• Journal of Korean Foot and Ankle Society
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.46-49
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• 2009

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to find out the normal angles of forefoot for diagnosis of bunionette deformity in Korea. This would be helpful as it would provide a basic angular measurement of bunionette deformity that indicates the need for operation. Materials and Methods: Within a period of four months from January 2007 to April 2007. We have established 300 males and 600 feet without trauma history of foot. The source to image distance is 40 inches and erect weight bearing radiographs are obtained in anteroposterior and lateral projections. The significant angular measurements that define a bunionette deformity are the fourth-fifth intermetatarsal angle, the fifth metatarsophalangeal angle Results: The mean age was 21 years(19-22 years) old. The mean $4^{th}-5^{th}$ intermetatarsal angle was $9.4{\pm}4.7^{\circ}$, the mean $5^{th}$ metatarsophalangeal angle was $7.9{\pm}9.2^{\circ}$. Conclusion: We can consider over the $14.1^{\circ}$ on the $4^{th}-5^{th}$ intermetatarsal angle and over $17.1^{\circ}$ on the $5^{th}$ metatarsophalangeal angle as an operational indication.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.13 no.7
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• pp.37-49
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• 2008

Services are reusable units in business level. Ubiquitous computing provides computing services anytime and anywhere. The combination of both is becoming an important paradigm of computing environment. Fundamentals of services require flexibility and interoperability, and key elements of ubiquitous modeling require interoperability and context-awareness. There are two kinds of methods to identify services. The top-down approach is based on business process, and the bottom-up approach is based on components. The first approach depends on experts' intuitions, while the second approach suffers the incapability of expressing non-functional expression through components. Although a feature-based approach is capable of expressing non-functional expression and identifying services in ubiquitous environment, the research on this issue is not adequately addressed by far. To promote this research, this paper proposes a feature-based method to identify services in ubiquitous computing. The method extracts initial-candidate-services from a feature model. Then, the ultimate services are identified through optimizing and analyzing the candidate-services. The proposed method is expected to enhance the service reusability by effectively analyzing ubiquitous domain based on feature, and varying reusable service units.

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.93-104
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• 2005

Recently, RFID/USN is one of fundamental technologies in information and communications networks. Low-Rate WPAN, IEEE802.15.4 is a low-cost communication network that allows wireless connectivity in applications with limited Power and relaxed throughput requirements. Its applications are building automation, personal healthcare, industrial control, consumer electronics, and so on. Some applications require location information. Of course location awareness is useful to improve usability of data Low-Rate WPAN Is regarded as a key specification of the sensor network with the characteristics of wireless communication, computing, energy scavenging, self-networking, and etc. Unfortunately ZigBee alliance propose a lot of applications based on location aware technologies, but the specification and low-rate WPAN devices don't support anything about location-based services. RSSI ( Received Signal Strength indication) is for energy detection to associate, channel selection, and etc. RSSI is used to find the location of a potable device in WLAN. In this paper we studied indoor location awareness using vector matching of RSSI in low-Rate wireless PAN. We analyzed the characteristics of RSSI according to distance and experimented location awareness. We implemented sensor nodes with different shapes and configured the sensor network for the location awareness with 4 fixed nodes and a mobile node. We try to contribute developing location awareness method using RSSI in 3-dimension space.

• CELLMED
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.8.1-8.4
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• 2011

Medicinal plants and their products are popular in Estonia. There are two approaches to use of herbal products: first, that based on traditions and practical experience and, second, that supported by scientific evidence. It is important to marry these two approaches. One place where traditions and new knowledge could meet is the pharmacy. In this study we evaluated knowledge about the use and safety of herbal products of pharmacy customers in South-Estonia. A convenience sample of pharmacy customers in south Estonia (n = 196) participated in the study. Of the survey participants, 76% were frequent or occasional users of herbal products and considered these products safe (75%) and effective (73%). Herbal products were mostly (91%) consumed for prophylaxis or treatment of minor illnesses. Main information sources about herbal products were pharmacists (75%) and package information leaflets (65%). Mode of action (95%), administration (81%) and indication (77%) were the information details more frequently sought from the pharmacy about herbal products. Of the survey participants, 22% described some problems connected with the use of herbal products. Herbal products are popular in Estonia and pharmacists have an important role in counselling on these products. Despite knowledgeable use of herbal products and infrequent experience of side effects with these products, safety issues should be more stressed in the providing of information details to pharmacy customers.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.1-12
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• 2002

The purpose of this paper is to examine the scope of the application of Preliminary Draft Convention, which will be fixed as international uniform rules soon, in relation to the CISG. First, this Draft Convention will cover service contracts as well as sales contract of goods, but the license agreement will be excepted because it does not transfer the complete property. Second, this will cover the commercial contracts(sales or services) concluded by data message fully or partially. Third, this will be applied in international contract regardless of contracting states or non-contracting states. As it is very difficult to confirm the places of business of contracting parties in on-line contracts, the first criterion to confirm them is the indication by the party in each contract. This presumption may be supplemented, if they are not indicated in the contract, by the location of the equipment and technology supporting an information system used by a legal entity for the conclusion of a contract. It is essential to establish an international uniform rules as soon as possible in order to activate the international businesses with on-line basis. Thus this author hopes that this paper will contribute to the clear understanding to the scope of application of Preliminary Draft Convention for which the UNCITRAL is under working.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2004.05b
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• pp.76-81
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• 2004

This paper presents the results of spectral analysis of leakage current waveforms on contaminated insulators under various fog and environment conditions(salt fog, clean fog, rain) The larger the leakage current during 200ms, the higer the power spectrum at 60Hz. For almost equal maximum current during 200ms, however, the spectrum at 60hz and the odd order harmonics increase emphatically when discharges occur continuously for several half-waves. If contaminated insulators suffers from high salt-density fog, the leakage current occurs with high crest value intermittently, results in the low spectrum. Analysis of leakage current data showed that this electrical activity was characterized by transient arcing behavior contaminants are deposited on the insulator surface during salt fog tests. This provides a path for the leakage current to flow along the surface of the insulator. It is important to have an indication of the pollution accumulation in order to evulate the test performance of a particular insulator. If the drop in surface resistivity is severe enough, then the leakage current may escalate into s service interrupting flashover that degrade power quality.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.20 no.10
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• pp.1-9
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• 2022

Purpose: This study examines the economic and technical reasons for the uneven distribution of broadband internet services in Indonesia before and during the recession due to the C19 pandemic, and examines its effect on the country's economy. Research design, data and methodology: The research was designed by conducting an economic feasibility, which was verified through area observations and interviews with providers and their association, as well as the Regulator. Results: The results show that during the C19 pandemic, there has been an increase in the distribution of broadband internet services in Indonesia since there has been an increase in demand for cellular services and fixed services together. However, the increase in broadband internet service coverage is still not evenly distributed in the country and unable to boost the decline in Gross Domestic Product during the C19 pandemic. Conclusions: The increase in fixed broadband coverage by seventy percent is an indication for the state to make policies to encourage bundling techniques between operators with the aim of internet services being more evenly distributed throughout the country. Where, the influence of a more even distribution of broadband internet services in all countries is believed to be able to support the country's economy.

• International Journal of Knowledge Content Development & Technology
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.95-103
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• 2022

This study was conducted to assess the level of satisfaction of undergraduates with the Library and Information Science (LIS) course and some of the factors that influence their choice of the programme. The population of the study was all the 400 level undergraduates in the Department of Library and Information Science, Faculty of Education, University of Port Harcourt. A structured questionnaire, made up of three parts, was utilized for data collection. The first part involved the level of satisfaction of the respondents with the LIS programme while the second and third parts involved the influence of parents and peers on the respondents' choice of LIS programme, respectively. Out of the 21 copies of the questionnaire distributed, 20 were retrieved indicating a 95.2% response rate with 75% (15) male and 25% (5) female. Data were analyzed using percentages and simple regression analysis. Results indicated that the respondents were highly satisfied with the choice of LIS programme and would recommend the programme to others. Parental influence on the respondents' choice of LIS programme was minimal accounting for 7.8% of the changes in the choice of the programme while peer influence on the respondents' choice of the programme was substantial accounting for 78.0% of the changes in the choice of the programme. The fact that the respondents were satisfied with their choice of career in LIS is a strong indication that they would be committed to providing excellent service in librarianship needed to cater for the mutated information requirements of the society.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.1123-1128
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• 2016

Recently BLE beacon has been widely used as a method for measuring the indoor location in the IoT Technique. But it requires a filtering technique for the measurement of the correct position. It is used the most fixed beacon. It is not accurate that calculates the position information through the identification of the beacon signal. Therefore, filtering is important. So it takes a lot of time, position measurement and filtering. Thus, we is to measure the exact position at the indoor using a mobile beacon. The measured beacon signal is composed of an ontology for reuse in the same pattern. RSSI is measured the receiver is the distance of the beacon. And this value configure the location ontology to be normalized by the relationship analysis between the values. The ontology is a method for calculating the position information of the moving beacon. It can detect fast and accurate indoor position information and provide the service.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.48-57
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• 2022

Objectives : The purpose of this review study is to identify clinical indications of Hwangryunhaedok-tang(HHT) external application and to suggest directions for future research and treatment by analyzing domestic cases applying HHT external treatment except for pharmacopuncture research. Methods : We searched 235 studies published in Korean since 2000 from four domestic databases: Oriental Medicine Advanced Searching Integrated System(OASIS), Research Information Sharing Service(RISS), Korean Traditional Knowledge Portal(KTKP), and Korean studies Information Service Systems(KISS) using keywords such as 'HTT and external use', 'HHT and external agent' 'HHT and wet dressing', or 'HHT and case'. We excluded duplicate papers, papers related to acupuncture including pharmacopuncture, or papers not related to the topic. Results : We selected and analyzed seven case reports. HHT external agent was used alone in one case, as main treatment in two cases, and as adjuvant treatment in four cases. HHT external application was applied to various skin diseases accompanied by inflammation mainly in the form of wet dressings. Conclusion : HHT external agent may be effective on various skin diseases accompanied by inflammation when applied alone or in combination with other agents according to the treatment stage. Based on this results, further studies will be needed to establish the primary clinical indication of HHT external agent.