic shunts in dogs. The data of thirty patients diagnosed with extrahepatic PSS by multi-detector CT were reviewed, and the dogs were divided into asymptomatic (9/30) and symptomatic (21/30) groups. Signalments, hematologic results, liver size, morphologic classifications and main portal vein to abdominal aortic ratio (PV/AO) at the porta hepatis level from CT images were evaluated in two groups. Shih-tzu (5/9) was the most frequent breed in asymptomatic group, and various breeds were presented in symptomatic group. Mean age of asymptomatic group ($9.2{\pm}3.2$ years) was significantly higher than that of symptomatic group ($4.5{\pm}3.2$ years). The most morphologic form of shunt vessel was the splenophrenic shunt (16/30). PV/AO of asymptomatic group ($1.1{\pm}0.19$) was significantly higher than the values of symptomatic group ($0.55{\pm}0.19$). Clinical signs, hematologic results and diagnostic imaging findings of asymptomatic PSS are too nonspecific to suspect PSS. Therefore, considering of patient's age and CT examination with application of PV/AO ratio could be useful for the diagnosis of asymptomatic PSS.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.33 no.6
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• pp.340-345
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• 2016

The present study determined the normal reference ranges for the femoral and tibial joint orientation angles of small-breed dogs. For this purpose, 60 each of cadaveric canine femurs and tibias from normal small-breed dogs (Maltese, Poodle, Shih Tzu, Yorkshire Terrier) were examined with radiographs and photographs. Axial and frontal radiographs and photographs of each bone were obtained, from which anteversion and inclination angles, anatomic lateral proximal and distal femoral angles (aLPFA and aLDFA), mechanical lateral proximal and distal femoral angles (mLPFA and mLDFA), and mechanical medial proximal and distal tibial angles (mMPTA and mMDTA) were measured. The 95% CI for radiographic values of all femurs and tibiae were anteversion angle, $23.4-27.4^{\circ}$; inclination angle, $128.4-130.4^{\circ}$; aLPFA, $117.8-122.1^{\circ}$; aLDFA, $93.7-95.2^{\circ}$; mLPFA $113.8-117.3^{\circ}$; mLDFA $99.2-100.5^{\circ}$; mMPTA $96.8-98.5^{\circ}$; mMDTA $89.4-90.7^{\circ}$. The Maltese had a larger anteversion angle than the Poodle and the Yorkshire Terrier and a larger mLPFA than the Poodle. In the comparison between the radiographs and the photographs, significant differences were found in the anteversion angle, mLPFA, mMPTA, and mMDTA. The established normal reference values might be useful for determining whether a valgus or varus deformity of the femur or the tibia is present and if so, the degree of angular correction needed.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.33 no.6
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• pp.362-367
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• 2016

The aim of the study was to evaluate ultrasonographic findings, affected age, hematology, blood chemistry and clinical signs according to open or closed cervix in 102 bitches presented for treatment of pyometra. The prevalence of pyometra according to breed was observed in Maltese 22.5%, Yorkshire Terrier 13.7% and Shih Tzu 12.7%. The mean age of dogs was $9.6{\pm}0.3years$, and open cervix pyometra was more prevalent than closed cervix pyometra. Clinical signs included anorexia, vaginal discharge, depression, polyuria/polydipsia, vomiting, and abdominal distension. The concentration of BUN and the activity of ALP in dogs with closed cervix pyometra were significantly higher than those in dogs with open cervix pyometra (p < 0.05). The white blood cell and neutrophils in dogs with closed cervix pyometra were significant higher than those in dogs with open cervix pyometra (p < 0.05). Ultrasonographic findings of the uterus with open or closed cervix pyometra showed variable patterns. The uterine wall was variable in appearance, from thick and irregular to smooth and thin. The uterine wall was thicker in open cervix pyometra than in closed cervix pyometra. The luminal cavity included smaller amount of anechoic fluid in open cervix pyometra than in closed cervix pyometra.