• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제53권2호
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• pp.53-57
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• 2020

Background: Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) lobectomy has become the major surgical option for the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Endoscopic instruments such as stapler cartridges are essential for VATS procedures. In this study, we investigated the factors that affect the number of stapler cartridges used in VATS lobectomy. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted of patients who underwent complete VATS lobectomy for NSCLC from January 2013 to December 2015. Results: In total, 596 patients underwent complete VATS lobectomy. The average number of stapler cartridges used for VATS lobectomy was 5.3±1.9. The number of stapler cartridges used for VATS lobectomy was higher in men (5.5±1.9 vs. 5.0±18, p=0.006), those aged older than 70 years (5.5±2.1 vs. 5.1±1.7, p=0.038), those who underwent upper or middle lobectomy procedures (5.7±1.9 vs. 4.1±1.2, p<0.001), those with a higher fissure sum average (p<0.001), and those in whom surgery was performed by a surgeon with a preference for staplers (5.6±2.0 vs. 4.9±1.6, p<0.001). Conclusion: The number of stapler cartridges required to perform VATS lobectomy in NSCLC patients appears to be influenced by sex, age, the location of the tumor, the degree of fissure development, and the surgeon's preference.

• 한국인터넷방송통신학회논문지
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.149-154
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• 2015

본 논문은 안정된 결혼문제의 최적해를 쉽고 빠르게 찾는 알고리즘을 제안하였다. 첫 번째로, 남성의 여성 선호도와 여성의 남성 선호도 합 $p_{ij}$의 $n{\times}n$ 정방행렬로 변환시킨다. 두 번째로, 행렬에서 최대 반감도 (최악의 선호도)인 최대값 $_{max}p_{ij}$를 행 또는 열의 개수가 1개 ($|r_i|=1$ or $|c_j|=1$)가 존재할 때까지 삭제한다. 만약, $|r_i|=1$ or $|c_j|=1$이면 선택하고, 선택된 $p_{ij}$의 행 또는 열 값을 삭제한다. 이 과정을 ${\forall}(|r_i|=1{\cap}|c_j|=1)$가 될 때까지 반복 수행한다. 제안된 알고리즘을 7개의 안정된 결혼문제에 적용한 결과 간단하면서도 기존 알고리즘의 해를 개선하는 효과를 얻었다.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.849-854
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• 1985

We have experienced 50 cases of mediastinal tumors and cysts from March, 1979 to August, 1985 at Kyung Hee University Hospital. The results of this cases analysis were as followings; 1. Of all 50 mediastinal tumors and cysts, 26 patients were male and 24 patients were female. There was no sex preference. The age distribution was from 27 months to 64 years, and mean age was 33.5 years old, and also no age preference. 2. The most common mediastinal tumor was benign cysts [12 cases], which comprise 24% of all mediastinal tumors and cysts. The second common mediastinal tumor was teratoma [9 cases-18%], and followed by thymic tumors and tuberculous granuloma [7 cases-14% each], neurogenic tumors [5 cases-10%], and other tumors [10 cases-20%]. 3. The anterior mediastinum was most common tumor location, and followed by middle, superior, and posterior. 4. All 9 teratomas were developed at anterior mediastinum, and 4 of 5 neurogenic tumors were developed at posterior mediastinum. Thymomas were developed at anterior and superior mediastinum. The bronchogenic cysts had no predilection of location. 5. The most common chief complaint at admission was chest pain or discomfort [23 cases-46%], and followed by cough with or without sputum, and exertional dyspnea. Asymptomatic patients were only 7 patients [24%]. 6. Of all 50 cases, 38 cases [76%] received radical tumor resection, 7 mediastinoscopic biopsy, 3 explo thoracotomy and biopsy, and 1 neck mass biopsy. 7. There were 2 hospital deaths, one of which was a patient who suffered malignant thymoma and Myasthenia Gravis. The patient received radical tumor excision, but died at 7th POD. The other patient was a patient with malignant transformation of the benign cystic teratoma. The operative mortality was 4%.

• 복식문화연구
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.42-54
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• 2014

This research used an experimental design in an effort to assess the influence of brand gender and salespeople on the attitudes toward brands according to the males' gender identity traits. The study used a three-way split-plot experimental design, and data were analyzed by t-tests, and ANOVA. The subject of this research was men in their 20s and 30s, and a total of 178 people were selected through convenience- sampling. The findings are as follows: first, masculine male consumers preferred masculinity fashion brands; however, androgynous consumers preferred brands that reflect androgyny. Second, there were no differences in brand attitude according to the gender of the salesperson for the masculinity group, but the androgynous group estimated the brands as better when the salesperson was female. Third, there were no differences in the brand attitudes among consumers according to gender of the salesperson for the Galaxy; however, for Solid Homme, brand preference was stronger when the salesperson was a woman. Fourth, the influence of brand gender and salesperson gender on brand attitudes differed according to the gender of the consumer. Therefore, apparel companies must clearly understand the characteristics of consumer gender identity and execute proper marketing strategies in order to induce stronger positive attitudes toward their brands. Moreover, apparel companies should perceive that brand gender and the gender of the salesperson can consequently encourage brand preferences.

• 한국언론정보학보
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• 제31권
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• pp.355-378
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• 2005

이 연구는 유머 종류에 따른 유머 선호와 활용이 성별 연령별로 어떠한 차이를 보이는지 알아보았다. 이를 위해 수도권 지역 143명을 대상으로 한 설문조사 내용을 분석하였다. 분석결과 유머 종류에 따른 유머 선호와 활용에 있어서 성별로는 남성이 여성에 비해 공격적 유머를 선호하는 것으로 나타났으나 전체적으로 큰 차이는 없었다. 하지만, 연령별로는 상당히 많은 차이가 났다. 특히, 10대는 비언어적 유머를 선호하는 반면, 40대 이상은 언어적 유머를 선호하는 것으로 나타났다. 활용에 있어서는 $10{\sim}20$대를 중심으로 하는 저연령층에서 유머를 더 많이 활용하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 성별에 따른 차이보다 연령별 차이가 큰 이유에 대해 한국인의 전통적 체면 의식과 연관시켜 논의하였다.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.260-265
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• 2005

Patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) has been widely used for postoperative pain control in medical surgery parts. Conventional intramuscular analgesia (IMA) is also effective in postoperative pain control, but it has some disadvantages that depend on patients' perception of pain and the anxiety that they endure caused by the delay of the injection time. This study was conducted to assess the efficacy and postoperative outcomes of intravenous PCA compared to IMA injections in 36 patients (BSSRO). Three factors were compared: amount of pain in PCA and IMA group ; amount of pain according to the sex in PCA and IMA group and the amount of pain according to the analgesia use. Results of this study did not demonstrate a statistically significant difference in any of these, using a p value of 0.05. The results of this study were as follows. : 1. There was no statistically significant difference in VAS pain score between IMA group and PCA group. 2. There was no statistically significant difference according to the sex. 3. There was no statistically significant difference according to the amount of PCA. The history of PCA is about 30 years and many literatures have reported about its effects, complications, methods, advantages and disadvantages. So, this study has some limitations of small sample size to conclude the effects of PCA. But when the decision about the method for postoperative pain control has to be made, it should be made based on patient or physician preference and cost factors rather than on the trend.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.563-580
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• 1974

A Study of the Emotionality of Child and Mother The purpose of this study is primarily to understand the emotional climate of child and mother, which is a significant factor in child study and the home life. A sample was collected from a total of 1,592 of whom 796 are elementary school children with their mothers. Of these 796 children 440 are fom private schools, 190 from public schools in Seoul. The rest are taken from a farming area, 100 kilometers from Seoul. The data was basically obtained through answers to a questionaire distributed in September 1973. In this study, the cross-sectional method, percentage calculation and chi-square test are adapted from factor analysis. With this limited amount of data special attention now, the following conclusions can be drawn from this analysis although special attention should be given in making any kind of generalization about the entire population. 1) Children's emotionality (a) There is a higher percentage of emotionally well-adjusted children as opposed to maladjusted children.(51%>11%) (b) There is no correlation between children's emotionality and the following factors: grade, sex, residential area, school records, and educational level of their mothers. 2) Mother's Emotionality (a) There are more mothers who consider themselves happy than unhappy.(49%>2%) On the other hand a higher percentage of mothers reported feelings of tension and insecurity as compared to those who had feelings of firm security(65%>5%) (b) There is a high correlationshionship between marital adjustment and marital happiness. In other words, the more adjusted, the happier. A high marital happiness has strong influence on the preference of sex, on children's adjustment to their friends, and their present living condition. (c) There is a close relationship between a high marital adjustment and the social development of a child: being fond of fathers, homelife, and the acquaintance with many friends. In the same way, the positive emotionality of a mother in raising her children and their school records are also important. 3) Emotional relationship between a mother and her chid There is a close bond of love and respect between a mother and her child. Moreover, a high frequence of close and open-minded communication exist between them in a family. It is evident that the emotional climate of the mother has a strong and powerful influence on her child.

• 대한한방부인과학회지
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.116-127
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• 2020

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to analyze csatisfaction with clinica1 training in the department of Korean Medicine Obstetrics and Gynecology and the related factors. Methods: All the students on the graduating class of school of Korean Medicine, Dong-Shin University must be trained for 1 year in the department of Korean Medicine Obstetrics and Gynecology according to clinical training guideline including Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE). After completing clinical training, we distributed questionaries to them about a reflex of the object of study, usefulness, difficulty, satisfaction and preference. And then, we analyzed the related factors including descriptive statistics, frequency analysis and correlation analysis by SPSS 12.0. Results: In general, a reflex of the aim of study (7.31±1.59), satisfaction with contents (7.44±1.58), and difficulty (6.13±1.34) were evaluated restectively. There is no statistically significant difference with sex. There is a statistically significant positive correlation between a reflex of the aim of study and satisfaction with contents. The primary preferences of clinical practice were Clinic Training, Ward Training, PBL (Problem Based Learning), OSCE. In OSCE, a reflex of the aim of study (7.04±1.83) and usefulness (7.02±1.97) were highly evaluated. There is no statistically significant difference with sex. The primary preferences for clinical OSCE practice were breast examination, genital examination, ultrasound scan, and pap smear. Facilities and equipment (6.84±2.01), contents of clinical training (7.29±1.83), the handout (7.20±1.98) and time scheduling (7.29±1.90) were evaluated respectively in general composition of clinical training. Conclusions: Clinical training program in the department of Korean Medicine Obstetrics and Gynecology can be highly estimated from the viewpoint of satisfaction with clinical training and the related factors.

• 수산해양기술연구
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• 제59권4호
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• pp.399-406
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• 2023

This study presents an analysis of bycatch data concerning Pacific white-sided dolphins (Lagenorhynchus obliquidens) along the Korean coast from 2016 to 2021. A total of 503 bycatches were examined, encompassing data on year, month, body length, sex, latitude (N), longitude (E), and fishing gear. Bycatch was the most frequent in waters with a longitude of less than 130°E, particularly in the southern coastal region at a latitude of 35.5°N, with a higher likelihood of bycatch in lower latitudes. Since 2017, a decreasing trend in bycatches has been observed. The sex distribution of bycaught dolphins showed a predominance of males (40%), followed by females (31%), with an unclassified category at 29%, though no statistically significant differences were found (p > 0.05). Seasonal analysis indicated that bycatch predominantly occurred during the winter months, with significant monthly variations (p < 0.01). Pacific white-sided dolphins were primarily ensnared in gill nets and, to a lesser extent, in stationary nets. Statistical analysis by gear type revealed a significant preference for gill nets (p < 0.001). Considering body length composition in relation to latitude, it is suggested that Pacific white-sided dolphins may utilize the southern waters of the East Sea as a potential nursery ground, though this was not confirmed at a significant level, emphasizing the need for further in-depth monitoring and ecological investigations. Given that there are approximately 27 different types of gill nets associated with the majority of bycatches, more detailed research is warranted to divide these gear types into finer subcategories for estimating bycatch relationships, ultimately leading to the development of effective conservation and management strategies.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제29권6호
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• pp.1162-1168
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• 2000

아동들의 수산식품에 대한 기호도를 조사하고 수산식품 선호도 및 섭취빈도에 영향을 미치는 요인들의 상관을 알아보기 위하여 부산시 부산진구 K초등학교의 4, 5, 6 학년 학생 및 학부모를 대상으로 설문지법을 이용하여 2000년 2월 8일부터 2월 22일까지 조사를 실시한 결과는 다음과 같다. 영양지식 점수는 남학생과 여학생간의 차이는 보이지 않았고, 영양지식과 식생활태도와의 상관관계는 남학생은 r=.162 여학생은 r=.115로 영양지식이 많을수록 식생활 태도가 유의적으로 좋은 것으로 나타났다. 김-김치-게-오징어-고등어-갈치-새우가 좋아하는 수산식품이었으며, 굴- 미더덕-젓갈류는 싫어하는 식품으로 나타났다. 수산식품의 섭취빈도에는 어린이 식생활태도, 어머니의 학력 및 어머니의 권유정도가 유의적인 영향을 미치는 변수로 나타났고, 자신의 영양 지식 및 식생활 태도, 어머니의 권유정도가 수산식품을 꼭 섭취해야한다는 생각에 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 성별이나 가족형태, 월식생활비 및 어머니의 식생활 태도에 따른 수산식품 섭취빈도의 차이는 보이지 않고 어머니의 교육수준에 따라 어린이들의 수산식품 섭취빈도에 유의적인 차이를 보였으며, 어머니의 권유도가 클수록 섭취빈도가 높은 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 성장과 건강유지에 필요한 식품을 골고루 섭취하게 할려면, 식습관 형성시기인 초등학교 학생들에게 식품과 영양에 대한 바른 영양정보를 제공하고 올바른 식생활을 유도할 수 있는 체계적인 영양교육이 활성화되어 수산식품의 섭취 필요성에 대한 인식을 고취시키고 선호도를 높일 수 있어야 할 것으로 사료된다. 동시에 균형있고 다양한 식품선택의 중요성을 인식하고 가정에서도 적절한 영양관리 및 지도가 이루어질 수 있도록 부모 영양교육 프로그램의 개발 및 실시가 병행되어야 할 것으로 생각된다.