• 한국작물학회지
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• 제54권4호
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• pp.397-406
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• 2009

인삼의 해가림구조에서 차광판 및 차광망의 차광재료 차이에 따른 인삼 재배포의 광량 및 미기상 반응과 광수용체로 작용하는 엽록소 함량의 변화를 조사하여 인삼생육에 적합한 해가림 차광재료의 표준화를 위한 기초 자료를 제공하고자 한 본 연구의 결과를 요약하면 아래와 같다. 1. 차광재료에 따라 맑은 날의 광량은 차광판이 차광망에 비해 70 ~ 76%, 흐린 날은 77 ~ 82% 수준으로 감소되는 양상을 나타내었다. 2. 두둑위치 중 전주의 경우는 하루 총 누적광량에 대비해 맑은 날의 경우 39% 수준, 흐린 날의 경우 51% 누적광량이 높은 양상을 나타내며, 중앙 및 후주행은 맑은 날 및 흐린 날 구분 없이 모두 하루 총 누적광량에 비해 낮은 양상을 나타내므로, 두둑위치에 따른 누적광량의 차이가 분명하였으며, 차광재료에 관계없이 두둑위치에 따라서는 전주 > 중앙 > 후주행의 순으로 광량이 낮아지는 양상을 나타내었다. 3. 차광재료에 따라 차광망이 차광판에 비하여 높은 온도를 유지하였고, 두둑위치에 따라 차광망이 차광판 보다 $1.9{\sim}3.1^{\circ}C$ 높은 양상을 나타내었다. 4. 차광재료별 맑은 날의 평균 누적온도는 외부온도 대비차광판의 경우 7.3% 감소하는 양상을 나타내었으나, 차광망의 경우 0.7% 증가되는 양상을 나타내었고, 흐린 날의 평균 누적온도는 차광판의 경우 0.7% 감소하는 양상을, 차광망의 경우 1.6% 증가하는 양상을 보였다. 5. 차광재료에 따른 두둑위치별 일일 누적온도의 차이를 비교해 보면 차광망이 차광판에 비해 맑은 날의 경우 전주, 중간 및 후주행이 각각 7.0, 7.8 및 8.8% 높은 양상을 나타내고, 흐린 날의 경우 각각 1.7, 1.6 및 3.5% 높은 양상을 나타내어 두둑위치에 관계없이 차광판이 차광망에 비해 온도가 낮은 양상을 나타내었다. 6. 엽록소 SPAD 값은 전주와 중앙의 두둑위치에서는 차광판이 차광망에 비하여 높게 나타났고 후주에서는 차이가 없었다.

• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제49권1호
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• pp.73-79
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• 2011

연구 목적: 각각 다른 방법으로 색조를 부여한 세 가지 지르코니아 전부도재관에서 반복소성이 전부도재관의 색조에 미치는 영향을 비교, 관찰하였다. 연구 재료 및 방법: 지르코니아 코어를 세가지 방법으로 착색(KW군: Masking liner를 사용하여 하부 코어색 차단, KI군: 지르코니아 코어를 금속 산화물 용액에 침전시켜 착색, NM군: 지르코니아 코어를 고온에서 소결하기 전에 금속산화물과 혼합하여 착색)하여 원반형 시편을 제작하였다. 지르코니아 코어 상방에 A3 색조의 상아질 도재를 소성하고 3, 5, 7회 반복소성 후 $L^*a^*b^*$ 값을 측정하여 비교하고 다른 두 가지 색의 3차원 공간에서의 거리를 나타내는 색차방정식을 이용하여 분석하였다. 측정된 결과는 반복측정 (repeated-measures ANOVA) 분석법과 Tukey 다중범위 검증법을 사용하여 소성횟수에 따른 색조변화를 유의수준 5%에서 검정하였다. 결과: 1. 모든 실험군에서 반복소성에 따른 $L^*a^*b^*$값의 변화가 관찰되었다 (P< .001). 2. 반복소성으로 $L^*$값과 $a^*$값 (KI군제외)은 감소하고 $b^*$값은 증가하는 경향을 보였다. 3. ${\Delta}E$값이 1이상 나타난 반복소성횟수는 KW군과 KI군은 3회 그리고NM군은 7회였다. 4. 7회 반복소성 후 ${\Delta}E$값은 KI군 (${\Delta}E$ = 2.26), KW군 (${\Delta}E$ = 1.47) 그리고 NM군 (${\Delta}E$ = 1.08) 순으로 높게 나타났다 (P< .001). 결론: 반복소성이 지르코니아 코어 색조를 부여방법에 따라 전부도재관의 색조에 미치는 영향을 끼쳤다.

• 신재생에너지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.37-43
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• 2005

High-efficiency silicon solar cells have potential applications on mobile electronics and electrical vehicles. The fabrication processes of the high efficiency cells necessitate com placated fabrication precesses and expensive materials. Ti/Pd/Ag metal contact has been used only for limited area In spite of good stability and low contact resistance because of Its expensive material cost and precesses. Screen printed contact formed by Ag paste causes a low fill factor and a high shading loss of commercial solar cells because of high contact resistance and a low aspect ratio. Low cost Ni/Cu metal contact has been formed by using a low cost electroless and electroplating. Nickel silicide formation at the interface enhances stability and reduces the contact resistance resulting In an energy conversion efficiency of $20.2\%\;on\;0.50{\Omega}cm$ FZ wafer. Tapered contact structure has been applied to large area solar cells with $6.7\times6.7cm^2$ in order to reduce power losses by the front contact The tapered front metal contact Is easily formed by the electroplating technique producing $45cm^2$ solar cells with an efficiency of $21.4\%$ on $21.4\%\;on\;2{\Omega}cm$ FZ wafer.

• 한국태양에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국태양에너지학회 2008년도 춘계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.263-268
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• 2008

Building Integrated PV(BIPV) is one of the best fascinating PV application technologies. To apply PV module in building, various factors should be reflected such as installation position, shading, temperature, and so on. Especially a temperature should be considered, for it affects both electrical efficiency of a PV module and heating/cooling load in a building. This study investigates a semitransparent PV module that is designed as finished material for windows. Therefore it needs to considerate about the optical characteristics of the transparent module. It reports the effect of thermal and optical characteristics of the PV module on generation performance. The study was performed by measuring sun spectrum and luminance through the PV modules and by monitoring the temperature and experiment. The results showed that 1 degree temperature rise reduced about 0.48% of output power.

• 고려인삼학회:학술대회논문집
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• 고려인삼학회 1987년도 Proceedings of Korea-Japan Panax Ginseng Symposium 1987 Seoul Korea
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• pp.89-107
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• 1987

For the elucidation of significance of saponin as quality criterion of ginseng ginsenoside content(GC) and ginsenoside pattern similarity(GPS) by simple correlation were investigated in relation to red ginseng quality factors, age, plant part, harvest season, mineral nutrition, soil physical characteristics, growth light and temperature, shading material, growth location, physiological disease and crop stand through survey of ginseng plantstions, field experiments, water culture and phytotron experiments. Effect of tissue culture was also reviewed. GC was negatively correlated with good quality of red ·ginseng and positively with bad quality. Age did not show any consistency with GC but GPS was less with the increase of age difference. GPS was less or not significant between taproot that is lowest in GC and epidermis highest, and significant between leaf and taproot. Harvest season marked with the lowest GC and Pattern was also different. Nutrient imbalance, the increase of hazardous soil nutrient and physical condition to growth increased GC, but GPS was little different. The higher the growth lights intensity and temperature the higher the GC but GPS was little changed. Root rust increased GC, but root scab decreased it. Sponge-like and inside cavity phenomena increased GC. Ginsenoside pattern of cultured tissues and rootlet showed great variation. These results strongly indicate that there are optimum saponin content and ginsenoside pattern and that these are accomplished under the optimum growth condition.

• 한국태양에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국태양에너지학회 2009년도 추계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.155-160
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• 2009

The increasingly high prices for oil, the exhaustion of fossil fuels as well as concern about global warming are driving rapid growth of alternative sources of energy in the world. The active solution for global environment and exhaustion of energy sources is to develop and popularize the technologies to use natural energy such as sunlight, wind, and water. PV(Photovoltaic) modules are efficient devices that has been considered a logical material for use in buildings. Recent advanced BIPV(Building Integrated PV) technology have rapidly made PVs suitable for direct integration into construction in the world. Recently, building has been higher and higher. Tall buildings have many advantages for BIPV such as wide facade area and no shading effect by the surrounding buildings. However. BIPV has not been applied for tall building facade yet. Therefore, the purpose of the research is to develop suitable BIPV for tall buildings and to put these technologies to practical use. Therefore, the purpose of the study is to investigate unification of BIPV to curtain wall to apply BIPV on tall building through research into advanced application of overseas BIPV cases.

• 한국가구학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.224-232
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• 2017

Building energy saving have been put effort in a long time since buildings consume about 40.6% of total energy use, where heating, cooling and electrical lighting requirement results in energy consumption of building significantly. The window is an important part of building envelope, it usually brings a certain heat load from solar radiation while it allows light passing through, and properly leads to overheating in summer, hence the cooling load increase sand cause of thermal uncomfortable factor. The purpose of this study was to evaluate internal shade performance according to color and materials. There is growing interest in improving the sense of comfort among students who spend most of their time in the classroom. The study examined thermal environment and light environmental performance according to the color and materials of internal blinds to the school classroom. The results of this study were as follows; Among wooden blinds, aluminium blinds, and polyester blinds, the aluminium blinds were most excellent. In addition, among white blinds, light brown blinds, dark brown blinds, the light brown were most excellent.

• 한국BIM학회 논문집
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.54-59
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• 2021

In the process of designing a building, the process of expressing the designer's ideas through images is essential. However, it is expensive and time consuming for a designer to analyze every individual case image to generate a hypothetical design. This study aims to visualize the basic design draft sketch made by the designer as a real image using the Generative Adversarial Network (GAN) based on the continuously accumulated architectural case images. Through this, we proposed a method to build an automated visualization environment using artificial intelligence and to visualize the architectural idea conceived by the designer in the architectural planning stage faster and cheaper than in the past. This study was conducted using approximately 20,000 images. In our study, the GAN algorithm allowed us to represent primary materials and shades within 2 seconds, but lacked accuracy in material and shading representation. We plan to add image data in the future to address this in a follow-up study.

• 한국태양에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국태양에너지학회 2009년도 춘계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.225-229
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• 2009

The front metal contact is one of the most important element influences in efficiency in the silicon solar cell. First of all selective of the material and formation method is important in metal contacts. Commercial solar cells with screen-printed contacts formed by using Ag paste process is simple relatively and mass production is easy. But it suffer from a low fill factor and a high shading loss because of high contact resistance. Besides Ag paste too expensive. because of depends income. This paper applied for Ni/Cu metallization replace for paste of screen printing front metal contact. Low cost Ni and Cu metal contacts have been formed by using electroless plating and electroplating techniques to replace the screen-printed Ag contacts. Ni has been proposed as a suitable silicide for the salicidation process and is expected to replace conventional silicides. Copper is a promising material for the electrical contacts in solar cells in terms of conductivity and cost. In experiments Ni/Cu metal contact applied same grid formation of screen-printed solar cell. And it has variation of different grid spacing. It was verified that the wide spacing of grid finger could increase the series resistance also the narrow spacing of grid finger also implies a grid with a higher density of grid fingers. Through different grid spacing found alteration of efficiency.

• 한국태양에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국태양에너지학회 2008년도 춘계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.196-202
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• 2008

Effective climate protection is a most important tasks of our time. The BIPV is one of the most interesting and promisingly possibilities of an active use of solar energy at the building. In this study it was analyzed by the case study the function of the requirement of the BIPV-module as building material and this architectural characteristic according to the kind of the module. Therefore the goal of this study is to get securing the application information of BIPV as windowpane. BIPV modules are manufactured in the form of G/G. In the case of the crystal type the Transparent and the light Transmission is to be adjusted by the spacer attitude of the cell. Although this type could not be optimal for light effect of indoors because of the inequality of shade, the moving shade play makes a dramatic Roomimage by the run of sun. The application of this type would be for canopy, window or roof in the corridor or resounds. With amorphous the type it is to be manufactured simply largely laminar, and thus that will shorten building process. There is a relatively good economy to use and to the window system easily. After the production technology is easy the transparency of the modules to adjust, and the module shows to a high degree constant characteristics of light permeability and transparency. Without mottle of module shade is good the use for the window or roof glazing of office, library, classroom, etc. to adapt. The BIPV modules took generally speaking a function as building material to the daylight use, shading, isolation and also to the sight. That means that BIPV modules have as multifunctional system to sustainable architecture good successes and they are at the same time as Design element for architecture effectively.