• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.442-447
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• 2001

A 2-year-old 4.0-kg female Shih Tzu with history of hematemesis and melena was referred to Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, Seoul national University for further evaluation and treatment. During physical examination, the dog revealed mild depression, dry mucous membrane and abdominal pain. Hematologic values were normal and serum chemical values showed increased serum bile acid (53.47 umol/l, preprandial), fasting serum ammonia concentration (184 g/dl), alanine transferase (98 U/L), alkaline phosphatase (871 U/L) and gamma glutamyl transpeptidase (21 U/L), and decreased blood urea nitrogen (4 mg/dl), total protein (4.1 g/dl) and albumin (1.2 g/dl). Microhepatica was shown in abdominal radiography. During the ultrasound examination, dilated tortuous vein communicating with caudal vena cava ws observed near the stomach. Intraoperative jejunal vein portography was performed during laparotomy to confirm the location and size of shunt vessel. According to history taking, physical examination, hematologic and serum chemical examination and radiographic study, it was diagnosed as single extrahepatic portosystemic shunt. The anomalous vessel (7 mm, o.d.) that enter the caudal vena cava from the left gastric vein, near the level of the diaphragm, was identified. A Ameroid constrictor (5 mm, i.d.) was applied to the shunting vessel near the caudal vena cava. Hematologic and serum chemical values recovered gradually and were revealed normal values 4 months after surgery. Four month after surgery serum bile acids concentrations were 0.56 $\mu$mol/l (preprandial) and 18.45 umol/l (postprandial). Abdominal radiograph showed normal gastric axis and it revealed normal size of the liver. Fine texture and increased echogenecity of liver and enlargement of portal vein were shown in ultrasonography. Single extrahepatic portosystemic shunt might be treated surgically using Ameroid constrictor.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.87-92
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• 2012

A six months old, male Shih Tzu dog was referred to the Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital at Kangwon National University, for lethargy, respiratory embarrassment. Survey radiography revealed enlarged cardiac silhouette due to displacement of gas-filled intestine in the pericardium. Although there were no specific clinical signs, this case was diagnosed as peritoneopericardial diaphragmatic hernia (PPDH) based on the results of positive contrast radiography and thoracic ultrasonograpic findings. In addition, the thickened gall bladder wall observed in ultrasonography, increase of alkaline phosphatase and neutrophils indicated cholecystitis. Two hepatic lobes and gall bladder were severely necrotized and adhere to the diaphragm. Direct reduction of the herniated organs might cause hepatic hemorrhage and bile juice leakage which may induce very poor prognosis. To solve the problems, the adhered organs were dissected with part of diaphragm, and lobectomy with cholecystectomy was performed for prevention of some possible complications including peritonitis. This is case report describing resection of part of diaphragm adhered to herniated organ reduce the risk of possible hepatic hemorrhage during surgical correction of PPDH followed bycholecystectomy and lobectomy.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.273-277
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• 2013

This study was performed to compare clinical and diagnostic imaging features between asymptomatic and symptomatic extrahepatic portosystemic shunts in dogs. The data of thirty patients diagnosed with extrahepatic PSS by multi-detector CT were reviewed, and the dogs were divided into asymptomatic (9/30) and symptomatic (21/30) groups. Signalments, hematologic results, liver size, morphologic classifications and main portal vein to abdominal aortic ratio (PV/AO) at the porta hepatis level from CT images were evaluated in two groups. Shih-tzu (5/9) was the most frequent breed in asymptomatic group, and various breeds were presented in symptomatic group. Mean age of asymptomatic group ($9.2{\pm}3.2$ years) was significantly higher than that of symptomatic group ($4.5{\pm}3.2$ years). The most morphologic form of shunt vessel was the splenophrenic shunt (16/30). PV/AO of asymptomatic group ($1.1{\pm}0.19$) was significantly higher than the values of symptomatic group ($0.55{\pm}0.19$). Clinical signs, hematologic results and diagnostic imaging findings of asymptomatic PSS are too nonspecific to suspect PSS. Therefore, considering of patient's age and CT examination with application of PV/AO ratio could be useful for the diagnosis of asymptomatic PSS.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제33권6호
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• pp.340-345
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• 2016

The present study determined the normal reference ranges for the femoral and tibial joint orientation angles of small-breed dogs. For this purpose, 60 each of cadaveric canine femurs and tibias from normal small-breed dogs (Maltese, Poodle, Shih Tzu, Yorkshire Terrier) were examined with radiographs and photographs. Axial and frontal radiographs and photographs of each bone were obtained, from which anteversion and inclination angles, anatomic lateral proximal and distal femoral angles (aLPFA and aLDFA), mechanical lateral proximal and distal femoral angles (mLPFA and mLDFA), and mechanical medial proximal and distal tibial angles (mMPTA and mMDTA) were measured. The 95% CI for radiographic values of all femurs and tibiae were anteversion angle, $23.4-27.4^{\circ}$; inclination angle, $128.4-130.4^{\circ}$; aLPFA, $117.8-122.1^{\circ}$; aLDFA, $93.7-95.2^{\circ}$; mLPFA $113.8-117.3^{\circ}$; mLDFA $99.2-100.5^{\circ}$; mMPTA $96.8-98.5^{\circ}$; mMDTA $89.4-90.7^{\circ}$. The Maltese had a larger anteversion angle than the Poodle and the Yorkshire Terrier and a larger mLPFA than the Poodle. In the comparison between the radiographs and the photographs, significant differences were found in the anteversion angle, mLPFA, mMPTA, and mMDTA. The established normal reference values might be useful for determining whether a valgus or varus deformity of the femur or the tibia is present and if so, the degree of angular correction needed.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제33권6호
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• pp.362-367
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• 2016

The aim of the study was to evaluate ultrasonographic findings, affected age, hematology, blood chemistry and clinical signs according to open or closed cervix in 102 bitches presented for treatment of pyometra. The prevalence of pyometra according to breed was observed in Maltese 22.5%, Yorkshire Terrier 13.7% and Shih Tzu 12.7%. The mean age of dogs was $9.6{\pm}0.3years$, and open cervix pyometra was more prevalent than closed cervix pyometra. Clinical signs included anorexia, vaginal discharge, depression, polyuria/polydipsia, vomiting, and abdominal distension. The concentration of BUN and the activity of ALP in dogs with closed cervix pyometra were significantly higher than those in dogs with open cervix pyometra (p < 0.05). The white blood cell and neutrophils in dogs with closed cervix pyometra were significant higher than those in dogs with open cervix pyometra (p < 0.05). Ultrasonographic findings of the uterus with open or closed cervix pyometra showed variable patterns. The uterine wall was variable in appearance, from thick and irregular to smooth and thin. The uterine wall was thicker in open cervix pyometra than in closed cervix pyometra. The luminal cavity included smaller amount of anechoic fluid in open cervix pyometra than in closed cervix pyometra.

• 한국수정란이식학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.133-138
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• 2001

개의 인공수정에 사용할 정자의 보존방법을 확립하기 위하여, 동결속도와 응해 온도를 설정하여 적절한 동결방법을 정립하고자 본 실험을 실시하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 동결의 방법에 있어서는 액체질소의 표면으로부터 17 cm 높이에서 동결하는 -3$^{\circ}C$/min의 동결속도로 실시하여 37$^{\circ}C$에서 2분간 응해하는 방법이 가장 좋은 결과를 보였다. 생존성과 운동성에 있어서의 차이는 없지만 첨체의 intact한 비율은 약간 낮은 결과를 보였으며, 이의 보완을 위해, 액체질소 표면으로부터 10cm와 17cm의 높이를 세분화하여 동결속도를 설정한 후보다 나은 정액동결방범을 찾는다면 동결정액을 이용한 인공수정의 수태율은 더욱 향상될 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.200-204
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• 2015

12년령 중성화 수컷 시추가 변비와 배변곤란 증상으로 내원하였다. 방사선 사진상 결장이 팽대되어 있으며 천추 수준에서 연부조직밀도의 종괴가 결장을 복측으로 압박하는 것이 관찰되었다. 컴퓨터 단층촬영상 종괴는 균일한 연부조직 정도의 감약성을 보이며 변연이 뚜렷하고 전이소견을 보이지 않았다. 동적 컴퓨터 단층촬영상 종괴는 촬영간 지속적인 낮은 조영증강을 보였으며 관류성 및 모세혈관 투과성은 둔부근육과 비교하여 낮은 것으로 평가되었다. 영상진단학적 검사상 종괴는 신생혈관 발달이 약한 골반강 내 양성 종양으로 잠정진단되었다. 종괴는 둔성분리를 통한 외과적 절제로 제거되었으며 조직검사결과 평활근종으로 진단되었다.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.68-72
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• 2007

An 8-year-old, male Shih-tzu dog with clinical signs of hemorrhage from penile orifice and pain on lifting hindlimb was brought to the Veterinary Medicine Teaching Hospital, Chungnam National University. The patient was shown polyuria/polydipsia (PU/PD), more than 10 times per day, and gasterointestinal signs such as intermittent vomiting and melena. On laboratory examination, BUN, creatinine and amylase level were all highly increased. Radiographic and ultrasonographic findings included that both kidneys were abnormal, and both prostates were hyperplastic bilaterally and cysts were presented in parenchyma. Additionally, hyperechoic pancreas and intact urinary bladder were observed from ultrasonographic examination. The dog was diagnosed as pancreatitis, acute renal failure and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). After the appropriate treatment for pancreatitis and acute renal failure, He dog was treated with administration of azasteroid for BPH. On day 71 after azasteroid treatment, good response to the treatment was defined by ultrasonography and clinical signs cured completely.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.26-28
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• 2007

우측 후지가 점진적인 파행을 보이는 11년령의 수컷 시츄견이 내원하였다. 신체검사 결과 부정형의 종괴가 촉진 되었다. 방사선 촬영에서는 균질한 연부 조직성 밀도를 보였으며, 초음파 검사에서는 혼합성 에코를 보이는 경계가 명료한 특징을 갖고 있었다. MRI 검사에서는 주변 근육과 비교한 결과 유사 또는 강한 비균질성 신호강도를 보였다. 종괴는 주로 대퇴부 주변에 형성되어 있었으며, 일부는 골반뼈 폐쇄구멍을 통해 골반강내에서 직장의 변위를 일으키고 있음이 확인할 수 있었다. 병리조직 검사 결과 중간엽 세포와 상피세포로 구성된 활막육종으로 진단되었다. 종괴는 외과적으로 적출하였으나, 지속적인 근위축으로 있었으며 인해 파행은 개선되지 않았다. 적출 후 6개월에 종괴가 형성됨이 확인되었으며 점진적으로 그 크기 비대해져 10개월이 되는 시점에서 견주의 요청으로 안락사 하였다. MRI는 활막육종 형성됨이 확인되었으며 이에 대한 특징적인 소견은 내포하고 있지 않지만 종괴의 수술적 적출과 종괴의 범위를 확인하는데 있어 유용한 정보를 제공함을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.52-57
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• 2008

An intact male, 3-year old, Sapsari, weighing 29 kg with a history of respiratory distress, anorexia, abdominal distension, and depression for 1 day was referred. Radiographic findings included a C-shaped soft tissue mass in the mid-abdominal cavity and loss of serosal detail. Ultrasonographs showed splenomegaly with hypoechoic coarse parenchyma, loss of venous flow in the dilated splenic veins, and thrombi. Based on image findings, acute isolated splenic torsion was diagnosed. Splenectomy and prophylactic gastropexy was performed. Another case was a spayed female, 8-year old, Shih-tzu, weighing 3.7 kg with a history of intermittent abdominal pain and a palpable abdominal mass for 1 year. Radiographic findings showed splenomegaly characterized by a soft tissue round mass. Ultrasonographs revealed displaced splenic hilum and absence of venous flow in the dilated splenic vein. Chronic isolated splenic torsion was diagnosed and also splenectomy and gastropexy was performed. Two dogs were recovered normally after surgery without any complications. Acute form of isolated splenic torsion showed acute systemic clinical signs, severe C-shaped splenomegaly on radiographs, and loss of all of splenic venous flow, perivenous hyperechoic triangle sign, and thrombi on ultrasonographs. Chronic form of isolated splenic torsion showed chronic obscure clinical signs, moderate splenomegaly on radiographs, and partial loss of splenic venous flow on ultrasonographs.