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Diagnostic Value of Serum Cytokeratin 8, 18 and 19 in Lung Cancer (폐암에서 혈중 Cytokeratin 8, 18, 19의 진단적 가치)

  • Choi, Chang Min;Kim, Woo Jin;Oh, Jin Young;Kang, Young Ae;Yoo, Chul Gyu;Lee, Choon Taek;Kim, Young Whan;Han, Sung Koo;Shim, Young-Soo
    • Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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    • v.55 no.4
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    • pp.388-394
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    • 2003
  • Background : Monoclonal antibodies directed against well-known epitopes on cytokeratin (CK) 8, 18 and 19 (Monototal) have been used in the development of a new diagnostic tool for lung cancer. In the mid-1990s, CK 19 fragments (Cyfra 21-1) became popular and widely used for such diagnosis. This is the first study specifically designed to compare these two markers. Method : The serum levels of CK 8, 18 and 19 were measured using two-site monoclonal/polyclonal immunoradiometric assay kit in 57 healthy adults and 289 patients who were admitted to Seoul National University Hospital from May to September, 2002. The lung cancer group comprised 129 primary lung cancer patients; 116 with non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC) and 13 with small cell lung cancer (SCLC). The control group comprised 160 non-malignant pulmonary lung disease patients and 57 healthy adults. A total of 166 twin Monototal and Cyfra 21-1 serum assays were obtained; 76 with lung cancer, 70 with non-malignant pulmonary lung disease and 20 healthy adults. Results : The mean serum value of Monototal was $412.47{\pm}455.45U/L$ in NSCLC, $237.08{\pm}145.15U/L$ in SCLC, $126.54{\pm}95.72U/L$ in non-malignant pulmonary lung disease, and $63.68{\pm}31.66U/L$ in healthy adults. The serum values of the lung cancer groups were significantly higher than those of the control group (p<0.01). Using a cut off value of 188U/L, sensitivity and specificity was 66.4% and 81.9% in NSCLC, and 43.8% and 81.9% in SCLC, respectively. The serum levels of CK 8, 18 and 19 were higher in advanced NSCLC than in early stage disease. Conclusion : The serum levels of CK 8, 18 and 19 may be useful in the diagnosis of NSCLC.

A New Method for Unconstrained Pulse Arrival Time (PAT) Measurement on a Chair

  • Kim Ko-Keun;Chee Young-Joon;Lim Yong-Gyu;Choi Jin-Wook;Park Kwang-Suk
    • Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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    • v.27 no.3
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    • pp.83-88
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    • 2006
  • A new method of measuring pulse arrival time (PAT), which is usually used for the estimation of systolic blood pressure, in an unconstrained manner using a chair, is proposed. The capacitive-coupled ECG (CC-ECG) measurement system and the air cushion with balancing tubes system were used for unconstrained PAT measurement. Firstly, the correlation between the standard PAT (S-PAT) from the photoplethysmography (PPG) and the PAT measured in an unconstrained manner (U-PAT) was evaluated. It was observed that U-PAT, which is the time delay from the R-peak of ECG to the steepest decent point of air cushion pressure wave, is significantly correlated with the S-PAT. Secondly, systolic blood pressure (SBP) measured by the radial tonometer is compared to the U-PAT. The ten-beat averaged U-PAT removed respiration effects and demonstrated a high intra-subject correlation with SBP in all participants. Finally, the tonometry SBP was estimated from these U-PAT values for one participant intermittently during half a day.

A Study on Development of u-learning Contents for Enhancing Web Accessibility of the Handicapped (장애인의 웹접근성 향상을 위한 u-러닝 콘텐츠 개발 연구)

  • Choi, Yu-Jin;Jun, Woo-Chun
    • 한국정보교육학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 2010.01a
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    • pp.253-258
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    • 2010
  • 지식정보화 시대에서 정보는 사회적 부를 창출하는 수단이며 그 자체로서 가치를 지니기도 한다. 하지만 사회적 약자인 장애인들은 정보접근과 활용에서 소외되고 있다. 이를 해결하기 위해 웹접근성을 향상시키는 것이 중요한 문제이다. 이에 본 논문에서는 웹접근성의 의미와 u-러닝의 의미, 그리고 u-러닝이 주는 학습적 효과를 알아보고 u-러닝 콘텐츠에 웹접근성을 향상시켰을 때 얻을 수 있는 이점에 대해 알아보고자 하며, 장애인의 웹접근성을 향상시키는 u-러닝 콘텐츠를 개발하는 데 목적이 있다. 본 연구에서는 다음과 같은 제안을 한다. 첫째, 시작장애인을 위한 보조기능이 존재해야 한다. 둘째, u-러닝 콘텐츠의 색채구성에 유의해야 한다. 셋째, 청각장애인을 위한 서비스를 제공해야 한다. 넷째, 장애인에게 적절한 모바일 기기를 선택해야 한다.

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ELEMENTARY PROOF OF THE NONEXISTENCE OF NODAL SOLUTIONS FOR SOME QUASILINEAR ELLIPTIC EQUATIONS

  • Soo Hyun Bae;Dae Hyeon Pahk
    • Communications of the Korean Mathematical Society
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    • v.10 no.4
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    • pp.925-929
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    • 1995
  • Consider the problem $-div($\mid$\bigtriangledown_u$\mid$^{p-2}\bigtriangledown_u) = $\mid$u$\mid$^{p^*-2}u + \lambda$\mid$u$\mid$^{q-2}u$ in B, u = 0 on $\partial B$; where $B \subset R^n$ is a ball, $\lambda < 0, 1 < p < n$ and $p^* = \frac{np}{n-p}$ is the critical Sobolev exponent. For given $\lambda > 0$, we show that there exists $k = k(\lambda) \in N$ such that any radial solutions to this problem have at most k noda curves when $p \leq q \leq p^* - 1$.

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Nucleotide Triphosphates Inhibit the Degradation of Unfolded Proteins by HslV Peptidase

  • Lee, Jung Wook;Park, Eunyong;Bang, Oksun;Eom, Soo-Hyun;Cheong, Gang-Won;Chung, Chin Ha;Seol, Jae Hong
    • Molecules and Cells
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    • v.23 no.2
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    • pp.252-257
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    • 2007
  • Escherichia coli HslVU is an ATP-dependent protease consisting of two heat shock proteins, the HslU ATPase and HslV peptidase. In the reconstituted enzyme, HslU stimulates the proteolytic activity of HslV by one to two orders of magnitude, while HslV increases the rate of ATP hydrolysis by HslU several-fold. Here we show that HslV alone can efficiently degrade certain unfolded proteins, such as unfolded lactalbumin and lysozyme prepared by complete reduction of disulfide bonds, but not their native forms. Furthermore, HslV alone cleaved a lactalbumin fragment sandwiched by two thioredoxin molecules, indicating that it can hydrolyze the internal peptide bonds of lactalbumin. Surprisingly, ATP inhibited the degradation of unfolded proteins by HslV. This inhibitory effect of ATP was markedly diminished by substitution of the Arg86 residue located in the apical pore of HslV with Gly, suggesting that interaction of ATP with the Arg residue blocks access of unfolded proteins to the proteolytic chamber of HslV. These results suggest that uncomplexed HslV is inactive under normal conditions, but may can degrade unfolded proteins when the ATP level is low, as it is during carbon starvation.

Legal improvement for U-City (정보도시와 제도정비)

  • Choi, Yun-Soo;Jun, Chul-Min;Park, Ji-Hye
    • 한국공간정보시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 2005.11a
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    • pp.87-91
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    • 2005
  • 최근 언론매체나 인터넷을 통해 자주 접하게 되는 용어 중 하나가 '유비쿼터스'이다. 각종 서비스, 도시건설, 아파트 등 다양한 대상에 'Ubiquitous' 또는 'U-'라는 수식어를 붙이는 것을 흔히 접할 수 있으며, 마치 매우 편리한 환경을 상징하는 키워드처럼 인식되고 있다. 이와 관련하여 현재 우리나라에서는 정보화도시(U-City 또는 디지털시티라고도 함) 건설 추진 및 그에 대한 논의가 활기를 띠고 있다. 이를 통한다면 우리나라는 건설 및 IT강국이라는 핵심역량을 바탕으로 내수경기 부양뿐만 아니라 지역 간 불균형을 해소할 수 있고, 국내성공 사례로 글로벌 시장개척을 위할 수 있으며 넓게는 동북아 비즈니스 허브구축의 발판이 마련될 수 있겠다. 이밖에도 정보화도시(U-City)건설은 많은 산업화의 가치를 가지고 있기 때문에 정부와 지자체, 또한 기업체에서 기술 개발 및 시범사업에 박차를 가하고 있다. 그러나 새로운 도시유형으로서 정보화도시(U-City)의 개념은 아직까지 제도적으로 정립되어 있지 않을 뿐만 아니라 도시건설 시 어떤 특별한 유인책도 마련되어 있지 않다. 그리하여 지방자치단체, 공기업 등 추진주체마다 전개되는 양상이 다르며 이에 수반되는 다양한 문제가 발생한다. 따라서 정보화도시(U-City)의 성공을 위해서는 글로벌 인재들이 유인할 수 있는 매력을 갖추어야 하며 사회적 투자를 지속시킬 수 있는 효과적 방안이 필요하겠고 핵심기술과 이의 활용방안이 마련되어야겠다. 그러나 무엇보다도 정보화도시 건설관련 법, 제도, 사회시스템 정비가 선행되어야하겠다.

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Evaluation of reference value of anti-Glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody for cerebrospinal fluid (뇌척수액에서 항 Glutamic acid decarboxylase 항체검사의 참고치 설정)

  • Park, Min-Ho;Shin, Sun-Young;Youn, Tae-Seok;Shin, Hi-Jung;Noh, Gyeong-Woon
    • The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine Technology
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    • v.21 no.2
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    • pp.28-30
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    • 2017
  • Purpose Anti-Glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody test (GAD Ab) has been used as a predictor of type 1 diabetes. GAD Ab has also been shown to be highly potent in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of patients with suspected diabetic peripheral neuropathy. Recently, it has been known that clinical significance of GAD Ab using CSF is useful for the neurological disorders. However, the reference value of anti-GAD Ab has been provided only for serum. In this experiment, we estimated the reference value of anti-GAD antibody for CSF in neurological patients. Materials and Methods A total of 211 neurological patients were enrolled. Serum and CSF were analyzed by radioimmunoassay (RIA) using commercial RIA anti-GAD Ab kit (RSR, London, United Kingdom). Normal saline was used as the normal CSF control because CSF is most similar to 0.9% normal saline. Results The mean value of normal CSF control was 1.97 U/mL, and two standard deviations (2SD) was 1.44 U/mL. Based on this data, the expected reference range of CSF could be estimated from 0.54 U/mL to 3.40 U/mL Conclusion The reference range of normal CSF control using normal saline obtained with Hoffmann's method. However, there will be a need to validate the CSF reference values using human normal CSF.

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Utilizing Spatial-data to Provide for U-Service Based on U-GIS

  • Lee, Seok-Ho;Lee, Ji-Yeong;Kim, Hyong-Bok
    • Spatial Information Research
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    • v.17 no.4
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    • pp.405-416
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    • 2009
  • According to the changes of the city's paradigm, the demand on u-City increases rapidly. u-City has been built at 54 areas in Korea (as of May 2009). One of the important determinants of success or failure in the increasing of u-City is how to provide u-Services. Most current u-Services are Sensor Network-based monitoring services to manage urban infrastructure. u-GIS is one of fundamental requirements to implement 'any time and any where' u-Service which covers the essential meaningful term "ubiquitous". Hence, in this paper, we 1) describe the definition of the spatial awareness, 2) discuss how to converge (Spatial Embedding) among different spatial data : topographic spatial data, sensor spatial data, and more, 3) bring forth an advanced form of u-Service, 4) analyze the state-of-the-art u-GIS techniques.

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Survey for U-Greenhouse System Technology (U-온실 시스템 기술에 대한 분석)

  • Park, Sang-Oh;Lee, Yang-Sun;Kim, Se-Han;Park, Ji-Soo;Yi, Ki-Jung;Park, Jong-Hyuk
    • Journal of Advanced Navigation Technology
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    • v.16 no.1
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    • pp.89-95
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    • 2012
  • This paper introduces domestic and international trends and researches related with U-Greenhouse systems. USN (Ubiquitous Sensor Networks), along with the development of networks as well as science and technology, is a new computing paradigm which is the convergence of user-oriented physical activity space and virtual space of electronics and computing and also provides services according to change in surrounding environment at anytime and anywhere. The U-Greenhouse system is to apply USN to agricultural production, logistics and distribution management which are relatively insufficient to utilize IT technology. Thus, applying u-IT technology to agriculture can reinforces international competitiveness of the agricultural sector through the effects such as cost cutting as a rise in output, logistics and distribution management.

The Combined Effect of Gamma Knife Irradiation and p53 Gene Transfection in Human Malignant Glioma Cell Lines

  • Kim, Jeong-Eun;Paek, Sun-Ha;Kim, Dong-Gyu;Chung, Hyun-Tai;Kim, Young-Yim;Jung, Hee-Won
    • Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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    • v.37 no.1
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    • pp.48-53
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    • 2005
  • Objective: The purpose of this study is to elucidate in vitro responses to combined gamma knife irradiation and p53 gene transfection on human malignant glioma cell lines. Methods: Two malignant human glioma cell lines, U87MG (p53-wild type) and U373MG (p53-mutant) were transfected with an adenoviral vector containing p53 (MOI of 50) before and after applying 20Gy of gamma irradiation. Various assessments were performed, including, cell viability by MTT assay; apoptosis by annexin assay; and cell cycle by flow cytometry, for the seven groups: mock, p53 only, gamma knife (GK) only, GK after LacZ, LacZ after GK, GK after p53, p53 after GK. Results: Cell survival decreased especially, in the subgroup transfected with p53 after gamma irradiation. Apoptosis tended to increase in p53 transfected U373 MG after gamma irradiation (apoptotic rate, 38.9%). The G2-M phase cell cycle arrest markedly increased by transfecting with p53, 48 hours after gamma knife irradiation in U373 MG (G2-M phase, 90.8%). Conclusion: These results suggest that the in vitro effects of combined gamma knife irradiation and p53 gene transfection is an augmentation of apoptosis and G2-M phase cell cycle arrest, which are more exaggerated in U373 MG with p53 transfection after gamma knife irradiation.