• THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
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• v.24
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• pp.107-125
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• 2004

This study is based on the survey data of 74 Korean multinational corporations, which undertook foreign direct investments from 1980 to 1996. The study examined the firm-specific as well as the host country-specific factors affecting the decision between shared and full ownership. According to the results of this study, as for the firm-specific factors, Korean firms entering foreign markets in order to penetrate local markets prefer shared ownership while those pursuing core business diversification prefer full ownership. As for the host country factors, the more advanced the host country(such as OECD countries) is, the more preference is given to full ownership.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.275-284
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• 2021

In this paper, we study whether customizing at the self-driving shared vehicle boarding stage can satisfy ownership satisfaction. To this end, a preliminary survey was conducted on the general public on the factors of satisfaction/uncomfortable in the current shared vehicle use along with a prior research survey. Subsequently, we validate the preference for customizing elements and their impact on ownership satisfaction through CVT. Pre-investigation has shown that olfactory and interaction elements give greater satisfaction to ownership satisfaction, and CVT results show that the customizing of boarding elements will enable the satisfaction of ownership satisfaction.

• Korean small business review
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• v.43 no.3
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• pp.43-73
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• 2021

The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of the collective psychological ownership (CPO) of the board of directors of cooperatives on organizational performance, and to find out the mediator effect of shared leadership between CPO and organizational performance. In this study, we collected a data set of the survey of 453 directors from 78 local consumer cooperatives of iCOOP Korea. The study found that the CPO of the board of directors of consumer cooperatives had a positive impact on the social performance and activity performance of the organization. More importantly, the mediator effect of shared leadership between CPO and performance was statistically significant. These results suggest that strengthening CPO on the board is necessary for the performance of co-operatives, and that shared leadership is an important medium for linking CPO to performance.

• Land and Housing Review
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.361-370
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• 2013

The purpose of this paper is to appraise Bogeumzari Housing Program(BHP) which is providing public housing of different types for the target brackets on a matching system basis. Especially, on government's announcing BHP plan with the designation of several Bogeumzari districts in Seoul Metropolitan area, they raised a question about target groups' receiving the benefits of BHP plan and this paper focuses on the question. We tried to analyze two topics. First one is about the exorbitant windfall profits to the future potential residents derived from low price or rental cost of Bogeumzari Housing in comparison with neighborhood's market price. Second one is the low possibility of low-moderate income household's access to absolutely high price Bogeumzari Housing that is because the market price is so high in some area. BHP includes not only long-term public rental hosing(Permeant rental housing, National rental housing) for low income households but also other types of public rental housing(10-year rental housing, shared-ownership rental housing) for moderate income households. So, in this study we tried to find out the affordability of each bracket in three public housing types, which are public sales housing(condominium), 10-year rental housing and shared-ownership rental housing. Through analyzing the housing affordability by types, regions, size, we tried to seek the answer to the controversy and propose policy implications related to the future public housing programs.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.27 no.11
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• pp.1-11
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• 2022

In this paper, we propose an NFT(Non-Fungible Token)-based access control method for safely sharing data between users in blockchain environment. Since all data stored in the blockchain can be accessed by anyone due to the nature of the technology, it is necessary to control access except for authorized users when sharing sensitive data. For that, we generate each data as NFT and controls access to the data through the smart contract. In addition, in order to overcome the limitations of single ownership of the existing NFT, we separated the NFT into ownership and use rights, so that data can be safely shared between users. Ownership is represented as an original NFT, use rights is represented as a copied NFT, and all data generated as NFT is encrypted and uploaded, so data can be shared only through the smart contract with access control. To verify this approach, we set up a hypothetical scenario called Building Information Modeling (BIM) data trade, and deployed a smart contract that satisfies 32 function call scenarios that require access control. Also, we evaluated the stability in consideration of the possibility of decryption through brute-force attack. Through our approach, we confirmed that the data can be safely shared between users in blockchain environment.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.26 no.11
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• pp.75-84
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• 2021

In this paper, we propose an adaptive concurrency control scheme to reduce conflicts and working time in the cooperative work in mixed reality. To this ends, we first classified the goals, tasks and ownerships of the cooperative work. Then, the classified relationships are mapped according to their temporal and hierarchical relationships of shared object manipulation in the cooperative work. The proposed system provides adaptive concurrency controls of the shared object according to temporal orders of the sub-goals. With the proposed scheme, a participant is enable to move and rotate a shared object although another already has an ownership of the shared object in a specific order of the sub-goal. Thus, the proposed system provides adaptive and realistic cooperative working environment. We conducted a user study of the proposed scheme. The proposed system could reduce conflicts and working times comparing to conventional approaches.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.93-102
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• 2008

In Korea, a movement for forming intentional communities is gathering people's interests to improve individualistic living environment, and to create a humanistic lifestyle. However, it is difficult to say if its management is successful or not, because intentional community is just in the experimental stage in Korea. The purpose of this study is to identify actual condition of residents' participation in forming process, shared activities in their daily lives, residents' regulation, common facilities and its management in order to offer basic information for revitalization of intentional communities in Korea. 7 intentional communities including eco-friendly villages, religious communities and a cooperative housing community were collected as the study objects. Upon analysis, those communities were divided into two groups according to their purpose of establishment; "HC (Housing-life focused Community includes cooperative housing community and eco-friendly community)" and "IC (Ideology focused Community includes ideology community and religious community)" in order to identify difference in residents' participation between the two groups. In-dept interviews with representatives of 7 intentional communities by a structured questionnaire were used as study method. The findings of this study are as follows; In general, more active residents' participation is identified in ICs than in HCs. There is no common house, which is considered as essential in intentional community, in HCs, while it was facilitated in all ICs. Role of leader seems more important in ICs than in HCs. About the ownership of housing and land, private owned is common in HCs, while community owned is common in ICs. Shared activities and residents' regulations are evidently less in most HCs than in ICs. Furthermore, in order to run a community sustainable, it is crucial to encourage sense of community among residents, and developing common house and activity programs. Common house design, which can promote proactive residents' participation in shared activity should be studied fitted to Korean circumstances. Above all, proactive participation in the shared activities is one of the most important factors in intentional community.

• Journal of Contemporary Eastern Asia
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.68-93
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• 2018

With the emergence of partnerships with private actors in public and cultural diplomacies, complexity in the relations among the various stakeholders involved has arisen, and yet the relevant research is insufficient to shed any beneficial light on such issues. By looking at public-private partnerships, the present study determined that resource dependence, trust, and risk are the main factors affecting the feasibility of partnerships, and inductively developed propositions on their effects. In an explorative case study, Germany (decentralized mode of governance) and South Korea (centralized mode of governance) were compared as exemplary contrasting system designs. The results revealed that risk and trust are likely to affect the feasibility of partnerships, whereas resource dependence is not. The following additional findings also were made: (1) there are cultural actors in a 'for profit, but with non-profit purposes' sector; (2) an interpersonal level of trust positively affects partnerships; (3) 'taking risks' brings about 'innovation'; (4) the existence of international commonalities between any two cases depending on the actors' shared role, whether public or private; (5) public actors' emphasis on mutual trust, program budget and execution, innovations coming from taking risks, commitment and ownership, and unexpected situations; (6) private actors' consideration of 'publicness' and grant-seeking or financial support as important incentives, and their desire that public actors to show more trust, professionalism, and ownership with less control over budget execution. With its qualitative approach and in-depth analysis, the present study yielded new insights, notwithstanding the relatively small sample data.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.273-283
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• 2024

The digital domain has witnessed unprecedented growth, reshaping the way we interact, work, and even perceive reality. The internet has evolved into a vast ecosystem of interconnected virtual worlds, giving birth to the concept of the Metaverse. The Metaverse, often envisioned as a collective virtual shared space, is created by the convergence of virtually enhanced physical reality and interactive digital spaces. Within this Metaverse space, the concept of ownership, identity, and authenticity takes on new dimensions, necessitating innovative solutions to safeguard individual rights. The digital transformation through Metaverse has also brought forth challenges, especially in copyright protection. As the lines between the virtual and physical blur, the traditional notions of ownership and rights are being tested. The Metaverse, with its multitude of user-generated content, poses unique challenges. The primary objective of this research is multifaceted. Firstly, there's a pressing need to understand the strategies employed by non-fungible token (NFT) marketplaces within the Metaverse to strengthen security and prevent copyright violations. As these platforms become centers for digital transactions, ensuring the authenticity and security of each trade becomes paramount. Secondly, the study aims to delve deep into the foundational technologies underpinning NFTs, from the workings of blockchain to the mechanics of smart contracts, to understand how they collectively ensure copyright protection. Thus, in this paper, we propose a quantum based NFT solution that can secure Metaverse and copyright contents in an advanced manner.

• 한국디지털정책학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2004.11a
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• pp.435-448
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• 2004

While Internet promises ubiquitous access, it also creates a fundamental challenge to the traditional ownership toward digital assets traded in e-commerce market. Sharing digital information freely through shared networks leads to many untapped business opportunities, but uncontrolled digital asset transaction undermines many electronic business models. Thus, in this Internet age, proper protection and safe delivery of Intellectual Property (IP) and its representation as digital assets would be a crucial ingredient of building trust in upcoming e-business environment. In this paper, we give a general structural diagram of Intellectual Property Management and Protection (IPMP) and implement an IPMP prototype based on the RSA encryption algorithm and XrML (eXtensible rights Markup Language) WORK tags to show how proper protection and safe delivery of the intellectual property is achieved. This study concludes that IPMP mechanism may contribute significantly to the volume and quality of e-commerce market.