• 기술혁신연구
• /
• 제14권1호
• /
• pp.227-254
• /
• 2006

Under the recent trend of telecommunications and broadcasting convergence, much more various forms of new convergence broadcasting services are being introduced than ever before. Owing to the unique advantages, new convergence broadcasting services are expected to bring drastic changes to the current broadcasting service market. In this research, we attempt to examine what kind of attributes critically affect the competition among new convergence broadcasting services, and how much competitive they will be, based on the quantitative information about consumer preferences for the important attributes of new convergence broadcasting services. Conjoint survey was used in order to obtain stated preference data of consumers. From the results, some implications are obtained as follows. First, even though new convergence broadcasting services have many unique advantages, still price is the most important for the consumers. Second, it is expected that considerable consumer valuation exists for the unique advantages of new convergence broadcasting services like mobility and dual-way interactivity, which will add the competitiveness of those services in the future. Third, since midterm advertising puts negative utility on consumers, broadcasting services with midterm advertising will not be preferred to those with neither advertising nor midterm advertising. Fourth, service coverage and the number of consumers using the same broadcasting service have a significant feedback effect on the competition between broadcasting services from the dynamic aspect. Lastly, the consumer preference can be affected by demographic variables like age and gender, and broadcasting service usage patterns such as channel switchover for escaping advertisement and frequency of using other recorded media. Main findings of our research might become useful information for both telecommunication and broadcasting companies, contents providers, advertisers, and policy and regulation makers to cope with the uncertain environment of telecommunication and broadcasting convergence.

• 간호행정학회지
• /
• 제7권2호
• /
• pp.205-221
• /
• 2001

It will become more and more popular to use the long-term care facilities and home health care services with the chronic disease increasing. It depends on how much the consumers would pay and purchase the services. They might get more benefits from that kind of services than from ordinary hospitalization. So far, the study of determining the medical service price has focused most often on the efforts from the providers' view. But it must be reasonable to include the consumers' value for the service. This study was performed to assess WTP(Willingness to Pay) for home health care service in order to apply to the determination of nursing price in a reasonable manner. In this study, respondents were asked if they would pay for the service's intangible benefits under the four different types(open-ended minimum WTP, open-ended maximum WTP, bidding WTP, referendum WTP). The contingent valuation method is a potentially useful tool in understanding how people value the benefits of the service. As a result, average open-ended minimum WTP was W16,015 per day among 65 respondents. Average open-ended maximum WTP was W29,154 per day among 65 respondents. Average bidding WTP was W26,300 per day among 65 respondents. Average referendum WTP was W22,200 per day among 70 respondents. The results of regression analyses were also consistent with theoretical prediction, e.g., increasing WTP with consumers' value for the service, state of patients, and household income. This study demonstrated that it was more reasonable to consider the consumers' value in determining the services' price. In addition, a further study is needed to test the validity of this CV method and to determine a proper nursing price based on the consumers' view.

• 기술경영경제학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 기술경영경제학회 2005년도 제26회 동계학술발표회 논문집
• /
• pp.124-139
• /
• 2005

In the early stage, the radio communication industry was widely accepted as a monopoly industry, so it has been controled and managed by government. But the advanced technology in Information and Technology industry has led constant increase of demand and dramatic change of communication market. Furthermore it is expected that frequency resource is to be short by market change due to wire-wireless integration. That is why the effort to utilize and manage limited frequency resource efficiently is being executed around the world. Not only newly developing and allocating the spectrum but also reallocating the existing spectrum important are, since transforming inefficiently used existing spectrum to new service can increase producer's surplus and social welfare. The economic approach to valuate the spectrum and spectrum usage right is necessary different from the traditional cost based approach, and through this approach I expect active transaction of spectrum. In this paper the real option methodology is used for valuation of spectrum, considering spectrum user's option right based on future revenue. In detail, the matter of withdrawing and reallocating the existing analog radio broadcasting spectrum is evaluated in this paper, The digitalization of a broadcasting service is widely spreaded around the world in terms of technology and service utility, and analog TV broadcasting has already been decided to be transformed to digital TV broadcasting. It was planned to convert analog radio broadcasting to DAB service before adopting DMB service, but nowadays this issue is not on the table anymore. However if the increasing demand of digital voice and broadcasting service is considered, this kind of research to valuate a spectrum is needed urgently. The result of this research shows that when the redeployment of spectrum is done, social welfare will increases. The point of the reallocation time and value are suggested by the monte carlo simulation through ROVM. In this paper, I use real option to valuate the spectrum and provide the point of the reallocation time and reasonable guideline, and moreover, the suitable information of this paper is expected to reduce risk and loss in policy practice.

• 시큐리티연구
• /
• 제6호
• /
• pp.291-326
• /
• 2003

The first, Improvement of education training condition Education training is influenced by facilities, environment around. according to questionnaire, it is very poor, we should set up a training institute as soon as possible. The second, Improvement of education training contents In working as special guard, they do not feel the need of curriculums like bayonet fencing, criminal law, and so on. accordingly we should adjust the contents of educaton training. The third, Improvement of education training course People were satisfied with the contents of lectures and educator more than half to some degree, but there was a question of time, communication, contents. we should try to remedy things like this. The fourth, Adjustment of education training time The 60% people of all were not satisfied with the time of education training about new duty. we need to intensify and oversee a duty training and the restructure of training time. The fifth, Fairness of valuation reward and punishment in education training The 80% people of all had the bad feeling against reward and punishment, so we tried to let fairness of valuation, reward and punishment completed by educational institution. The sixth, Establishment of the institution for special guard special guard have to be raised by special institution, but lacking of educational program, educational facility, educational Environment, university took the place of government as institution in raising special guard, education still leave much to be desired. so to develop the industry of a civil security, government or a guard association will set up the school of training, education, system about civil security as a whole. The seventh, Improvement of education training form People have to be taught for 80 hours in education training. according to questionnaire, over 75%people wanted to lodge at education accommodation, so in doing education training, we need to improve a system and form. The eighth, Operation of education training suitable for a characteristic in jobs In the education of 80 hours, common courses will need to be carried out together, depending on class, the object of national facility, inspection and practice will need to be done. maybe this can be the improvement of growing up education training. In the result of the study, we need to build up the satisfaction of education training through a lot of opinion like program, system, circumstances. Keep in mind that the paper was a few of problems because of the limit of the survey of 132 peoples, accordingly we try to collect a survey related with this around country. especially this will need to be asked for harmony between the law and the background of system. in the future, to develop the special guard service, increase the demand of this service, have to raised the expert and the special guard service has to enlarge.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
• /
• 제46권2호
• /
• pp.202-210
• /
• 2018

This study was carried out to quantify degree of contribution of harvested wood product (HWP) on mitigation of climate change by valuation of public benefits, environmentally and economically. The potential carbon dioxide emission reduction of HWP was estimated by accounting carbon storage effect and substitution effect. Based on 2014 statistics of Korea Forest Service, domestic HWPs were sorted by two categories, such as wood products produced domestically from domestic and imported roundwood. The wood products were divided into seven items; sawnwood, plywood, particle board, fiberboard (MDF), paper (including pulp), biomass (wood pellet) and other products. The carbon stock of wood products and substitution effects during manufacturing process was evaluated by items. Based on the relevant carbon emission factor and life cycle analysis, the amount of carbon dioxide emission per unit volume on HWP was quantified. The amounts of carbon stock of HWP produced from domestic and from imported roundwood were 3.8 million $tCO_{2eq}$., and 2.6 million $tCO_{2eq}$., respectively. Also, each reduction of carbon emission by substitution effect of HWP produced from domestic and imported roundwood was 3.1 million $tCO_{2eq}$. and 2.1 million $tCO_{2eq}$., respectively. The results of this study, the amount of carbon emission reduction of HWP, can be effectively used as a basic data for promotion of wood utilization to revise and establish new wood utilization promotion policy such as 'forest carbon offset scheme', and 'carbon storage labeling system of HWP'.

• 한국산림과학회지
• /
• 제103권3호
• /
• pp.453-461
• /
• 2014

산림치유에 대한 수요가 급증함에 따라 산림청뿐만 아니라 각 지자체에서 치유의 숲 조성을 활발하게 추진하고 있다. 막대한 예산이 투입되는 정책이니만큼 정책 추진의 타당성을 신중히 검토할 필요가 있다. 따라서 이 연구는 이용객 수가 급증하고 있는 장성 치유의 숲의 이용가치를 추정하는 것이 목적이다. 이를 위해 장성 치유의 숲 이용객 400명을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하였으며, 이 가운데 불성실 응답지 9부를 제외한 391부를 분석에 사용하였다. 경제적 가치 추정은 1.5 양분선택형 CVM 방법을 적용하였다. 분석 결과, 장성 치유의 숲의 1인 1회 이용료에 대한 지불의사금액($WTP_{mean}$)은 35,010원, 연간 이용가치는 약 75억 원으로 추정되었다.

• 대한토목학회논문집
• /
• 제37권2호
• /
• pp.379-387
• /
• 2017

최근 고속철도 평균 좌석이용률이 98% 수준에 이르면서 고속철도 차량 내 혼잡이 발생하는 문제가 나타났고, 이러한 배경에서 본 연구는 고속철도 차량 내 혼잡도 완화에 따른 고속철도 이용자들의 편익을 추정하기 위하여 이용자들의 지불 용의액을 산정하였다. 진술선호자료에 근간한 조건부 가치측정법과 토빗(Tobit) 모형을 통해 지불 용의액을 추정한 결과, 지불 용의액은 소득 수준 및 혼잡도 수준과 비례하는 것으로 나타났으며, 남성, 특실이용자, 자유석 및 정기권 이용자의 지불 용의액이 높고, 주말 이용자, 주부, 통근목적이나 여가목적 이용자들은 지불 용의액이 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구에서 산정된 지불 용의액은 철도운영자들의 좌석공급 확대를 위한 노력에 대하여 정부의 지원근거나 사회적 편익을 계량화할 수 있는 근거를 제공하였다는 점에서 의의가 있다고 하겠다.

• 농업과학연구
• /
• 제44권1호
• /
• pp.123-132
• /
• 2017

Nowadays, many people suffer from stress because of their jobs, studies, traffic, etc. Daily stress may cause many diseases (Garrett, 1991). One of the methods for reducing stress is experiencing a natural environment (Frumkin, 2001). Cibodas botanical garden (CBG) is one of the most famous travel destinations in Bogor, Indonesia. CBG has the potential for tourism activities. However, an economic assessment is required to verify their sustainability. The research objectives of this study were to identify the characteristics of tourism utilization in CBG, to analyze the economic tourism value of CBG, and to measure the effectiveness of traveling to a natural environment for reducing stress. The research method used was the survey. This study used three data analysis methods: (1) descriptive analysis which was used to identify the characteristics of tourists, (2) travel cost method (TCM), and (3) contingent valuation method (CVM). Results showed some differences in the characteristics of foreign and domestic tourists respondents in age, educational background, income level, number of dependents, and the frequency of their visits. CBG has a high economic value, amounting to IDR (Indonesian Rupiah) 5,508,932,605,405 or approximately USD (United State Dollar) 413,000,000. WTP (Willingness to Pay) of domestic tourist respondents was IDR 29,702 or USD 2.2 per visit, while the value of foreign tourist respondents reached IDR 39,700 or USD 2.9 per visit. Respondents found it preferable to pay more for tickets (WTP value) than to buy medication to reduce their stress.

• 정보화정책
• /
• 제17권3호
• /
• pp.57-73
• /
• 2010

우리나라 정부는 전파이용질서를 유지 보호하고 주파수를 제때 알맞은 곳에 공급할 수 있는 전파감시 사업으로 전파의 효율적 이용을 촉진하고자 한다. 이에 본 연구에서는 우리나라 유비쿼터스 전파감시 사업의 경제적 편익 분석을 통해 유비쿼터스 전파감시 사업의 발전을 위한 전략 및 정책 방향을 도출하고자 한다. 이에 본 연구는 CVM을 활용하여 엄밀한 경제이론에 근거하여 유비쿼터스 전파감시 사업의 편익을 정량적으로 규명하고자 하였다. 분석 결과 유비쿼터스 전파감시 사업을 위한 연간 가구당 평균 WTP가 1,268원으로 나타났다. 이를 7대 대도시 전체 가구로 환산한 유비쿼터스 전파감시 사업의 경제적 편익은 연간 79억원에 이르는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구의 결과는 향후 유비쿼터스 전파감시 사업 정책 수립 및 투자정책 등에 정량적인 자료로 활용될 수 있다.

• 한국조경학회지
• /
• 제34권5호
• /
• pp.84-99
• /
• 2006

The traditional temples located in national parks have various functions, such as religious practice, tourist destination, and conservation for cultural and natural resources. One functions have implicit monetary values in terms of public benefits. The purpose of this study was to estimate both use and non-use conservation values for two traditional temples, Sinheungsa and Haeinsa, using the contingent valuation method. In the study, both single-bounded and double-bounded dichotomous choice methods were used in an application of Turnbull distribution-free model. A total of 659 visitors were interviewed, 350 in Sinheungsa and 309 in Haeinsa. The mean WTP (willingness to pay) for Sinheungsa using single-bounded method was 4,040 Won for the use value, 6,157 Won for the cultural conservation value, and 5,624 Won for the natural conservation value. The mean WTP for Haeinsa using single-bounded method was 6,463 Won for the use value, 8,769 Won for the cultural conservation value, and 8,013 Won for the natural conservation value. The total economic value of each temple accounted for 50% (Sinheungsa) and 80% (Haeinsa) of the total economic value of the associated national park. It was also found that the single-bounded method was more conservative than the double-bounded method in terms of value estimation. The WTP was highest for the cultural conservation value and lowest for the use values in both temples, with natural conservation values falling in the middle, which showed that people perceived traditional temples as the cultural heritage. Based on these results, it was suggested that traditional temples should be designated as an 'multiple heritage area' so that conservation can be used as the main criteria for various use programs.