• Title/Summary/Keyword: Shannon entropy

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An Efficiency Analysis of Supply Chain Quality Management Using the Multi-stage DEA Model: Focused on the Domestic Defense Industry Companies (다단계 DEA 모형을 활용한 공급망 품질경영 효율성 분석: 국내 방산업체를 대상으로)

  • Jeon, Gyeryong;Yoo, Hanjoo
    • Journal of Korean Society for Quality Management
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    • v.47 no.1
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    • pp.163-186
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    • 2019
  • Purpose: The purpose of this study was to present a methodology for assessing the efficiency of supply chain quality management considering characteristics of defense industries to provide academic and policy implications for strengthening quality competitiveness of military supplies. Methods: Using the defense industry's empirical data, conduct an efficiency evaluation by utilizing a multi-stage DEA/Entropy Model for defense industries subject to the quality level survey of military goods manufacturers in 2017. Results: The results of this study are as follows; the first step of the multi-stage DEA model, Quality Management Performance Efficiency Analysis, shows that the CCR model and the BCC model are more efficient than the parent company. the second stage of the multi-stage DEA model showed that the CCR model was slightly more efficient than the parent company and the BCC model was more efficient than the parent.the overall efficiency value of the multistage DEA model, calculated by multipointing the efficiency value of the first stage by the second stage, was more efficient than the parent. Conclusion: The results of this study show that the efficiency of supply chian quality management performance and profitability in the defense industry can be analyzed for the first time using the multistage DEA/Entropy model to identify specific inefficiencies and support objective decision making.

Diversity and Genotypic Structure of ECOR Collection Determined by Repetitive Extragenic Palindromic PCR Genome Fingerprinting

  • HWANG KEUM-OK;JANG HYO-MI;CHO JAE-CHANG
    • Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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    • v.15 no.3
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    • pp.672-677
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    • 2005
  • The standard reference collection of strains for E. coli, the ECOR collection, was analyzed by a genome-based typing method. Seventy-one ECOR strains were subjected to repetitive extragenic palindromic PCR genome fingerprinting with BOX primers (BOX-PCR). Using a similarity value of 0.8 or more after cluster analysis of BOX-PCR fingerprinting patterns to define the same genotypes, we identified 28 genotypes in the ECOR collection. Shannon's entropy-based diversity index was 3.07, and the incident-based coverage estimator indicated potentially 420 genotypes among E. coli populations. Chi-square test of goodness-of-fit showed statistically significant association between the genotypes defined by BOX-PCR fingerprinting and the groups previously defined by multi-locus enzyme electrophoresis. This study suggests that the diversification of E. coli strains in natural populations is actively ongoing, and rep-PCR fingerprinting is a convenient and reliable method to type E. coli strains for the purposes ranging from ecology to quarantine.ine.

A study on capability evaluation and machine selection in RP processes (쾌속 조형 공정의 성능 평가 및 선정에 관한 연구)

  • 신행재;변홍석;이관행
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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    • 2001.04a
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    • pp.37-40
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    • 2001
  • This paper describes the selection and evaluation of RP processes. Major rapid prototyping processes such as SLS, SLA, FDM and LOM, which are wide spread in use are selected. A test part, which includes various primitives, is designed in order to evaluate these RP processes. Measurement of the test part is automated by using a CMN program. To visualize and analyze measured data, Microsoft Access and Visual C++ are used. Also, from measured data obtained, TOPSIS, one of the decision making methods, and Shannon Entropy is used to select an appropriate RP process for specific application.

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MEASURE OF DEPARTURE FROM QUASI-SYMMETRY AND BRADLEY-TERRY MODELS FOR SQUARE CONTINGENCY TABLES WITH NOMINAL CATEGORIES

  • Kouji Tahata;Nobuko Miyamoto;Sadao Tomizawa
    • Journal of the Korean Statistical Society
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    • v.33 no.1
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    • pp.129-147
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    • 2004
  • For square contingency tables with nominal categories, this paper proposes a measure to represent the degree of departure from the quasi-symmetry (QS) model and the Bradley-Terry (BT) model. The measure proposed is expressed by using the Cressie and Read (1984)'s power-divergence or Patil and Taillie (1982)'s diversity index. The measure lies between 0 and 1, and it is useful for comparing the degree of departure from QS or BT in several tables.

Generalized Measure of Departure From Global Symmetry for Square Contingency Tables with Ordered Categories

  • Tomizawa, Sadao;Saitoh, Kayo
    • Journal of the Korean Statistical Society
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    • v.27 no.3
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    • pp.289-303
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    • 1998
  • For square contingency tables with ordered categories, Tomizawa (1995) considered two kinds of measures to represent the degree of departure from global symmetry, which means that the probability that an observation will fall in one of cells in the upper-right triangle of square table is equal to the probability that the observation falls in one of cells in the lower-left triangle of it. This paper proposes a generalization of those measures. The proposed measure is expressed by using Cressie and Read's (1984) power divergence or Patil and Taillie's (1982) diversity index. Special cases of the proposed measure include TomiBawa's measures. The proposed measure would be useful for comparing the degree of departure from global symmetry in several tables.

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Linear Corrector Overcoming Minimum Distance Limitation for Secure TRNG from (17, 9, 5) Quadratic Residue Code

  • Kim, Young-Sik;Jang, Ji-Woong;Lim, Dae-Woon
    • ETRI Journal
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    • v.32 no.1
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    • pp.93-101
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    • 2010
  • A true random number generator (TRNG) is widely used to generate secure random numbers for encryption, digital signatures, authentication, and so on in crypto-systems. Since TRNG is vulnerable to environmental changes, a deterministic function is normally used to reduce bias and improve the statistical properties of the TRNG output. In this paper, we propose a linear corrector for secure TRNG. The performance of a linear corrector is bounded by the minimum distance of the corresponding linear error correcting code. However, we show that it is possible to construct a linear corrector overcoming the minimum distance limitation. The proposed linear corrector shows better performance in terms of removing bias in that it can enlarge the acceptable bias range of the raw TRNG output. Moreover, it is possible to efficiently implement this linear corrector using only XOR gates, which must have a suitable hardware size for embedded security systems.

A Study on measuring techniques of retrieval effectiveness (검색효율 측정척도에 관한 연구)

  • Yoon Koo Ho
    • Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science
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    • v.16
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    • pp.177-205
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    • 1989
  • Retrieval effectiveness is the principal criteria for measuring the performance of an information retrieval system. This paper deals with the characteristics of 'relevance' of information and various measuring techniques of retrieval effectivess. The outlines of this study are as follows: 1) Relevance decision for evaluation should be devided into the user-oriented and the system-oriented decisions. 2) The recall-precision measure seems to be user-oriented, and the recall-fallout measure to be system-oriented. 3) Many of composite measures can not be justified III any rational manner unfortunately. 4) The Swets model has demonstrated that it yields, in general, a straight line instead of a curve of varying curvature and emphasized the fundamentally probabilistic nature of information retrieval. 5) The Cooper model seems to be a good substitute for precision and a useful measure for systems which ranked documents. 6) The Rocchio model were proposed for the evaluation of retreval systems which ranked documents, and were designed to be independent of cut-off. 7) The Cawkell model suggested that the Shannon's equation for entropy can be applied to measuring of retrieval effectiveness.

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Generation of Finite Inductive, Pseudo Random, Binary Sequences

  • Fisher, Paul;Aljohani, Nawaf;Baek, Jinsuk
    • Journal of Information Processing Systems
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    • v.13 no.6
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    • pp.1554-1574
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    • 2017
  • This paper introduces a new type of determining factor for Pseudo Random Strings (PRS). This classification depends upon a mathematical property called Finite Induction (FI). FI is similar to a Markov Model in that it presents a model of the sequence under consideration and determines the generating rules for this sequence. If these rules obey certain criteria, then we call the sequence generating these rules FI a PRS. We also consider the relationship of these kinds of PRS's to Good/deBruijn graphs and Linear Feedback Shift Registers (LFSR). We show that binary sequences from these special graphs have the FI property. We also show how such FI PRS's can be generated without consideration of the Hamiltonian cycles of the Good/deBruijn graphs. The FI PRS's also have maximum Shannon entropy, while sequences from LFSR's do not, nor are such sequences FI random.

A study on the performance improvement of learning based on consistency regularization and unlabeled data augmentation (일치성규칙과 목표값이 없는 데이터 증대를 이용하는 학습의 성능 향상 방법에 관한 연구)

  • Kim, Hyunwoong;Seok, Kyungha
    • The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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    • v.34 no.2
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    • pp.167-175
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    • 2021
  • Semi-supervised learning uses both labeled data and unlabeled data. Recently consistency regularization is very popular in semi-supervised learning. Unsupervised data augmentation (UDA) that uses unlabeled data augmentation is also based on the consistency regularization. The Kullback-Leibler divergence is used for the loss of unlabeled data and cross-entropy for the loss of labeled data through UDA learning. UDA uses techniques such as training signal annealing (TSA) and confidence-based masking to promote performance. In this study, we propose to use Jensen-Shannon divergence instead of Kullback-Leibler divergence, reverse-TSA and not to use confidence-based masking for performance improvement. Through experiment, we show that the proposed technique yields better performance than those of UDA.

A Revised Benefit-Cost Analysis of the Korean TUR Program (우리나라 고독성물질 사용저감 규제의 수정 편익-비용분석)

  • Yoon, Daniel Jongsoo;Byun, Hun-Soo
    • Clean Technology
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    • v.26 no.3
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    • pp.168-176
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    • 2020
  • The introduction of the Korea toxics use reduction (TUR) program to build a clean society is generally evaluated based on social economic criteria. Among various techniques, benefit-cost analysis is the most commonly used. This method is focused on the calculation and comparison of all the benefits and costs attributable to the TUR program. However, since it is reasonable to consider not only economic criteria but also policy criteria in the process of evaluation, it is necessary to reflect on the criteria weights found in the benefits and costs. This study aims at developing a new evaluation technique to achieve this purpose and apply it to the Korean TUR program to be implemented in 2020. This study selected competitiveness, toxic substances' emission reduction ratio, and health improvement as policy criteria. The Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) technique was initially used to calculate the weight and then, based on the results, the concept of information entropy introduced by Claude Shannon was used to eliminate subjective bias. As a result of the study, it was found that the revised benefit-cost analysis considering the weights of the policy criteria, as well as the existing economic criteria, could be a reasonable alternative in evaluating the feasibility of TUR regulations for highly toxic substances.