• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.159-172
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• 2022

The role of the interconnect network, which connects computing nodes to each other, is important in high-performance computing (HPC) systems. In recent years, the peripheral component interconnect express (PCIe) has become a promising interface as an interconnection network for high-performance and cost-effective HPC systems having the features of non-transparent bridge (NTB) technologies. OpenSHMEM is a programming model for distributed shared memory that supports a partitioned global address space (PGAS). Currently, little work has been done to develop the OpenSHMEM library for PCIe-interconnected HPC systems. This paper introduces a prototype implementation of the OpenSHMEM library through a switchless interconnect network using PCIe NTB to provide a PGAS programming model. In particular, multi-interrupt, multi-thread-based data transfer over the OpenSHMEM shared memory model is applied at the implementation level to reduce the latency and increase the throughput of the switchless ring network system. The implemented OpenSHMEM programming model over the PCIe NTB switchless interconnection network provides a feasible, cost-effective HPC system with a PGAS programming model.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea CI
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• v.42 no.6
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• pp.19-28
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• 2005

The multiprocessor architecture is a good method to improve the computer system performance. The CC-NUMA provides a single shared space with the physically distributed memories is used widely in the multiprocessor computer system. A CC-NUMA has the full-mapped directory for the shared memory md uses a remote cache memory for tile fast memory access. In this paper, we propose a processing node architecture for a CC-NUMA system and a cache coherency protocol on the physically distributed but logically shared system. We show an implementation result of the system which is adopted the cache coherency protocol.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.24 no.8
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• pp.1138-1148
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• 2021

In this study, we developed a 'shared-use mobility'-mounted local particulate matter monitoring terminal technology to measure the actual particulate matter concentration around me. As a mobile terminal device in the form of an IoT sensor platform, it is designed to be separated into a control module and a sensor module to minimize interference between sensors and to consider the optimal observation position of each sensor. As a result of the field test, it was confirmed that particulate matter was locally different depending on time and space even within the same area. In addition, it was confirmed that the concentration of particulate matter in the relevant section differed by up to 100 times compared to the surrounding area due to specific sources of particulate matter such as unpaved roads. In addition, we positively reviewed the applicability of the service in the real-time metaverse environment using this result. Through technological advancement and application of multiple shared-use mobilities, we expect to be able to provide new services for practical smart city air environment monitoring, such as localized particulate matter information, air pollution event information, and identification of causes of particulate matter.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Interior Design Conference
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• 2008.05a
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• pp.214-219
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• 2008

The aging of the population has been in process all over the world including most of advanced countries. With the improvement of living standards and medical technology due to the growth and development of the modern industrial society, the continuous Increase of the average lifespan has led to an abrupt growth in the population ratio of the aged. The senescence is the period where both physical and mental functions get dwindled, and due to a loss of roles in a society and a weakened social bond, the elderly people feel often neglected and isolated. Consequently, the elderly people spend a lot of time in their houses. As this means that the elderly gets higher possibility to stay within housing units and housing complex environment, residents' public space needs to be developed within the housing complex for them. Therefore, constructive programs and plans are required for the elderly who experience distance constraint because of corporal aging, for them to sustain community activities within their housing environment. Contrary to them in the 20th century, the elderly living in the nowadays informational society tend to enjoy their leisure times with arts and cultures and underscore the significance of social exchange under diverse possibility and sustainableness. Thus, it is important to preserve those circumstances to provide continuously them. Thus, the purpose of this paper is to grope a growth direction of residents' public space for the elderly to include them to their community through a socially integrated way by grasping present condition of apartment residents' public space's facilities and to be used practically as a basic housing environment data to raise quality of community life.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.276-283
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• 2013

Coworking space is the ideal concept of small companies, freelancers, startups, and entrepreneurs operating out of a shared office space while working independently of one another. The coworkers share the core values of coworking: collaboration, openness, accessibility, sustainability, and community. Little academic research has been completed on the composition of coworking spaces and the businesses that use them. The purpose of this study is to examine the organization and characteristic of coworking space based on domestic and international cases for providing basic data on the coworking space plan. This study examined existing academic literature, media, online sources to assess the environmental background of worldwide coworking space, the current status, conceptualization, and membership plan that can be appled coworking spaces. The case study for coworking space is limited to the space where there is web site that is showed floor plan. Coworking spaces are designed to be environmentally friendly, offering common area with many facilities to encouraging community and collaboration. For creating ideal coworking space, the concept of coworking space must be recognized as a community space for interaction and creativity between people and space. Based on the result of this study, the appropriate zoning, circulation and specific floor plan of coworking space is needed for the next research.

• Journal of KIISE
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• v.44 no.12
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• pp.1245-1251
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• 2017

In this study we present a novel directory architecture that can dynamically allocate a directory entry for a cache block on demand at runtime only when the block is shared by more than one core. Thus, we do not maintain coherence for private blocks, substantially reducing the number of directory entries. Even for shared blocks, we allocate directory entry dynamically only when the block is actively shared, further reducing the number of directory entries at runtime. For this, we propose a new directory architecture called dynamic directory table (DDT), which is implemented as a cache of active directory entries. Through our detailed simulation on PARSEC benchmarks, we show that DDT can outperform the expensive full-map directory by a slight margin with only 17.84% of directory area across a variety of different workloads. This is achieved by its faster access and high hit rates in the small directory. In addition, we demonstrate that even smaller DDTs can give comparable or higher performance compared to recent directory optimization schemes such as SPACE and DGD with considerably less area.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.53-66
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• 2016

Purpose: This study aimed to find out the characteristics of the communal shared housing preferred by the housing vulnerable single-person household young adults and adults. It also intended to identify overall characteristics of the young adults and adults and compare and analyze the differences. Method: The the questionnaire using face-to-face interview was conducted. The research subjects were 100 housing vulnerable single-person household young adults and adults, who were living in Gosiwon, Jjokbang, detached houses below the minimum housing standards, multiplex housing units and multi-household houses in Seoul. The research was conducted on the general characteristics, housing environmental characteristics, preferred characteristics of space planning and non-physical elements on the communal shared housing, and the collected data was analyzed using the SPSS statistical package. Result: Out of 15 categories on the communal shared housing, there were common preferences to 6 categories and differences in 7 categories between young adults and adults. At a time with the need for customized housing welfare by life cycle, these research findings are expected to provide basic data to realize customized housing welfare for the housing vulnerable and develop appropriate housing alternatives.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.54-69
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• 2021

Policy improvement such as the revision of the Road Traffic Act are proposed for personal mobility(especially e-scooter) usage. However, there is not enough discussion to solve the problem of using shared e-scooter. In this study, we analyze the influencing factors that amount of pick-up and drop-off of shared e-scooter by dividing the Seoul into a 200m grid. we develop spatial auotcorrelation model such as spatial lag model, spatial error model, spatial durbin model, and spatial durbin error model in order to consider the characteristics of the aggregated data based on a specific space, and the spatial durbin error model is selected as the final model. As a result, demographic factor, land use factor, and transport facility factors have statistically significant impacts on usage of shared e-scooter. The result of this study will be used as basic data for suggesting efficient operation strategies considering the characteristics of weekday and weekend.

• Proceedings of KHEA Conference
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• 1997.07a
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• pp.232-232
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• 1997

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 1999.10c
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• pp.218-220
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• 1999

인터넷과 네트웍 기술의 급속한 성장에 따라 간단하고 효율적이며, 관리가 용이한 분산 어플리케이션의 필요성이 증대되었다. 이러한 요구사항을 만족시키기 위하여 네트워크 상에 분산되어 있는 자원, 서비스 및 객체의 공유와 이들 사이의 통신을 일관된 방법으로 지원하는 튜플스페이스(Tuple space) 시스템들이 제안되었다. 그러나, 기존의 시스템들은 서버를 통한 중앙 집중적인 공유공간(shared space) 구조를 가지고 있으므로 서버의 실패(crash)나 네트워크의 분할(partition)과 같은 전산망의 결함이 발생하였을 경우 지속적인 서비스를 제공할 수 없게 된다. 본 논문에서는 특정 목적에 따라 그룹화된 공유공간의 생성이 가능하고 객체를 관련노드에 중복(replication)해서 저장할 수 있는 튜플스페이스 시스템인 ObjectSpace의 설계 및 구현에 대하여 설명한다. ObjectSpace는 객체를 공유하기 위하여 공유공간에 객체를 저장하는 기능과 공유된 객체를 조회하는 기능을 제공한다. 중복된 객체들에 대하여 일관성을 유지하기 위하여 그룹을 지원하는 JACE 그룹통신시스템을 하부구조로 사용하여 구현하였다.