• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.161-165
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• 2005

The present study was carried out to find the possible protective effects of Angelica koreana water extract on biochemical parameters in benzo(a)pyrene (B(a)P)-induced liver injury in rats. B(a)P treatment (0.1 mg/kg, 1.p.) caused a liver damages, which led to biochemical alterations in serum and liver enzyme activities and serum lipid levels. The activities of liver marker enzymes, especially, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were markedly changed in B(a)P treatment. Oral administration of Angelica koreana (50 mg/kg) recovered these biochemical Parameters to near normal levels. Therefore, the present results have revealed that Angelica koreana water extract might have the antihepatotoxic effect and consequently ameliorate liver damage associated with B(a)P in rats.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• 제8권1_2호
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• pp.31-35
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• 1993

The present study was undertaken to find a protective effect of Coptis Rhizoma Extract on liver injury induced by benzo(a)pyrene in rats. This crude drug significantly suppressed the increase of several biochemical parameters such as transaminase, lactate dehydrogenase and alkaline phosphatase in serum and liver and total cholesterol. But there were little changes in elevated serum phospholipid level. The results suggested that Coptis Rhizoma prevent bezo(a)pyrene-induced hepatic injury.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.87-93
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• 2013

To evaluate the effect of the saponin of heat-processed ginseng (Sun ginseng, SG), we investigated the protective effect of SG total saponin fraction against adenine-induced chronic renal failure in rats. SG saponin significantly decreased the levels of urea nitrogen and creatinine in the serum, but increased the urinary excretion of urea nitrogen and creatinine, indicating an improvement of renal function. SG saponin also inhibited adenine-induced kidney hypertrophy and edema. SG saponin reduced serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase, glutamic pyruvic transaminase, and lactate dehydrogenase activities increased by adenine. Based on these findings, the ameliorating effect of SG on chronic renal failure may result from its saponin.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.9-14
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• 2005

This study evaluated the hazard caused by $NO_{2}$, an oxidant generated in the process of welding. We com­pared hematological and biochemical parameters in workers who chronically inhale $NO_{2}$ and office workers not exposed to $NO_{2}$. $NO_{2}$ exposure affected the hematological and biochemical parameters. Increasing $NO_{2}$ concen­trationincreased the number of leukocytes, while decreasing the number of erythrocytes. Blood urea nitrogen, cre­atinine, uric acid, and lactate dehydrogenase were increased, while total protein and triglycerides were decreased. The mean concentration of $NO_{x}(NO_{2}^{-}/NO_{3}^{-})$ in the serum of welders and the control group was $35.97{\pm}2.85\;and\;55.40{\pm}5.81\;{\mu}mol/L,$ respectively. The difference was significant (p < 0.05), although $NO_{2}^{-}$ was not detected in the serum.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.38-42
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• 2015

Rhodiola rosea is a perennial plant which grows in the alpine regions of Europe and Asia. Although the protective effects of R. rosea extract from fatigue due to exercise stress have been reported, studies on fermented R. rosea extract remain insufficient to date. Therefore, this study was conducted to examine the protective effects of fermented R. rosea extract against fatigue and exercise stress. As a result, fermented R. rosea extract was found to significantly increase swimming time, hepatic superoxide dismutase content, and serum lactate dehydrogenase in mice, while decreasing serum blood urea nitrogen content compared to R. rosea extract. Given the above results, it is considered that fermented R. rosea extract effectively protects against fatigue caused by strenuous exercise.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.49-55
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• 1981

The effects of total, protopanaxadiol-and protopanaxatriol-saponins on the in vitro activities of several enzymes in rat serum were observed Alkaline phosphatase activity was increased 61 % by total saponin and 46% by protopanaxatriol-saponin, compared to control group. While SCOT activity was slightly decreased by total saponin and protopanaxatriol- saponin, it was slightly increased by Protopanaxadiol-saponin And while SCPT activity was slightly decreased by total saponin, it was increased by protopanaxadiol-saponin and protopanaxatriol-saponin. Creatine phosphokinase activity had a tendency to be increased by protopanaxatriol-saponin. Lactate dehydrogenase activities were increased in three saponin treated groups, but those were nonignificant. Compared to the control group, lipase activity was increased by all saponin samples. It was increased 157% by total saponin The increase in lipase activity by total saponin corresponded with the decrease in serum t total lipid by total saponin .

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• 제18권6호
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• pp.1411-1416
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• 2009

The suppressive effects of glutathione-enriched Saccharomyces cerevisiae FF-8 strain (FF-8 GY) on alcoholinduced hepatotoxicity have been studied. FF-8 GY (256 mg/L) from the fermentation at a large scale bioreactor was used. Either of 5% FF-8 GY or 5% commercial glutathione-enriched yeast extract (GYE) with or without 30% alcohol was tested with rats for 4 weeks. FF-8 GY and GYE were found to reduce those alcohol-elevated serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activities. Blood alcohol and acetaldehyde were also decreased by FF-8 GY and GYE. Interestingly, FF-8 GY drastically increased both hepatic alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) and acetaldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) activities in comparison to GYE group, thus FF-8 GY would be more effective in blood alcohol and acetaldehyde reduction. Attenuated lipid droplet accumulation in hepatocytes was observed in both FF-8 GY and GYE when alcohol stimulated the accumulation. Therefore, FF-8 GY may be useful to protect liver from alcohol-induced hepatotoxicity.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제18권6호
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• pp.1643-1651
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• 2004

This experimental study was designed to investigate the effects of SIEGESBECKIAE HERBA extract (SHE) on the change of cerebral hemodynamics 〔regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) and mean arterial blood pressure(MABP)〕 in normal condition and cerebral ischemic rats, and to determine the mechanism of action of SHE. This study was designed to investigate whether or not SHE inhibit lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity in neuronal cells and cytokines production in serum of cerebral ischemic rats. The results were as follows SHE increased rCBF significantly in a dose-dependent manner, but MABP was not changed by SHE in normal rats. The SHE-induced increase in rCBF was significantly inhibited by pretreatment with indomethacin (IDN), an inhibitor of cyclooxygenase but was increased by methylene blue (MTB), an inhibitor of guanylate cyclase. SHE inhibited lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity significantly in neuronal cells. rCBF was increased significantly and stably by SHE(10㎎/㎏, i.p.) during the period of cerebral reperfusion, which contrasted with the findings of rapid and marked increase in control group in ischemic rats. In serum by drawing from femoral arterial blood after middle cerebral arterial occlusion(MCAO) for 1hr and reperfusion for 1hr, the sample group was decreased IL-1β production significantly compared to that of the control group. In serum by drawing from femoral arterial blood after MCAO 1hr and reperfusion 1hr, sample group decreased TNF-α production significantly compared to that of the control grolilp. In serum by drawing from femoral arterial blood after reperfusion 1hr, sample group increased TGF-β production significantly compared to that of the control group. In serum by drawing from femoral arterial blood after MCAO for 1hr and reperfusion for 1hr, IL-10 production of the sample group was similar to that of control group. These results suggested that SHE had inhibitive effect on the brain damage by inhibited LDH activity, IL-1β and TNF-α production, but accelerated TGF-β production.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.202-208
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• 2007

Persimmon is well-known as a Korean traditional medicine for alleviating coughs and enhancing blood circulation; it is also used for treatment of hypertension, cancer, diabetes and atherosclerosis. To evaluate the protective properties of persimmon leaf methanol extract (PLME) and persimmon fruit methanol extract (PFME) administration on acute ethanol-induced hepatotoxicity, C57BL/6 male mice were gavaged with or without persimmon extracts for 1 week. Hepatotoxicity was then induced by gavage of 5 g/kg BW ethanol. After 12 hr of ethanol administration, blood and liver were collected and analyzed for biochemical markers of hepatotoxicity. The results showed PLME and PFME treatments decreased the activities of serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) compared with ethanol control. Both PLME and PFME reduced serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity, but elevated alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) activity. Serum triglyceride (TG) and hepatic cholesterol levels were significantly decreased when treated with PLME and PFME. Liver malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were significantly decreased in PLME and PFME groups compared with ethanol control. Furthermore, the administration of PLME and PFME significantly increased the activities of catalase, glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and glutathione reductase (GSH-red). In summary, PLME and PFME appeared to prevent hepatic injury by accelerating alcohol metabolism by increasing alcohol-metabolizing enzyme activities, by activating the antioxidative enzyme system against oxidative stress, and by decreasing fat accumulation, which is evidenced by decreased hepatotoxic indices in serum.

• 대한본초학회지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.9-19
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• 2008

Objectives: In this study the authors investigated effects of the ethanolic extract of Rhodjola Rosea(HKC) on fatigue and hypothalamic IEG expression in rat forced swimming(FS) model. Methods: Sprague-Dawley rats were administered HKC extract(25 mg/100g, p.o.) for 3 days prior to FS, some rats underwent 10 min FS and others exhaustive forced swimming(EFS). In addition, other rats were administered extract at different times after EFS over 3 consecutive days. Results: When HKC administered before 10 mins of FS, serum actate dehydrogenase(LDH) and creatine phosphokinase(CPK) activities were significantly lower than control group. When HKC administered prior to EFS, blood lactate was significantly lower versus control group. When HKC was administered after EFS, blood lactate(at 6 and 24 hours after EFS) were significantly lower and serum LDH, CPK activities(at 24 hours after EFS) were significantly lower versus control group. When HKC was administered after EFS, c-Fos positive neurons in hypothalamic periventricular area(PVA), medial part(mPVN) and anterior hypothalamic nucleus caudal part(AHC) were significantly lower at 24 hours after EFS than in control group. HSP-72 positive neuron numbers in hypothalamus were significantly lower at 24 hours after EFS than in control group. Finally, when HKC was administered prior to 10 mins FS, HIF-$1{\alpha}$ expression in the gastrocnemius muscle was significantly increased. Conclusions: These results suggest that HKC extract has an anti-fatigue effect, and it reduces neuronal cell stress responses induced by physical stress by having a beneficial effect on lactate metabolism.