• Title/Summary/Keyword: Semantic Approach

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The Basic Concepts Classification as a Bottom-Up Strategy for the Semantic Web

  • Szostak, Rick
    • International Journal of Knowledge Content Development & Technology
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    • v.4 no.1
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    • pp.39-51
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    • 2014
  • The paper proposes that the Basic Concepts Classification (BCC) could serve as the controlled vocabulary for the Semantic Web. The BCC uses a synthetic approach among classes of things, relators, and properties. These are precisely the sort of concepts required by RDF triples. The BCC also addresses some of the syntactic needs of the Semantic Web. Others could be added to the BCC in a bottom-up process that carefully evaluates the costs, benefits, and best format for each rule considered.

Push Service Technique based on Semantic Web for Personalized Services (개인화서비스를 위한 시맨틱웹 기반 푸시서비스 기법)

  • Kim, Ju-Yeon;Kim, Jong-Woo;Kim, Jin-Chun
    • The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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    • v.10 no.6
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    • pp.18-26
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    • 2010
  • Many personalized services that provide users with adaptive information according to users' preferences have been researched and developed. Push services are especially expected to be more economic impact because push services satisfy user's potential needs even if the user does not require anything. In this paper, we propose Semantic Web approach in order to enhance the performance of push services. Our approach provides infrastructure to recommend contents based on semantic association by enabling information of contents and user preferences to be described on service-specific ontologies that reflect features of each service. In addition, our approach can recommend users with adaptive information based on information represented in our description model. Our approach enables information of contents and user preferences to be described with rich expressiveness, and it provides semantic interoperability.

A new human-robot interaction method using semantic symbols

  • Park, Sang-Hyun;Hwang, Jung-Hoon;Kwon, Dong-Soo
    • 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 2004.08a
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    • pp.2005-2010
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    • 2004
  • As robots become more prevalent in human daily life, situations requiring interaction between humans and robots will occur more frequently. Therefore, human-robot interaction (HRI) is becoming increasingly important. Although robotics researchers have made many technical developments in their field, intuitive and easy ways for most common users to interact with robots are still lacking. This paper introduces a new approach to enhance human-robot interaction using a semantic symbol language and proposes a method to acquire the intentions of robot users. In the proposed approach, each semantic symbol represents knowledge about either the environment or an action that a robot can perform. Users'intentions are expressed by symbolized multimodal information. To interpret a users'command, a probabilistic approach is used, which is appropriate for interpreting a freestyle user expression or insufficient input information. Therefore, a first-order Markov model is constructed as a probabilistic model, and a questionnaire is conducted to obtain state transition probabilities for this Markov model. Finally, we evaluated our model to show how well it interprets users'commands.

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Access Control as a Service for Information Protection in Semantic Web based Smart Environment

  • Siddiqui, Isma Farah;Lee, Scott Uk-Jin
    • Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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    • v.17 no.5
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    • pp.9-16
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    • 2016
  • Pervasive computing and Internet of Things (IoT) have recently received considerable interest to deploy solutions for the future Internet. Smart environments are integrated with Semantic Web to provide context-awareness to the processed information. Self-learning techniques have been adopted within smart solutions for efficient retrieval of data but do not process data with privacy parameters for in-place authorization. To overcome this issue, we present a novel approach of deploying access control as a service mechanism within Semantic Web based smart environment by using eXtensible Access Control Markup Language (XACML). The proposed XACML as a Service (XACMLaaS) approach offers fine-grained access control for protecting information within smart environment. In this paper, we have defined mathematical rules for each components of proposed access control service layer. These rules are for implementation of access control using XACML. The proposed approach allows the adaptation of authorization of information at component level and provides scalable solution for authorization policies and rule enforcement within smart environment.

Sentiment Analysis of User-Generated Content on Drug Review Websites

  • Na, Jin-Cheon;Kyaing, Wai Yan Min
    • Journal of Information Science Theory and Practice
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    • v.3 no.1
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    • pp.6-23
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    • 2015
  • This study develops an effective method for sentiment analysis of user-generated content on drug review websites, which has not been investigated extensively compared to other general domains, such as product reviews. A clause-level sentiment analysis algorithm is developed since each sentence can contain multiple clauses discussing multiple aspects of a drug. The method adopts a pure linguistic approach of computing the sentiment orientation (positive, negative, or neutral) of a clause from the prior sentiment scores assigned to words, taking into consideration the grammatical relations and semantic annotation (such as disorder terms) of words in the clause. Experiment results with 2,700 clauses show the effectiveness of the proposed approach, and it performed significantly better than the baseline approaches using a machine learning approach. Various challenging issues were identified and discussed through error analysis. The application of the proposed sentiment analysis approach will be useful not only for patients, but also for drug makers and clinicians to obtain valuable summaries of public opinion. Since sentiment analysis is domain specific, domain knowledge in drug reviews is incorporated into the sentiment analysis algorithm to provide more accurate analysis. In particular, MetaMap is used to map various health and medical terms (such as disease and drug names) to semantic types in the Unified Medical Language System (UMLS) Semantic Network.

Improving The Performance of Triple Generation Based on Distant Supervision By Using Semantic Similarity (의미 유사도를 활용한 Distant Supervision 기반의 트리플 생성 성능 향상)

  • Yoon, Hee-Geun;Choi, Su Jeong;Park, Seong-Bae
    • Journal of KIISE
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    • v.43 no.6
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    • pp.653-661
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    • 2016
  • The existing pattern-based triple generation systems based on distant supervision could be flawed by assumption of distant supervision. For resolving flaw from an excessive assumption, statistics information has been commonly used for measuring confidence of patterns in previous studies. In this study, we proposed a more accurate confidence measure based on semantic similarity between patterns and properties. Unsupervised learning method, word embedding and WordNet-based similarity measures were adopted for learning meaning of words and measuring semantic similarity. For resolving language discordance between patterns and properties, we adopted CCA for aligning bilingual word embedding models and a translation-based approach for a WordNet-based measure. The results of our experiments indicated that the accuracy of triples that are filtered by the semantic similarity-based confidence measure was 16% higher than that of the statistics-based approach. These results suggested that semantic similarity-based confidence measure is more effective than statistics-based approach for generating high quality triples.

Real-time Data Integration using Ontology and Semantic Mediators (온톨로지와 시맨틱 중재 에이전트를 이용한 실시간 통합 환경 구축에 관한 연구)

  • Park, Jin-Soo
    • Asia pacific journal of information systems
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    • v.16 no.4
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    • pp.151-178
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    • 2006
  • The objective of this research is to develop a formal framework and methodology to facilitate real-time data integration, thus enabling semantic interoperability among distributed and heterogeneous information systems. The proposed approach is based on the concepts of "ontology" and "semantic mediators." An ontology is developed and used to capture the intension (including structure, integrity rules and meta-properties) of the database schema. We also develop the agent communication protocol for semantic reconciliation, which is based on the theory of speech acts and agent communication language. This protocol is used by a set of semantic mediators, which automatically detect and resolve various semantic conflicts at the data- and schema-levels by referring to the ontology. A mediation-based query processing technique is developed to provide uniform and integrated access to the multiple heterogeneous information sources. Prototype tools are being implemented to provide proof of concept for this work.

Semantic Object Modeling for Shopping Mall Database Design (쇼핑몰 데이터베이스 설계를 위한 의미객체 모델링)

  • Jeon, Tae-Bo;Kim, Ki-Dong;Oh, Jun-Hyung
    • Journal of Industrial Technology
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    • v.25 no.A
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    • pp.123-131
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    • 2005
  • Semantic object model has widely been recognized as an alternative data modeling approach to entity-relationship model for database system design. In this study, we have presented a semantic object model for intermediary type shopping mall consisting of multiple buyers and sellers. Essential processes and information with regard to the customer management, product management, price estimation, product order etc. have been considered for this study. Upon careful examination and analysis of them, a detailed semantic objects and attributes have been drawn and structured into semantic object diagrams. The final objects were converted into an entity-relationship diagram so that intuitive comparison could be made for relational database design. The results in this study may form a conceptual framework for both academic concerns and more complicated system applications.

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Personalized Book Recommendation System based on Semantic Web (시맨틱웹 기반 개인 맞춤형 도서 추천 시스템)

  • Kim, Jin-Chun
    • Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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    • v.15 no.5
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    • pp.1097-1104
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    • 2011
  • In this paper, we propose a semantic web approach for personalized book recommendation. Our approach takes advantage of the content-based recommendation and improves its disadvantage that users should input their interesting fields into all book search systems they use. Our approach provides the sharing of users' profile with their interesting fields by enabling user's interesting fields to be described over each book classification ontology of various book information providers. We also provide a middleware that manages users' profiles written in RDF and analizes similarity between user's interesting field and each concept over the book classification ontology. Our approach provide better performance than traditional keyword-based search by sharing the user's profile among book recommendation systems.

A Ranking Algorithm for Semantic Web Resources: A Class-oriented Approach (시맨틱 웹 자원의 랭킹을 위한 알고리즘: 클래스중심 접근방법)

  • Rho, Sang-Kyu;Park, Hyun-Jung;Park, Jin-Soo
    • Asia pacific journal of information systems
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    • v.17 no.4
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    • pp.31-59
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    • 2007
  • We frequently use search engines to find relevant information in the Web but still end up with too much information. In order to solve this problem of information overload, ranking algorithms have been applied to various domains. As more information will be available in the future, effectively and efficiently ranking search results will become more critical. In this paper, we propose a ranking algorithm for the Semantic Web resources, specifically RDF resources. Traditionally, the importance of a particular Web page is estimated based on the number of key words found in the page, which is subject to manipulation. In contrast, link analysis methods such as Google's PageRank capitalize on the information which is inherent in the link structure of the Web graph. PageRank considers a certain page highly important if it is referred to by many other pages. The degree of the importance also increases if the importance of the referring pages is high. Kleinberg's algorithm is another link-structure based ranking algorithm for Web pages. Unlike PageRank, Kleinberg's algorithm utilizes two kinds of scores: the authority score and the hub score. If a page has a high authority score, it is an authority on a given topic and many pages refer to it. A page with a high hub score links to many authoritative pages. As mentioned above, the link-structure based ranking method has been playing an essential role in World Wide Web(WWW), and nowadays, many people recognize the effectiveness and efficiency of it. On the other hand, as Resource Description Framework(RDF) data model forms the foundation of the Semantic Web, any information in the Semantic Web can be expressed with RDF graph, making the ranking algorithm for RDF knowledge bases greatly important. The RDF graph consists of nodes and directional links similar to the Web graph. As a result, the link-structure based ranking method seems to be highly applicable to ranking the Semantic Web resources. However, the information space of the Semantic Web is more complex than that of WWW. For instance, WWW can be considered as one huge class, i.e., a collection of Web pages, which has only a recursive property, i.e., a 'refers to' property corresponding to the hyperlinks. However, the Semantic Web encompasses various kinds of classes and properties, and consequently, ranking methods used in WWW should be modified to reflect the complexity of the information space in the Semantic Web. Previous research addressed the ranking problem of query results retrieved from RDF knowledge bases. Mukherjea and Bamba modified Kleinberg's algorithm in order to apply their algorithm to rank the Semantic Web resources. They defined the objectivity score and the subjectivity score of a resource, which correspond to the authority score and the hub score of Kleinberg's, respectively. They concentrated on the diversity of properties and introduced property weights to control the influence of a resource on another resource depending on the characteristic of the property linking the two resources. A node with a high objectivity score becomes the object of many RDF triples, and a node with a high subjectivity score becomes the subject of many RDF triples. They developed several kinds of Semantic Web systems in order to validate their technique and showed some experimental results verifying the applicability of their method to the Semantic Web. Despite their efforts, however, there remained some limitations which they reported in their paper. First, their algorithm is useful only when a Semantic Web system represents most of the knowledge pertaining to a certain domain. In other words, the ratio of links to nodes should be high, or overall resources should be described in detail, to a certain degree for their algorithm to properly work. Second, a Tightly-Knit Community(TKC) effect, the phenomenon that pages which are less important but yet densely connected have higher scores than the ones that are more important but sparsely connected, remains as problematic. Third, a resource may have a high score, not because it is actually important, but simply because it is very common and as a consequence it has many links pointing to it. In this paper, we examine such ranking problems from a novel perspective and propose a new algorithm which can solve the problems under the previous studies. Our proposed method is based on a class-oriented approach. In contrast to the predicate-oriented approach entertained by the previous research, a user, under our approach, determines the weights of a property by comparing its relative significance to the other properties when evaluating the importance of resources in a specific class. This approach stems from the idea that most queries are supposed to find resources belonging to the same class in the Semantic Web, which consists of many heterogeneous classes in RDF Schema. This approach closely reflects the way that people, in the real world, evaluate something, and will turn out to be superior to the predicate-oriented approach for the Semantic Web. Our proposed algorithm can resolve the TKC(Tightly Knit Community) effect, and further can shed lights on other limitations posed by the previous research. In addition, we propose two ways to incorporate data-type properties which have not been employed even in the case when they have some significance on the resource importance. We designed an experiment to show the effectiveness of our proposed algorithm and the validity of ranking results, which was not tried ever in previous research. We also conducted a comprehensive mathematical analysis, which was overlooked in previous research. The mathematical analysis enabled us to simplify the calculation procedure. Finally, we summarize our experimental results and discuss further research issues.