• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 1999년도 봄 학술발표회 논문집(I)
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• pp.585-590
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• 1999

There is still a lack of knowledge and modelling relating to shear behaviour in reinforced concrete beams. The reason is that shear loading leads to complicated physical mecanisms, such as interlock action, dowel action, etc. Therefore, It is difficult that we make the ideal model of shear behaviour, while Truss model theory has been made good use of shear design because of simplicity and reasonableness. In this study, 6 T-type reinforced concrete beams were designed and made based on the two truss models, i.e, the plasticity truss model and the compatibility truss model, to observe shear strength of concrete and stress distribution of stirrups. 6 beams test pieces were tested with the following testing parameters. 1) specified concrete strength ; 270kg/$\textrm{cm}^2$, 400kg/$\textrm{cm}^2$ 2) with and without the steel fiber.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.441-448
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• 2017

This paper uses the four-variable refined plate theory for the free vibration analysis of functionally graded material (FGM) rectangular plates. The plate properties are assumed to be varied through the thickness following a simple power law distribution in terms of volume fraction of material constituents. The theory presented is variationally consistent, does not require shear correction factor, and gives rise to transverse shear stress variation such that the transverse shear stresses vary parabolically across the thickness satisfying shear stress free surface conditions. Equations of motion are derived from the Hamilton's principle. The closed-form solutions of functionally graded plates are obtained using Navier solution. Numerical results of the refined plate theory are presented to show the effect of the material distribution, the aspect and side-to-thickness ratio on the fundamental frequencies. It can be concluded that the proposed theory is accurate and simple in solving the free vibration behavior of functionally graded plates.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제24권9호
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• pp.2292-2301
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• 2000

We propose an accurate and efficient estimation method of transverse shear stresses for analysis and design of laminated composite structures by 4-node quadrilateral degenerated shell elements. To get proper distributions of transverse shear stresses in each layer, we use 3-dimensional equilibrium equations instead of constitutive equations with shear correction factors which vary diversely according to the shapes of shell sections. Three dimensional equilibrium equations are integrated through the thickness direction with complete polynomial membrane stress fields, which are recovered by REP (Recovery by Equilibrium in Patches) recovery method. The 4-node quadrilateral degenerated shell element used in this paper has drilling degrees of freedom and shear stresses derived from assumed strain fields that are set up at natural coordinate systems. The numerical results demonstrate that the proposed estimation method attains reasonable accuracy and efficiency compared with other methods and FE analysis using 4-node degenerated shell elements.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2009년도 춘계 학술발표회
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• pp.813-818
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• 2009

Shear properties of plastic bottle film/plastic bottle film and plastic bottle film/granitic soil which were evaluated from static friction tests. The monotonic shear experiments were performed by using an tilt table apparatus and large direct shear device. The test results showed that the friction angle of each interface and the interface depended on the amount of normal stress, the type of the interface used. Therefore, the testing method should be determined carefully by considering the type of loads and normal stress expected in the field with using the materials installed in the site.

• 한국시뮬레이션학회논문지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.53-60
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• 1997

Results from a nonequilibrium molecular dynamics (NEMD) simulation are presented for an argon liquid subject to a shear flow. The segmented molecular dynamics method and the subtraction technique used in NEMD program to reduce the thermal fluctuation noise in data are studied with different shear rates. The standard deviation in the shear stress reduced from 0.030 to 0.004 by the segmented molecular dynamics method for 50 repeated segments. On the other hand, the standard deviation of the data remained the same when the subtraction technique was applied, where as the results of shear stress by constant value in a random way.

• 대한기계학회논문집
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.65-76
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• 1994

A higher-oder laminated plate theory including the effect of transverse shear deformation is developed to calculate the gross response and the detailed stress distribution. The theory satisfies the continuity condition of transverse shear stress, and accounts for parabolic variation of the transverse shear stresses through the thickness of each layer. Exact closed-ply laminates are obtained and the results are compared with three-dimensional elasticity solutions and a simple higher-order theory solutions. The results of the present work exhibit acceptable accuracy when compared to the three-dimensional elasticity solutions.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.540-548
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• 2016

sodium bis-(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate-water 라멜라 액정의 비뉴톤 유동곡선을 cone-plate 레오메타를 사용하여 여러 농도와 온도 조건에서 얻었다. 이러한 비뉴톤 유동곡선을 비뉴톤 유동식에 적용하여 유동파라메타를 구하였다. 특별히 주목할 점은 액정시료의 전단속도에 대한 전단응력은 증가와 감소에서 틱소트로피와 다일레턴시 현상을 보여 hysteresis loop를 나타내고 있다는 점이다. sodium bis-(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate-water 라멜라 액정은 작은 전단속도에서는 약한 젤 현상을 보이지만 응력이 한계 응력 이상에서는 비 선형 점탄성 성질을 나타낸다. 전단속도 감소에서 분산계는 전단속도가 증가할 때 측정된 값 보다는 큰 구조변화와 전단응력을 유지하고 있다.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.281-286
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• 2002

심혈관계에서 자주 발생하는 죽상경화증과 혈전의 발생 및 성장에 관한 복잡한 기전을 이해하기 위하여 뇌의 혈액공급을 담당하는 경동맥을 2차원 축대칭으로 모사하여 수치해석하였다. 박동유동 상태에서 경동맥 내에 25%. 50%, 75%의 협착이 형성된 경우에 대하여 혈관내의 속도분포 및 혈류역학적 벽 파라미터들이 고찰되었다. 혈액은 뉴턴유체 및 전단변형률에 따라 점성이 변화하는 비뉴턴유체로 간주되었으며 비뉴턴모델로는 혈액과 유사한 점성치를 나타내는 Carraeu-Yasuda 모델이 적용되었다. 해석 결과 혈관내벽에 작용하는 벽전단응력은 협착이 커질수록 크게 증가하였으며 비뉴턴유체보다 뉴턴유체의 경우에서 벽전단응력이 크게 평가되었다. 벽전단응력 진동지표(OSI)에 의해 시간평균 재부착점이 예측되었는데 비뉴턴유체보다 뉴턴유체의 경우에서 협착 영역으로부터 멀리 떨어진 곳에서 관찰되었다. 시간평균 벽전단응력구배(WSSG)도 협착이 큰 경우에 상당히 크게 나타났는데 비뉴턴유체보다 뉴턴 유체의 경우에 더 큰 값이 나타났다.

• 한국지반공학회지:지반
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.177-198
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• 1997

화강토는 일반 퇴적토와는 달리 풍화도, 입자파쇄성등 시료의 초기상태에 따라 전단거동을 달리하는 특성을 가지므로 각 경우에 대한 응력-변형률 관계를 밝히고 전단강도의 변화특성을 조사할 필요가 있다. 이와같은 관점에서 본 연구에서는 모암조성성분 및 풍화도를 달리하는 4개지역의 화강토를 채취하여 불교란 및 교란(정적다짐)상태에서 직접전단시험과 삼축압축시험(CU, CD)을 수행하였다. 이 결과 불교란화강토의 응력-변형률거동은 구속압이 작을때는 과압밀점토의 응력경로거동처럼 경화에서 연화거동을, 교란화강토는 풍화도에 관계없이 퇴적점토와 같은 경화-일정거동을 나타내었다. 또한, 통상적인 직접전단시험에서 얻는 점착력은 특히, 불교란화강 토에서 과대평가 되는 경향이 있으며 삼축압축시험에서의 응력비(q/p')와 체적변형률증뚠비 (dv/de)의 관계는 함수비, 풍화도, 구속압력, 교란에 관계없이 하나의 식($dv/d\varepsilon,=\alpha(M-\eta))$으로 근사화시킬 수 있었다.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제74권3호
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• pp.365-380
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• 2020

The focus of this paper is to develop an analytical approach based on an efficient shear deformation theory with stretching effect for bending stress analysis of cross-ply laminated composite plates subjected to transverse parabolic load and line load by using a new kinematic model, in which the axial displacements involve an undetermined integral component in order to reduce the number of unknowns and a sinusoidal function in terms of the thickness coordinate to include the effect of transverse shear deformation. The present theory contains only five unknowns and satisfies the zero shear stress conditions on the top and bottom surfaces of the plate without using any shear correction factors. The governing differential equations and its boundary conditions are derived by employing the static version of principle of virtual work. Closed-form solutions for simply supported cross-ply laminated plates are obtained applying Navier's solution technique, and the numerical case studies are compared with the theoretical results to verify the utility of the proposed model. Lastly, it can be seen that the present outlined theory is more accurate and useful than some higher-order shear deformation theories developed previously to study the static flexure of laminated composite plates.