• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.26-34
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• 2014

Highway construction is a combination of linear, repetitive, and highly equipment intensive operations. Various types of construction equipment are deployed to ensure undisrupted performance of construction, and thus productivity improvement and cost-saving can be achieved through well-thought-out planning. The selection of construction equipment is dependent upon construction sequence, site conditions, and construction methods. In the process of planning, management should consider various types of construction methods per each type of construction operation. Also, management should map out proper construction equipment operation plan that takes the construction duration and cost measures into consideration. However, limited availability of historic data from the similar types of operations has been a stumbling block to proper construction planning, making the operations performed based upon experience and intuition guided by rules-of-thumb. As a consequence, the planing phase rarely provided an adequate validity in the implementation phase. The researchers developed a process logic for each construction type that management can utilize from early phase of highway construction planning process. Moreover, derived the construction equipment combination optimized for efficiency by using the process simulation technique. The developed method is expected to be useful for the decision-making process that aims to evaluate efficiency of various process plans and to ensure optimal selection of construction equipment for highway construction projects.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.169-177
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to examine the awareness of dental hygiene students on the components of the dental hygiene curriculum. The subjects in this study were 934 dental hygiene students, on whom a survey was conducted in April and Jun, 2009. The collected data were analyzed by the statistical package PASW 18.0. The findings of the study were as follows: The students from the midsection of the nation put the highest value on educational objectives, selection of what to teach and evaluation, and the students from the metropolitan area set the lowest value on those components. The students who took junior college courses took a better view of those components than those who took college courses. In terms of the organization of what to teach, the students from the midsection of the nation rated it highest, and the students from the Honam area rated it lowest. And those who took college courses took a little better view of it than the students who took junior college courses. Among the components of the curriculum, the educational objective factor was rated higher in terms of vocational education, morality and ethics, and that was rated lower in terms of creativity. The selection of what to teach was rated higher in terms of learning possibility and was rated lower in terms of content validity and relevance. The organization of what to teach was rated highest in terms of continuity, followed by sequence and integration. The educational evaluation factor was rated higher in the area of school evaluation and was rated lowest in the area of national examinations.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.35 no.4B
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• pp.566-575
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• 2010

In recent, artificial immune system has become an important research direction in the anomaly detection of networks. The conventional artificial immune systems are usually based on the negative selection that is one of the computational models of self/nonself discrimination. A main problem with self and non-self discrimination is the determination of the frontier between self and non-self. It causes false positive and false negative which are wrong detections. Therefore, additional functions are needed in order to detect potential anomaly while identifying abnormal behavior from analogous symptoms. In this paper, we design novel network attack detection and response schemes based on artificial immune system, and evaluate the performance of the proposed schemes. We firstly generate detector set and design detection and response modules through adopting the interaction between dendritic cells and T-cells. With the sequence of buffer occupancy, a set of detectors is generated by negative selection. The detection module detects the network anomaly with a set of detectors and generates alarm signal to the response module. In order to reduce wrong detections, we also utilize the fuzzy number theory that infers the degree of threat. The degree of threat is calculated by monitoring the number of alarm signals and the intensity of alarm occurrence. The response module sends the control signal to attackers to limit the attack traffic.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.45-54
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• 2002

This paper proposes a video compression algorithm using characteristics of wavelet coefficients. The proposed algorithm can provide lowed bit rate and faster running time while guaranteeing the reconstructed image qualify by the human virtual system. In this approach, each video sequence is decomposed into a pyramid structure of subimages with various resolution to use multiresolution capability of discrete wavelet transform. Then similarities between two neighboring frames are obtained from a low-frequency subband which Includes an important information of an image and motion informations are extracted from the similarity criteria. Four legion selection filters are designed according to the similarity criteria and compression processes are carried out by encoding the coefficients In preservation legions and replacement regions of high-frequency subbands. Region selection filters classify the high-frequency subbands Into preservation regions and replacement regions based on the similarity criteria and the coefficients In replacement regions are replaced by that of a reference frame or reduced to zero according to block-based similarities between a reference frame and successive frames. Encoding is carried out by quantizing and arithmetic encoding the wavelet coefficients in preservation regions and replacement regions separately. A reference frame is updated at the bottom point If the curve of similarity rates looks like concave pattern. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm provides high compression ratio with proper Image quality. It also outperforms the previous Milton's algorithm in an Image quality, compression ratio and running time, leading to compression ratio less than 0.2bpp. PSNR of 32 dB and running tome of 10ms for a standard video image of size 352${\times}$240 pixels.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.26 no.7
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• pp.855-867
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• 2016

The horse is relatively earlier domesticated animal species. Domesticated horses have been selected for their ability of racing, robustness, and disease-resistance. As a result, the thoroughbred horse genome has been condensed many genotypes related to exercise ability. In recent years, with the advent of NGS technologies, many studies were concentrated on finding superior genetic species in the horse genome in terms of genomics. Consequently, GWAS (Genome-wide Association study) is applied to horse genome, then genetic marker is revealed for superior racing ability. In addition, RNA-Seq is utilized as a method for analyze of whole transcript profiling in specific samples. By using this approach, specific gene expression patterns and transcript sequences can be revealed in various samples such as each individual, before and after exercise state, and each tissue. DNA methylation, a strong factor that regulate gene expression without the change of DNA sequence, have got a lot of attention. In horse genome, exercise- or individual-specific DNA methylation patterns were detected, and could be useful to develop selective marker of superior horses. MicroRNAs inhibit gene expression, and transposable elements accounted for half of the mammalian genome. These two elements are the crucial factors in functional genomics, and could be applied to the selection of superior horses. As the functional genomics and epigenomics advance, then these technologies introduced in this paper were applied to select superior horses. In this paper, the studies for selection of superior horses through genetic technologies, and development possibilities of these studies were discussed.

• Proceedings of the KSAR Conference
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• 2001.03a
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• pp.52-52
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• 2001

Many nucleoside diphosphate (NDP) kinases are ubiquitous enzymes responsible for the exchange of ${\gamma}$-phosphates between tri- and diphosphonucleosides. The catalytic Many nucleoside diphosphate (NDP) kinases are ubiquitous enzymes responsible for the exchange of ${\gamma}$-phosphates between tri- and diphosphonucleosides. The catalytic reaction follows a ping-pong mechanism in which the enzyme is transiently phosphorylated on a histidine residue conserved in all nucleoside diphosphate kinases. Beside their role in nucleotide synthesis, these enzymes present additional functions, possibly independent of catalysis, in processes such as differentiation, cell growth, tumor progression, metastasis and development. To clone murine nm23-M5, several expressed sequence tags (ESTs) of the GenBank data base, selected according to their homology to nm23-H5 cDNA, reconstituted a complete open reading frame (GenBank AF222750). To test whether murine NDPKs (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6) can inhibit Bax-mediated toxicity in yeast, co-transformation was performed respectively. The yeast S.cerevisiae was transformed with a copy expression plasmid containing the histidine selection marker and expressing murine Bax under the control of a galactose-inducible promoter. Several clones were selected and found to be growth inhibited when Bax expression was induced with galactose. A representative clone was transformed again with a copy expression plasmid containing the tryptophane selection marker and expressing either murine Bcl-xL or NDPK under the control of a galactose-inducible promoter. Several subclones of the double-transformants were selected and characterized. The ability of Bcl-xL and NDPKs to suppress Bax-mediated toxicity was determined by growing yeast cells overnight in galactose media and spot-testing on galactose plates starting with an equal number of yeast cells as determined by taking the OD$_{600}$. Ten-fold serial dilutions were used in the spot-test. Plates were grown at 3$0^{\circ}C$ for 2-3 days. All murine NDPKs suppressed Bax dependent apoptosis. Futher study will be peformed whether Bax-toxicity inhibition was caused by NDP kinase activity or additional function.n.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.172-177
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• 2007

Thyroid hormones play an important role in regulating metabolism and can affect homeostasis of fat depots. The gene encoding thyroglobulin (TG), producing the precursor for thyroid hormones, has been proposed as a positional and functional candidate gene for a QTL with an effect on fat deposition. The SNP occurs in the 5' promoter region of the TG gene and is widely used in marker assisted selection (MAS) programs to improve the predictability of marbling level and eating quality in beef cattle. In this study, we identified three SNPs at the 5' promoter region of the TG gene in Korean cattle. Of the three SNPs identified in TG gene, the C257T and A335G were previously unreported new SNPs. The sequence data were submitted to GenBank (GenBank accession number: AY615525). The previously reported C422T SNP showed three genotypes, CC, CT and TT, by digestion with the restriction enzyme MflI using the PCR-RFLP method. A new allelic variant corresponding to the C${\rightarrow}$T and A${\rightarrow}$G mutations at positions 257 and 335, respectively, could be detected by the SSCP analysis. The gene-specific SNP marker association analysis indicated that the C422T SNP marker was significantly associated (p<0.05) with marbling score. Animals with the CC and CT genotypes had higher marbling score than those with the TT genotype. Results from this study suggest that TG gene-specific SNP may be a useful marker for meat quality traits in future MAS programs in Korean cattle.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.406-411
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• 2008

This study was conducted to examine the quality enhancement of fermented soybean pastes (cheonggukjang) using microorganisms with high enzyme activities and proper experimental design. The microorganisms for soybean paste fermentation were selected from a specific area of Gyeonggi and were idenlified by 16S rDNA sequence analysis. To prepare the cheonggukjang, an optimum mixing ratio of selected microorganisms was determined using contour plots and numerical optimization methods. A total of 39 microorganisms were isolated from the soybean paste, consisting primarily of Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis, and no mold was found. Three microorganisms showing high enzyme activities were selected and used to formulate an optimum mixing ratio for cheonggukjang preparation. Based on levels of amino-nitrogen, ammonium-nitrogen, antioxidant activity values, and sensory preference results, the optimum mixing ratio of 50% of Bacillus sp. SC-1 and 50% SC-3 was suggested for the manufacture of high quality of cheonggukjang.

• Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.243-249
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• 2013

Objectives: This study assessed the status of domestic industrial hygiene laboratories using data from on-site investigation for revision of quality control systems in 2012-2013. Methods: The target laboratories were 60 industrial hygiene laboratories chosen by random selection and nationwide distribution which had participated in on-site investigations for revision of quality control systems from March 2012 to August 2013. The investigation was performed on-site following standard quality control procedures. The score between each group was compared using Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis tests, and the correlation between analytical career, sex, academic major of analyst and score of analytical performance was expressed as Spearman's rank correlation coefficient. Results: The assessment revealed that the items to be improved, in sequence, were effort at staff training (score 65.5), ability to calculate data (score 73.4), establishment of internal quality control guidelines (score 75.7), laboratory facilities (score 77.1), degree of understanding and skill at gas chromatography (score 77.1). Analysis performance showed a positive correlation with career of analyst (r=0.56, p<0.01). Conclusions: The practice of on-site investigation for quality control systems showed the current status of industrial hygiene laboratories in the first trial. There were many laboratories which needed improvement and development of analytical systems. This assessment can provide information for the systematic operation and improvement of facilities at each laboratory. Further practice of this investigation will lead to a proficiency testing and accreditation system for autonomous quality control as is the practice in many countries, rather than mandatory practice by legal regulation.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.13 no.11
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• pp.5458-5464
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• 2012

In LTE-Advanced that different networks coexist, it is considered that it is actually difficult to provide service continuity with a procedural and static control method applied to the existing voice service. This research suggests a resource management framework to support the service continuity effectively based on QoS support. In other words, as context information of mobile terminal and base station changes, set-up of related functions such as ISHO, cell selection, source allocation, load control, and QoS mapping is adapted; each function fits into the change, exchanges the process of reorganization, and interacts; these actions go toward to satisfy service continuity. For this aim, the sequence diagram between the function modules for supporting four kind of ISHO is described and then a scenario for ISHO is considered.