• 한국도로학회논문집
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• 제14권5호
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• pp.101-111
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• 2012

PURPOSES: Because expressway ramps are very complex segments where diverse roadway design elements dynamically change within relatively short length, drivers on ramps are required to drive their cars carefully for safety. Especially, ramps on expressways are designed to guarantee driving at high speed so that the risk and severity of traffic accidents on expressway ramps may be higher and more deadly than other facilities on expressways. Safe deceleration maneuvers are required on off-ramps, whereas safe acceleration maneuvers are necessary on onramps. This difference in required maneuvers may contribute to dissimilar patterns and severity of traffic accidents by ramp types. Therefore, this study was aimed at developing prediction models of the severity of traffic accidents on expressway on- and off-ramps separately in order to consider dissimilar patterns and severity of traffic accidents according to types of ramps. METHODS: Four-year-long traffic accident data between 2007 and 2010 were utilized to distinguish contributing design elements in conjunction with AADT and ramp length. The prediction models were built using the negative binomial regression model consisting of the severity of traffic accident as a dependent variable and contributing design elements as in independent variables. RESULTS: The developed regression models were evaluated using the traffic accident data of the ramps which was not used in building the models by comparing actual and estimated severity of traffic accidents. Conclusively, the average prediction error rates of on-ramps and offramps were 30.5% and 30.8% respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The prediction models for the severity of traffic accidents on expressway on- and off-ramps will be useful in enhancing the safety on expressway ramps as well as developing design guidelines for expressway ramps.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.94-103
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• 2015

This study analyzes the influence factors on elderly pedestrian accident. Elderly people are easy to be badly injured by car accidents compared to younger people. Therefore, various plans and measures are required to protect elderly pedestrian from accidents. However, pedestrian accidents studies only focused on microscopic factors such as attribute of driver, pedestrian, road design. In order to prevent pedestrian accident and reduce the severity of the accident, not only microscopic factors but macroscopic variables such as urban planning and facility should be considered. In this regard, this study develops an ordered probit model introduced the characteristics of urban facility which were not considered in the previous studies. The result shows that there is higher level of accident severity in such areas as large commercial area, well-developed area with transportation infrastructure service and non-pedestrian safety zone. Thus, various and appropriate countermeasures should be prepared in order that pedestrian accident can be prevented in the areas mentioned above. In addition to the aforementioned variables, it is revealed that other variables including vehicle speed, gender and age of pedestrian, weather condition, type of vehicle, etc. partly affect the severity of pedestrian accident.

• 정신신체의학
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.28-34
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• 1998

Objective: This study was designed to evaluate the etiological factors of the PTSD(post traumatic stress disorder) by examining the relationship between severity of physical trauma and subsequent the severity of PTSD symptom in traffic accident related PTSD patients. Method: Subjects were 21 psychiatric inpatients with history of traffic accident related PTSD(DSM-IV criteria), the purpose of evaluation of mental disability and no evidence of organic brain leisons. The severity of physical trauma was assessed by McBride number of nonpsychiatric department and the presence / absence of loss of conciousness. The severity of PTSD symptom was assessed by Hovens' self rating inventory for PTSD. And then we evaluated the correlation between these two factors. And we also evaluated relationship between severity of PTSD symtom and clinical variables. Results : There were no significant relationship between McBride number of nonpsychiatric department severity and symptomatic severity(r= 0.17, p<0.05), the presence / absence of loss of conciousness and symptomatic severity(p>0.05). And significant relationship between symptomatic severity and clinical varibles such as sex, education level, marital status(p<0.05). Conclusions : These data did not support data of previous studies that traumatic severity was correlated with symptom severity but, suggested that other variables affecting the severity of PTSD symptom is more important indirectly. And that the 'trauma' in PTSD is psychological meaning rather than physical meaning is also suggested.

• 자동차안전학회지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.22-26
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• 2014

Fatality of accidents on curved roads where rollover accidents are likely to take place was higher than that on straight roads. We ought to investigate factors affecting injury severity of occupant in a vehicle rollover accident. From January 2011 to December 2013, we collected data about rollover motor vehicle crash accident. We surveyed occupant's injury, vehicle type, safety devices, type of rollover accident and the number of turn in accident. Of the 132 subjects, 56.1% were males, 50.8% were drivers, 48.5% fastened seat belt, and air bag deployed in 12.1%. Among injuries sustained head, chest and abdomen were major sites of severe injury(Abbreviated injury scale>2). Seat belt use, rollover type, and the number of 1/4 turn were found to have significant positive correlations with Injury Severity Score. The regression analysis herein found significance in safety belt use and the number of 1/4 turn. Seat belt use was a significant factor affecting injury severe of occupant in rollover accident.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제28권6호
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• pp.84-89
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• 2013

The main causes of traffic accidents can be classified by 3 factors - human error, vehicle deficiency and road environmental problem and most accidents occurs not only 1 factor but combination of 2 or 3-factors. Among these factors, road environmental factor is the most important factor due to influence the behavior of cars and road users and road environmental factor affects 30% of total accidents approximately. The 5 years traffic accidents data analyzed to verify the accidents severity on Korea National Highways. In order to analyze the severity, Ordered Probit Model was used. As a independent variables of this model the number of lane, neighbor road environments, sight distance, vertical grade, lane width, shoulder width and traffic volume were used and as a dependent variables the minor injuries, serious injuries and fatalities were used. Research results shows that sight distance and lane width are identified as significant factors for the traffic accident severity and lesser sight distance and lane width shows greater traffic accident severity.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.65-71
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• 2008

As the interest in traffic safety has been increasing recently, social movement is being made to reduce the number of traffic accidents and the view on improving the mobility of the existing roads is being converted into on establishing traffic safety as a priority. The increase of traffic accidents related to an intersection in a state that traffic accidents are decreasing overall may suggests the necessity to investigate the specific causes. In addition, we have to consider them when establishing the measures against traffic accidents in a intersection by investigating and analyzing the influences and factors that may affect traffic accidents. To induce the accident severity model, we collected the factors that affect accidents and then applied the Poisson Regression Model among nonlinear regression analysis by verifying the distribution of variables. As a result of the analysis, it turned out that the volume of traffic on main roads, the right turn ratio on sub-roads, the number of ways out on sub-roads, the number of exclusive roads for a left turn, the signals for a right turn on main roads, and an intersect angle were the factors that affect the accident severity.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.98-106
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• 2014

This study proposes severity analysis for pedestrian accidents by improving variables which were used for general severity analysis. The existing variables were collected based on the interviews with policeman or witnesses and evidence of accidents. Therefore, existing variables were subjective and had several measurement errors. In order to improve such problems, this study collected variables from vehicle recorder of taxi which recorded the moment of accidents. As a result, explanatory power of independent variables was enhanced and the complete objective variables could be collected. After collecting variables, ordered probit model was developed by utilizing vehicle recorder database. Fitness of ordered probit model was 0.23. Vehicle speed and pedestrian's eye direction variables were the most critical factors for severity of pedestrian accident. In addition, severity analysis for vulnerable pedestrian was carried out. As a result, it was revealed that vehicle speed, pedestrian's eye direction and safety zone variables affected the severity of pedestrian accidents most. Particularly, vehicle speed variable is the most important factor. Consequently, driver's defensive driving and compliance to the regulations are the priority to reduce severity of pedestrian accidents and prevent pedestrian accident.

• 한국재난정보학회 논문집
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.440-447
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• 2024

연구목적: 국내의 차량 등록 대수는 계속 증가하고 있다. 삶의 질 향상으로 인한 교통량 또한 점진적으로 증가하므로 사고 심각도가 증가 및 혼잡문제 또한 야기될 것으로 예상된다. 따라서, 첨두 교통사고와 비첨두 교통사고의 사고 요인을 분석할 필요가 있다고 판단된다. 연구방법:인천광역시의 첨두 및 비첨두 교통사고의 심각도를 첨두와 비첨두로 나누어 분석하여 사고에 영향을 미치는 요인을 알아보고자 한다. XGBoost 머신러닝 기법을 적용하여 첨두 및 비첨두 교통사고 심각도를 분석하였으며 결과를 통하여 plot으로 시각화하였다. 연구결과:첨두시 피해운전자 차종_승합인 경우 등 비 첨두시는 피해운전자 차종_건설기계 등이 사고 심각도를 높이게 되는 변수인 것으로 분석되었다. 결론: 첨두와 비첨두 사고 심각도의 요인을 도출한 것에 의의가 있고 추후 첨두 및 비첨두시의 사고 심각도를 낮추고 국내 교통의 혼잡 요인을 분석하여 혼잡 비용을 줄일 수 있는 것에 활용되기를 바란다.

• 정보처리학회논문지:소프트웨어 및 데이터공학
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• 제10권8호
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• pp.301-310
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• 2021

TATI 모델이란 Traffic Accident Text to RGB Image 모델로, 교통사고 심각 정도 예측을 위한 본 논문에서 제안하는 방법론이다. 교통사고 치사율은 매년 감소하는 추세이나 OECD 회원국 중 하위권에 속해있다. 교통사고 치사율 감소를 위해 많은 연구들이 진행되었고, 그 중에서 교통사고 심각 정도를 예측하여 발생 및 치사율을 줄이기 위한 연구가 꾸준하게 진행되고 있다. 이와 관련하여 최근에는 통계 모델과 딥러닝 모델을 활용하여 교통사고 심각 정도 예측을 하는 연구가 활발하다. 본 논문에서는 교통사고 심각 정도를 예측하기 위해서 교통사고 데이터를 컬러 이미지로 변환하고, CNN 모델을 통해 이를 수행한다. 성능 비교를 위해 제안하는 모델과 다른 모델들을 같은 데이터로 학습시키고, 예측결과를 비교하는 실험을 진행했다. 10번의 실험을 통해 4개의 딥러닝 모델의 정확도와 오차 범위를 비교하였다. 실험 결과에 따르면 제안하는 TATI 모델의 정확도가 0.85로 가장 높은 정확도를 보였고, 0.03으로 두 번째로 낮은 오차 범위를 보여 성능의 우수성을 확인하였다.

• 자동차안전학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.20-26
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• 2018

The fatality of rollover accidents in motor vehicle crashes is high despite their low incidence. Through the investigation of a 12-passenger van rollover accident in which 10 passengers were involved, we intend to analyze the correlation between the severity of the injury and the position of the occupants. We collected accident information from medical records, interviews, photo-images of the damaged van, field surveys, and the results of the Korean New Car Assessment Program (KNCAP). Based on the occupants' position, we classified injury sites and estimated injury severity. Passenger injury severity was evaluated by trauma score calculation. The initiation type of the rollover accident was passenger side 'fall-over' and the Collision Deformation Classification (CDC) code for the damaged van was 00TDZO3. The crash of the van involved 10 passengers, with an average age of $16.3{\pm}4.2years$. Few of the occupants had fastened seat belts at the time of the incident, and there was no airbag installed. One patient sustained severe liver injury and another was diagnosed with a fracture of the right humerus. The most common injuries were at the upper extremities and the neck. The average of Injury Severity Score (ISS) was $4.8{\pm}5.9$, and the average ISS of right-seated, mid-seated and left-seated occupants was $7.5{\pm}9.3$, $1.5{\pm}0.7$, and $3.3{\pm}2.1$ respectively (p>0.05). In the rollover (to-passenger side) accident of occupant unfastened, the average ISS of right-seated occupants (near side) was higher, but there was no statistically significant difference.