• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.185-201
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• 2014

The Yong-neup of Mt. Daeam, which was designated as Korea's National Monument No.246 in 1973, is a high moor, and it has been managed with the designation as an ecosystem conservation area, Ramsar wetlands, and wetland conservation area. With the closing of the officially announced 5-year period for 'No-Trespassing' on the ecosystem conservation area starting August, 2010, it becomes necessary to arrange a systematic management and conservation scheme in consideration of the access & use of the visitors and Yong-neup's potential change into land consequent on making it open to the public. This study thinks that in order to preserve the Yong-neup, it's necessary to prepare the conservation plan for the program operation for exterminating exotic species, development of replacement wetlands and nurseries, access limit through zone categorization, establishment of environment-monitoring system, institutional management support, and establishment of managing facilities, etc., and to make scientific approaches, such as survey on wetland ecosystem, establishment of inventories, wetland monitoring, and drawing up of wetland ecology maps, etc. In addition, it is required that there should be adequate considerations of restoration of slope faces, drains, artificial embankment, water-collecting wells, roads for military operations, and wild-boar-stricken areas, etc., and should be continuous and systematic management of Yong-neup through the wise use of residents' participation-style maintenance, organization of a consultative body, introduction of CEPA programs, and introduction of visiting facilities and alternative transportation system, etc.

• Ecology and Resilient Infrastructure
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.69-76
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• 2019

Ecosystem services are contributing to human welfare by enabling us to maintain our survival and quality of life. A metod of quantifying ecological functions is needed. We discussed the introduction and applications of ecosystem services to applied ecological engineering. The concept and assessment system of ecosystem services were applied to the economic valuation of river, the construction of blue-green-white network in urban area, ecological restoration, and integrated water management in Korea. The conceptual framework and assessment of ecosystem services can be used to promote value of ecological protection and restoration, helping stakeholders understand the benefits of ecosystems and increasing applications of the applied ecological engineering.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.23-35
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• 2007

Nowadays, as a result of increasing income and spare time, the social demands for better living environment become more increasing. Above all, landscape improvement, the essential part of physical environment, will be a more important subject in urban planning. In these circumstances, classification of urban scenic quality is required for urban landscape development programs. The major purpose of this study is to suggest a technical method of designing urban scenic quality map for urban district area based on the scenery management system of the USDA forest service and literature studies. As a conclusion of this study, four steps are desirable for the technical method for designing a scenic quality map of urban districts areas : 1) Define a landscape unit on the map, 2) Take a photograph of these landscape unit on site, 3) Evaluate the landscape unit by semantic differential scale with landscape adjectives, and 4) Draw the scenic quality map, investigate the landscape characteristics and suggest the landscape scenic development plans.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.42-58
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• 2009

This study was carried out to survey the vascular plants of the construct-reserved site of ecological forest in Kohang-ri, Sangri-myeon, Yecheon-gun, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Korea. The results are as follows. The vascular plants in this site were recorded as 392 taxa; 85 families, 254 genera, 341 species, 45 varieties and 6 forma. The Korean endemic plants were 5 taxa; Salix hallaisanensis, Clematis trichotoma, Chrysosplenium barbatum, Philadelphus schrenckii and Weigela subsessilis. The rare plants designated by Korea Forest Service were 2 taxa; Iris ensata var. spontanea and Aristolochia contorta. The naturalized plants were 25 taxa; Bromus tectorum, Dactylis glomerata, Panicum dichotomiflorum, Bilderdykia dumetora and so forth. In the results of analysis by floristic region, the specific plants were summarized as 31 taxa; Matteuccia struthiopteris, Oxalis obtriangulata, Betula davurica, Cimicifuga heracleifolia and so forth. The plants with approval for delivering oversea were 4 taxa; Salix hallaisanensis, Aristolochia controrta, Clematis trichotoma and Chrysosplenium barbatum. The plant resources were 186 taxa of ornamental plant, 241 taxa of edible plant, 274 taxa of medicinal plant and 202 taxa of others.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.1-15
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• 2014

Forest ecosystems generate variety of important goods and services for human well-being. As a growing concern of climate change and water shortage, it is necessary to quantify, model and map water balance in forest. In this study, we have analyzed 11 overseas forest water supply models (AIM, ATEAM, CENTURY, (E)SWAT, GUMBO, InVEST, PLM, SAVANNA, WaSSI, WaterGAP, WBM) and compared their scale, input and out data, availability of the models and analyzed the applicability of the models to Korea. As a result, InVEST and WaterGAP model appeared to be applicable for quantifying water provisioning services in Korea. A systematic approach for applying to evaluate water balance in forest was suggested based on our quantification approach.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.43-55
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• 2011

This study was carried out to analyze vegetation, soil characteristic, and ordination of the Young-bong region in Woraksan National Park. Communities by species in Woraksan forest were composed of Quercus mongolica community group. This community group was classified into Pinus densiflora community, Quercus variabilis community, Carpinus cordata community and Quercus mongolica community. In the study, it was found that the composition of organic matter was 9.6~19.6%, nitrogen (0.3~0.7%), available phosphorous (4.5~8.8mg/kg), exchangeable K ($0.3{\sim}0.5cmol^+/kg$), exchangeable Ca ($1.6{\sim}6.75cmol^+/kg$), exchangeable Mg ($0.8{\sim}1.55cmol^+/kg$), cation exchange capacity (C.E.C.; $7.6{\sim}32.95cmol^+/kg$), and pH was 4.5~5.1 respectively. The Carpinus cordata community were mostly found in high elevation and high percentage of total nitrogen, C.E.C., and organic matter. Controversially, Pinus densiflora community and Quercus variabilis community were found mostly in low elevation and low percentage of total nitrogen, C.E.C., and organic matter. The Quercus mongolica community were found in medium elevation and medium percentage of total nitrogen, C.E.C., and organic matter.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.73-83
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• 2014

This study was conducted to evaluate defects in Zelkova serrata trees using an ultrasonic tomograph (PICUS) and suggest a management plan to maintain it as a natural and cultural resource. In previous study, health information of 16 protected trees were obtained by surveying the following categories; tree appearance, crown, bark, root exposure, water and nutrition, deterioration, pest, vitality, ground status, and pollutant. The average score of health was 16.5 in 16 trees, which means that general monitor is needed for management. In this study, the evaluation result of tree's inside defects using an ultrasonic tomograph showed that 43.8% of decay rate has been found in 16 trees. In fact, some trees look to be good even though they actually have a defects causing broken by natural disaster such as strong wind. Therefore, it is urgent to put some support to the trees and come up with a protective plan. The results of this study would be useful as basic data in developing a guideline for the efficient conservation and management of big and old trees.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.11-17
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• 2016

The purposes of this research are to estimate area of greenable roof and to monitor maintaining of green roofs using World-View 2 images. The contents of this research are development of World-View 2 application technologies for estimation of green roof area and development of monitoring and maintaining of green roofs using World-View 2 images. The available green roof areas in Gwangjin-gu Seoul, a case for this study, were estimated using digital maps and World-View 2 images. The available green roof area is approximately 12.17% ($2,153,700m^2$) of the total area, and the roof vegetation accounts for 0.46% ($80,660m^2$) of the total area. For verification of the extracted roof vegetation, Vworld 3D Desktop map service was applied. The study results may be used as a decision-making tool by the government and local governments in determining the feasibility of green roof projects. In addition, the project implementer may periodically monitor to see whether roof greening has maintained for efficient management of projects, and a vast amount of World-View 2 images may be regularly used before and after the projects to contribute to sharing of satellite images information.

• Journal of Communications and Networks
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.228-233
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• 2006

Survivability is a very important requirement for the deployment of broadband networks because out of service links can affect volumes of traffic even if it is a very short time. And the data paths of broadband networks, which are critical for traffic engineering, are always necessary to be well protected. The procedure of protection or restoration for a path is initiated when failure is detected within the working path. In order to minimize the influence on transmission quality caused by the failure of links and to provide a definite time for the recovery from the failure, the protection switching time (PST) should be carefully considered in the path arrangement. Several researches have been devoted to construct the protection and restoration schemes of data paths over dense wavelength division multiplexing (DWDM) networks, however, there was rare research on the design of data paths with guaranteed protection switching time. In this paper, the PST-guaranteed scheme, which is based on the concept of short leap shared protection (SLSP), for the arrangement of data paths in DWDM networks is proposed. The proposed scheme provides an efficient procedure to determine a just-enough PST-guaranteed backup paths for a working path. In addition to selecting the PST-guaranteed path, the network cost is also considered in a heuristic manner. The experimental results demonstrate that the paths arranged by the proposed scheme can fully meet the desired PST and the required cost of the selected path is competitive with which of the shared path scheme.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.31-48
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• 2013

South Korea had encouraged farmers to breed bear to increase farmer's income since 1981. Currently farmers breed over thousand number of bears, however but the policy measures for breeding bears is expected to conflict the main stream of bear conservation due to South Korea belong to the member of CITES, which categorizes and manages bears under Wild Fauna and Flora Protection Act. Government needs to establish a special law containg the win-win relief strategy not only for farmers of breeding bears, but international corresponding policy. So, we have reviewed the domestic status and international trends on breeding bears, and suggest the alternative strategies of the policy such as a bear park, a bear village, use of species recovery center, use of a preservation organization. This policy should be accompanied with more detailed fact analysis, management agency, well equipped welfare facility and financial preparation for proper management of breeding bears against changing international trends on wildlife conservation.