• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.49-60
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• 2002

The aims of the study are first, in other to meet the demand for a new product design process, to review the prototype theory and to find out the conceptual structure of product aesthetics, which is another properly thought to be as important as the typical pattern in an effort to patch up the theory second to help designers overcome the limits of idea generation and create consumer oriented designs with a high success rate by setting up a new product design process that is established through the application of the aesthetically influential factor 'proportion'based on the preceeding studies that tested product aesthetics measuring devices. In other words, this study tries to find out product categories, making use of the prototype theory to introduce an ideal proportion for product design, recognizing the importance of proportion by conducting product pattern analysis: to create a differentiated method that can product consumer oriented designs, even if it only manipulate proportion and to establish a new design process that can systematically explain the methodology for various form generation that applies proportion. This study reviews the theoretical aspects of concepts pertaining to the above … and, based on them, empirically tests them by patting to use the programs, for proportion manipulation. This study was conducted in the following way: To begin with, this study takes out proportion out of some aesthetically influential factors that has a great impact on the way consumers prefer certain product designs and tries to see how proportion affects the consumer preference when consumers select a product. In addition, we could analyze the difference between the ideal proportion that consumers prefer and the traditional golden proportion produced through theoretical studies. The correlations between preferred proportion and ideal proportion, and preferred proportion and golden proportion could be shown. In order that we may create form variations through more detailed proportion manipulation on the basis of the ideal proportion verified as preferable, we again applied the proportion factor to the process utilizing PDS(proportion Distortion System). In the way the restraint of form generation could be pursued. All in all, this study makes an attempt to set up a design process to create new product forms through the application of Proportion.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.61-70
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to develop 'Emotion Rating Scale induced by Odors'and to identify the structure of odor emotion induced by odors. At first 37 adjectives that describe odor to develop a rating scale were selected. Subjects were to rate odor emotion on a 7-point bipolar scale. 304 subjects participated and were as a group instructed to rate odor emotion. 53 out of 304 subjects were retested to test for reliability of the scale two weeks after under the same condition and finally 25 adjectives were then selected based on high test-retest reliability and factor loading, high contributing to one factor. 24 subjects each in 10s, 20s, 30s & 40s were to rate odor emotion induced by 5 different odors on the scale developed. The structure of odor emotion consisted of 'Esthetics', 'Intensity', 'Romance', 'Nature'and 'Character'. The structure of odor emotion by age appeared quite similar but that by different odors was little bit different.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.23-28
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• 2004

In this paper, we investigated the affective components of facial beauty. In study 1, we did factor analysis of affective evaluations of the faces, and about 65% of the variances are explained by only two factors. Two factors were named 'sharp' and 'soft', respectively. In study 2, the correlation between facial beauty and affective evaluations was analyzed, and the correlation between facial beauty and sharp factor was significant. In study 3, we made the new images by morphing and warping the faces: 'average', 'high-ranked', and 'exaggerated'. The participants evaluated the 'high-ranked' face more beautiful than the 'average' face, and the 'exaggerated' face more beautiful than the 'high-ranked' face. The rating of affective words on the faces showed that the 'average' face was related to 'soft' impression, the 'high-ranked' image to 'sharp' impression, and the 'exaggerated' face might have double impression. These results might support the directional hypothesis for the facial beauty.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.79-90
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• 2010

This study is aimed to compare cross-cultural individualism, and consider an influence of nationality, gender and age on individualistic propensity. The survey data include 271 Chinese, 251 Japanese, 262 Netherlander and 267 Korean. The result of factor analysis, four factors named independent action, profit and opinion, indifference on other and will, were found out. The result of comparison on nationality, Netherlander and Japanese has a strong individualistic propensity, and Korean has a remarkable collective propensity. Chinese were middle grade among 4 countries. It can be said that certain factors correlated with a certain country, because Netherlander's answer on questions belonged to profit and opinion factor were highest, and Japanese's one belonged to indifference on other were highest. On gender, Man was more individualistic better than woman. On age, twenties has strong collective propensity better than other age groups. The number of significant difference on comparison among countries is 21 in 21 questions, but the number on gender or age is 6 or 7. Therefore, it can be said that nationality (or culture) is most useful variable to grasp individualism.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.279-284
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• 2010

This paper surveys basic research for data base system of the fabric structural design. For this purpose, the weave density coefficients of the worsted and cotton fabrics are analysed and discussed with cover factors suggested by Prof. Walz and Picanol company. And the relationship between weave density coefficients and cover factors of the worsted and cotton woven fabrics was analysed and discussed with weave pattern and yarn count. Finally, the process shrinkages of dyeing and finishing processes according to the weave density coefficients of the worsted and cotton fabrics were analysed and discussed as a preliminary study for the data base system of the fabric structural design. As a result, the density coefficients, K values of the worsted and cotton fabrics were ranged from 600 to 1000, and the weave density coefficients of those fabrics are ranged from 0.4 to 0.8 and from 0.2 to 1.0, respectively. The finishing shrinkages for the worsted fabrics are ranged from 2% to 10%, and for cotton fabrics, it was from 2% to 20%. The weave density coefficients of the worsted and cotton fabrics could be distributed according to the looms, weave pattern and weaving and finishing shrinkages as a concept of the data base for the fabric structural design.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.355-363
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• 2005

The adjectives for represnting emotions is important to evaluate and select the colors or color patterns. In this paper, we perform the MDS analysis, factor analysis, and cluster analysis to the Soen's experimental data obtained from the evaluation of random color patterns with 13 adjective pairs. As a result, those adjectives can be reduced 3 different factors representing emotions of weight, activity and temperature, which is approximately corresponds the results of previous researches on single colors. Also, we show that the adjectives for preference can be approximate4 by other primary adjectives for color patterns using regression analysis. This implies that one can construct a uniform emotion space for evaluating and selecting color patterns regardless of objects such as wall papers, carpets, and so on.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.89-100
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• 2019

Sleep apnea, a medical condition associated with a variety of complications, is generally monitored by standard sleep polysomnography, which is expensive and uncomfortable. To overcome these limitations, this study proposes an unconstrained wearable monitoring system with stretch-fiber sensors that integrate with the wearer's clothing. The system allows patients to undergo examinations in a familiar environment while minimizing the occurrence of skin allergies caused by adhesive tools. As smart clothing for adult males with sleep apnea, long-sleeved T-shirts embedding fibrous sensors were developed, enabling real-time monitoring of the patients' breathing rate, oxygen saturation, and airflow as sleep apnea diagnostic indicators. The gauge factor was measured as 20.3 in sample 4. The maximum breathing intake, measured during three large breaths, was 2048 ml. the oxygen saturation was measured before and during breath-holding. The oxygen saturation change was 69.45%, showing a minimum measurable oxygen saturation of 70%. After washing the garment, the gauge factor reduced only to 18.0, confirming the durability of the proposed system. The wearable sleep apnea monitoring smart clothes are readily available in the home and can measure three indicators of sleep apnea: respiration rate, breathing flow and oxygen saturation.

• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.49-60
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• 2003

The human sensibility product design requires information on consumer's emotions such as vision, auditory, olfactory, gustatory, or tactile perceptions. In this study, tactile sense which has not been well studied compared to other senses, is measured and statistically analysed. The emotional responses of 37 pairs of positive and negative adjectives describing tactile senses are collected and analysed through the questionnaire to find the correlation between adjectives and surface roughness of the sample. Mean ranks for 37 pairs of adjectives on four samples are obtained, and used to cluster these adjectives by factor analysis, multidimensional scaling, or cluster analysis.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.27-38
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• 2011

This study was aimed to investigate the effects of restaurant in-store color and music congruency on consumer's emotional responses and behavioral intentions. The web survey was conducted among 400 customers(aged from 20~39 years old) who lived in Seoul and Kyunggi, Incheon Province. To find ensemble effect of color and music, 3D studio MAX were used to make high-stimulus(exciting) and low-stimulus(calm) and 3D virtual reality restaurant simulation stimulus were applied. The statistical data analyses were performed using SPSS/WIN 18.0 and reliability analysis, factor analysis, regression analysis were used. Based on the result of the conducting factor analysis, emotional responses were classified into 2 factors: positive emotion and negative emotion. Satisfaction was classified into 1 factor: satisfaction. Loyalty was classified into 1 factor: loyalty. Cronbach's alpha was calculated for the reliability of the survey instrument. Consequently, restaurant in-store color and music congruency were shown to affect positive emotion and negative emotion. Positive emotion and negative emotion were shown to affect satisfaction. Satisfaction were shown to affect loyalty. Music congruency had a higher effect on positive emotion than color congruency. Color congruency had a higher effect on negative emotion than music congruency. The results of this study will serve as a basis of color and music congruency with restaurant atmospherics.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.21-26
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• 2012

Haptic device is regarded as the human machine interface technology for easier, more accurate, and intuitive operation. The purpose of this study is to define driver's affection on the haptic device in terms of its design factor : the color of haptic lighting as independent factor. This paper is studied to improve the cognitive ability of existing vehicle haptic device used by only a tactile feedback. On the color feedback usability evaluation, the lmino haptic device is used by adding color feedback to the existing vehicle haptic device. The emotional factor that driver has on the haptic device is extracted by the sensibility analysis. As a result, it is possible to suggest the design direction that satisfies the driver.