• The Korean Journal of Zoology
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.61-69
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• 1986

Teter and Boczkowski (1966) classified testicular feminization syndrome into two groups; One with no pubic hair and normal clitoris (A group) and the other with pubic hair and enlarged clitoris (B group). However, the patient discussed in this paper shows a mid-form of these two groups (C group). To find out differences among A, B and C groups, we have observed the micro-structure of testes removed from her inguinal canal and analyzed the chromosomes obtained from testicular and blood culture. Her seminiferous tubules show some differences in the maturation and distribution of Leydig and Sertoli cells and in the thickening of basement membrane as compared with group A and B. We suppose that such differences are responsible for the morphological changes of clitoris and pubic hair.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.63 no.5
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• pp.1194-1203
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• 2021

Preparation of recipient stallions is critical step to produce donor spermatogonial stem cell (SSC) derived sperm using transplantation technique. This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of intravenous busulfan infusion on germ cell depletion, semen production, and libido in stallions. Six Thoroughbred stallions were separated into two treatment groups: 1) a multiple low-dose (2.5 mg/kg bw for the first 4 weeks and 5 mg/kg bw for the 5th week); and 2) control group treated with PBS. Testicular samples were obtained at 11 weeks and classified into three different patterns of spermatogenesis, such as normal, Sertoli cell only, and destroyed. Semen collection and libido experiments were performed 1 week before treatment, and 4 and 8 weeks after treatment. For the sperm analysis, total spermatozoa and motility were measured using a light microscope with a motility analyzing system. In the multiple low-dose group, the numbers of tubules categorized as Sertoli cell only were significantly higher than those in the control as well as the total population and total/progressive motility of sperm were significantly decreased 8 weeks after the start of the treatment. The sperm production and motility in the multiple low-dose group appears to be reduced, while libido was maintained. In conclusion, multiple administration of 2.5 mg/kg bw busulfan depletes endogenous germ cells in the stallion recipients for SSC transplantation.

• Animal cells and systems
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.197-203
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• 2004

CD30 is a member of tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNFR) superfamily and has pleiotropic functions including cell activation, proliferation, differentiation, and death, depending on cell types and stage of differentiation. Although CD30 expression has been described mainly in hematopoietic tissues, several types of nonhematopoietic tumors including embryonic carcinoma and germ-cell tumors express CD30. We examined CD30 distribution in the testis and epididymis from wild type and CD30-deficient mice. In the testis, spermatogonia, spermatocytes and Sertoli cells expressed CD30, but not in spermatids. Spermatogonia and spermatocytes near the basement membrane strongly reacted to anti-CD30. In the epididymis, CD30 expression was exclusively observed in luminal epithelia and some interstitial cells. Taken together, these results show a spatio-temporal regulation of CD30 expression in mouse testis and epididymis and suggest a possible role of CD30 in spermatogonia and spermatocytes.

• Proceedings of the KSAR Conference
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• 2004.06a
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• pp.233-233
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• 2004

PURPOSE: Gene expression and apoptosis in testicular germ cells has been demonstrated in many transgenic animals. However, little is known about the transgenic pig and rates of apoptosis during spermatogenesis. METHODS : Morphological and biochemical features of apoptosis reported in other species were used to confirm that the TdT-mediated dUTP Nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay is an acceptable mothos for idendtification and quantification of apoptotic transgenic germ cells in histological tissue section from transgenic pig testis. (omitted)

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.425-438
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• 1997

To assess the testicular toxicity induced by DA-125, a new anthracycline anticancer agent, the test substance was intraveneously administered to male beagle dogs at dose levels of 0, 0.0023, 0.0375, 0.15, and 0.6 mg/kg/day, 6 days a week for 26 weeks. At 0.6 mg/kg/day, 1 out of 3 dogs had died on day 42 of treatment and the other dogs were sacrificed on days 46 and 122 of treatment due to the increasingly severe clinical condition. Clinical signs considered to be related to treatment were included anorexia, vomiting, salivation, decreased activity, mucous and/or dark faeces, diarrhea, and swelling, abscess and/or ulceration of injection sites. Suppression in body weight gain, reduction in food intake, decreases in testicular weight and size, and hemorrhage of epididymis were also observed in male dogs. Microscopically, severe degenerative changes such as atrophy of seminiferous tubules, loss of germ cells, degeneration of germ cells, vacuolization of Sertoli cells, and hyperplasia of Leydig cells were observed in all dogs. Azoospermia in epididymal tubules, atrophy of epithelia in the cauda epididymis, and prostate atrophy were also found. At 0.15 mg/kg/day, anorexia, vomiting, salivation, diarrhea, and swelling of injection sites were observed. In addition, suppression in body weight gain and decreases in testicular weight and size were found in male dogs. Atrophy of seminiferous tubules, decrease of germ cells, degeneration, exfoliation and retention of germ cells, vacuolization of Sertoli cells, and hyperplasia of Leydig cells were observed by histopathological examination. Azoospermia in epididymal tubules and prostate atrophy were also found. At 0.0375 mg/kg/day, there were no clinical signs considered to be indicative of a reaction to treatment, but testicular size was significantly reduced. Microscopically, decreases in the number of spermatogonia and epidydimal speramtozoa were found. There were no evidences of general or testicular toxicity at 0.0023 mg/kg/day. These results indicate that DA-125 produces significant and persistent damage to the spermatogenic compartments of the testes in male beagle dogs.

• Toxicological Research
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.153-159
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• 2003

Localization of mercury compounds was investigated in selective regions of the male reproductive tract using autometallography. The results demonstrated that mercury was observed in Sertoli and Leydig cells in testis, but not in the epithelial cells of rete testis and germ cells. In the efferent ductule, mercury compounds were observed in the cytoplasmic compartments of epithelial cells in the proximal and common regions, while they were observed in the supranuclear cytoplasmic compartments in the conus region. In the epididymis, the compounds were observed in the cytoplasmic compariments of narrow and basal cells, but not in the principal cells of the initial segment. In contrast, the compounds were evenly detected in the cytoplasmic compartments of principal cells in the caput. In the corpus and caudal epididymis, the compounds were observed in the basal region of principal cells. The data shows that mercury is differentially accumulated in the male reproductive tract in a region-specific manner.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.107-116
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• 1997

In order to achieve optimal reproductive performance, reliable morphological and physiological basic data on the reproductive organs are desirable. Adult male Korean ring-necked pheasant in inactive(mid of January) and active state (end of April) were used in this study. In addition, five active state pheasants were received a single dose of 60Co-ray 500 rads each to damage the testes. The objective of this study was to investigate the distribution pattern of protein gene product (PGP) 9.5 and ${\alpha}$-tubulin in the pheasant testes of the active, inactive and ${\gamma}$-ray irradiated active states. The results obtained were summarized as follows 1. The seminiferous tubules collected in inactive states( mid of Jan) showed narrow lumen, and the spermatogonia and the Sertoli cell were well preserved. The PGP 9.5 immunoreactivity of these tubules showed a positive reaction in paranucleus area of the spermatogonia, and a positive reaction in a small number of the Leydig cells in the interstitium of the seminiferous tubules. 2. The seminiferous tubules were dilated in active state(end of April) as compared with the inactive state. The PGP 9.5 reactivity in these tubules showed a positive reaction in many Leydig cells in the interstitium of the seminiferous tubules, and the testes of ${\gamma}$-ray irradiated group showed partially weak reaction in the interstitium of the seminiferous tubules. 3. The ${\alpha}$-tubulin reactivity in the seminiferous tubules of the inactive testes was strongly positive in the cytoplasmic process of the Sertoli cell from the basal stem region to the apical ex-tension. From the broad part of the stem region to the luminal space, the active testes showed a strong positive reaction. The ${\gamma}$-ray irradiated groups showed diminished reaction in the basal region.

• Development and Reproduction
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.69-74
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• 1998

The early gonadal development and sexual differentiation of Rhynchocypris oxycephalus are described from the stage of hatching to 150 days after hatching. During this peroid, the average length of the body grew from 0.64 cm to 5.96 cm. the primordial germ cells (PGCs), which could be recognized at the time of hatching, began to protrude into peritoneal cavity at a standard total length of 1.91 cm. At a standard total length of 2.29cm, initial ovarian differentiation wasidentified by the transformation of PGCs to meiotic oocytes. Finally, at the standard total length of 5.96 cm, the female gonads gradually developed towards migratory nucleus oocytes, characterisiing the maturation. Oocytes proliferated rapidly after sex differentiation while the testis entered a period of quiescence, as they continued to multiply but did not undergo growth until the standard total length of 4.00 cm. At a standard total length of 4.00 cm, spermatocytes arrested in thephase of interkinesis, Sertoli-like cells and sperm duct formation, with signs of meiotic activity, were observed. Therefore it may be concluded that R. oxycephalus belongs to the differentiated type of gonochoristic teleosts.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• v.50 no.1
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• pp.19-25
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• 2023

Objective: Sleep deprivation (SD) is a common problem in today's stressful lifestyle and have physiological consequences, including reproductive dysfunction and infertility. As an antioxidant, olive oil may be effective in reducing testicular and spermatological damage by decreasing the production of free radicals. Methods: This study investigated the effects of olive oil on sperm quality and testicular structure using stereological methods to assess rats with SD. Results: When comparing SD group to grid floor+distilled water (GR) group, we found that the sperm count and motility, as well as the percentage of slow progressive sperm was significantly lower in SD group (p<0.05), but the percentage of immotile sperm was higher (p<0.01). However, no improvement was observed in sperm count or motility after concomitant treatment of SD group with olive oil. Stereological examinations revealed no significant change in the total volumes of the seminiferous tubules, interstitial tissue, and germinal epithelium in the study groups. Conversely, the total number of testicular cell types was significantly lower in SD group than in GR group. Although the total number of Sertoli and Leydig cells was significantly higher in the S +olive oil group than in the untreated SD group, no significant difference in the total number of other testicular cell types was observed between the two groups. Conclusion: SD potentially induced structural changes in testis that affected sperm count and motility. However, olive oil only improved the total number of Sertoli and Leydig cells in the animals with SD and did not improve sperm count and motility.

• Korean Journal of Animal Reproduction
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.100-108
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• 1986

Eik-Nes (1966) reported that the mechanism of spermatogenesis is controlled by FSH and LH and maintaned normally in scrotum terperautre which is 3-5$^{\circ}C$ lower than body termperature. But Ojeda and Ramirez (1972) have described that the abdominal testis was shrinked severely and lost its normal function in congenital cryptorchidism or surgically induced cryptorchidism. Ramirez and Sawyer (1974) reported that the compensatory hypertorphy occured in the remaining testis of unilateral castration and the scrotal testis of unilateral cryptorchidism. Cunninham et al. (1978) reported that the serum FSH levle increased after unilateral castration. Frankel and Wright (1982) reported that the serum LH level was unchanged greatly after unilateral castration. Gomes and Jain (1976) reported that the serum testosterone level increased temporarily but not varied after unilateral castration. On the other hand, Kormano et al. (1964) reported that the serum FSH level in unilateral cryptorchidism rat was unchanged in contrast with the control and Risbirdger et al. (1981) reported that the serum LH level was unchanged till 2 weeks after operation and after then increased to 77%. Kim (1984) reported that the serum testosterone level was somewhat lower than that fo control group but there was't significant different. There were many different reports on hormone levels among different investigators when the immarue rats were castrated unilaterally or induced cryptorchidism unilaterally. Liang and Liang (1970) and Cunningham et al. (1978) described that there were no true compenastory hypertrophy in the remaining testis of unilateral castration and scrotal testis of unilateral testis of unilateral cryptorchidism in rat but they grew faster than that of control. Kormano et al.(1964), Damber et al.(1976), Cunningham et al.(1978) and Karpe et al.(1981) reported that the testis weight, germinal epithelia height and seminiferous tubules diameter developed continuously and similarily in the control, the remaining testis of unilateral castration and scrotal testis of unilateral cryptorchidism increased, however, in the abdominal testis of the unilateral cryptorchidism, they were much smaller than those of other groups. In observation of the histological changes in the seminiferous epithelium of control, remaining tesis of unilateral castration and scrotal testis of unilateral cryptorchidism differentiated and developed fully(Cunningham et al., 1978). However, the abdominal testis of unilateral crytorchidism degenerated severely and only the germ cells in early stage and Sertoli cells were found in the seminiferous tubules. (Damber et al., 1976, Gomes and Jain, 1976 and Karpe et al., 1981). By electron microscopic observation, Nagano (1963) and Leason and Leeson (1970) found that the abdominal testis of unilateral cryptorchidism was thicked in boundary tissue, increased lipid droplet in the Sertoli cell, disarranged axial filament complex and increased lipid inclusions in the Sertoli cell.