• 제목/요약/키워드: Self-observation

검색결과 511건 처리시간 0.029초

사회인지이론을 적용한 신체활동에 관한 문헌고찰 (A study on physical activities by applying a social cognitive theory)

  • 한은옥;문인옥
    • 한국학교ㆍ지역보건교육학회지
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    • 제6권
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    • pp.117-126
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    • 2005
  • This study attempted to extract a suggestive point to help the design of a program, which is used to promote physical activities, by applying a social cognitive theory based on literature review on the physical activity based on a social cognitive theory. This study considers 10 journal articles that used a social cognitive theory, physical activity, and exercise as the major variable using the EBSCOhost Academic Search Premier and Educator's Reference Desk (ERIC). The type of papers was analyzed using a certain criterion, which can be configured according to the number of each year's papers, characteristics of research subjects, application type of a social cognitive theory, and classification of the application of objects in a social cognitive theory. The characteristics of each year's papers presented no specific characteristics for each year's papers, but the study in 2004 especially presented a high level. The characteristics of research subjects presented four highest cases in the case of the college student, and there were zero cases for children. The application type of studies on physical activities using a social cognitive theory can be largely classified as three types. The results of the measurement using a sectional investigation for SCT objects were 2 cases, the application of SCT for promoting physical activities was 1 case, and the demonstration of evaluation for the effect of SCT objects presented 8 highest cases. Although the social cognitive theory in the characteristics of the classification of object applications can be classified as 10 objects, there were no cases that used 10 all objects, partial applications of the object were measured in 8 studies, and two cases presented no detailed considerations on the object. Most of studies used a part of the object where the application of self-efficacy were measured by 8 highest cases. In addition, there were no measurements on the situation, observation learning, answer and response, and self-management. The elements of attitude, cognitive activity, self-efficacy, and handicaps among the SCT object were commonly used, and studies that the self-efficacy largely affects on the promotion of physical activities presented the main current.

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혼입불순물이 구리 도금층의 미세조직변화에 미치는 영향 (Influence of Incorporated Impurities on the Evolution of Microstructure in Electro-Deposited Copper Layer)

  • 구석본;전준미;이창면;허진영;이홍기
    • 한국표면공학회지
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    • 제51권4호
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    • pp.191-196
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    • 2018
  • The self-annealing which leads evolution of microstructure in copper electroplating layers at room temperature occurs after forming deposition layer. During the process, crystal orientation, size and sheet resistance of plating layer change. Lastly, it causes the change of physical and mechanical characteristics such as a tensile strength of plating layer. In this study, the variation of incorporated impurities, microstructure and sheet resistance of copper plating layer formed by electroplating are measured with and without inorganic additives during the self-annealing. In case of absence of inorganic additives, the copper layer presents strong total intensity of incorporated impurities. During the self-annealing, such width of reduction was significant. Moreover, microstructure and crystal size are increased while the tensile strength is decreased noticeably. On the other hand, in the presence of inorganic additives, there is no observable distinction in the copper plating layer. According to the observation on movements of the incorporated impurities in electrodeposition copper layer, within 12 hours the impurities are continuously shifted from inside of the plating layer to its surface after as-deposited electroplating. Within 24 hours, except for the small portion of surface layer, it is considered that most of the microstructure is transformed.

생겨난 이의 자기의식 정보 (Self-Consciousness Information of the one who just came up)

  • 김명석
    • 논리연구
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    • 제22권1호
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    • pp.1-23
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    • 2019
  • 리처드 고트, 브랜던 카터, 존 레슬리, 닉 보스트롬 등은 데카르트가 그랬던 것처럼 "나는 지금 여기 관찰자로서 있다"를 다른 주요 믿음들의 증거로 삼았다. 인간 원리 또는 관찰선택 효과를 연구했던 보스트롬 및 여러 학자들은 두 가지 점을 놓치고 있다. 첫째, 처음 생겨난 이가 갖는 자기의식 정보는 다시 깨어난 이가 갖는 자기의식 정보와 다르다. 다시 깨어난 '나'는 기억을 더듬어 과거로 거슬러 갈 수 있지만 새로 생겨난 '나'는 그렇게 할 수 없다. 둘째, 믿음직함을 셈할 때 가능 세계 안에 있는 이들과 실현된 세계 안에 있는 이들을 구별해야 한다. 두 가능 세계들 가운데 하나만 실현되는 상황에서 믿음직함 셈은 두 세계들이 모두 실현되는 상황에서 믿음직함 셈과 근본 차원에서 다르다. 이 점들을 염두에 두면서 우리는 새로 생겨난 이의 자기의식 정보가 어떤 본성을 갖는지 탐구했다. 먼저 보스트롬의 인큐베이터 생각실험을 소개하고 이와 비슷한 두 인간 배아 생각실험을 주의 깊게 살펴보았다. 이로써 우리는 "나는 생겨났다"는 정보와 생겨난 이가 차츰 알게 된 정보는 "누군가 생겨났다"와 다를 바 없는 정보라는 것을 논증했다. 우리 논증이 옳다면 정보 "나는 지금 여기 처음 생겨났다"와 정보 "나는 지금 여기 다시 깨어났다"가 다른 믿음의 믿음직함을 바꾸는 정도는 다르다. 만일 두 정보가 다른 믿음의 믿음직함을 바꾸는 정도가 다르다면 두 정보는 다른 정보인 셈이다.

Capillarity-Driven Self-Assembly of Silver Nanowires-Coated Fibers for Flexible and Stretchable Conductor

  • Li, Yi;Chen, Jun;Han, Xiao;Li, Yinghui;Zhang, Ziqiang;Ma, Yanwen
    • Nano
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    • 제13권12호
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    • pp.1850146.1-1850146.9
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    • 2018
  • The rapid development of smart textiles requires the large-scale fabrication of conductive fibers. In this study, we develop a simple, scalable and low-cost capillary-driven self-assembly method to prepare conductive fibers with uniform morphology, high conductivity and good mechanical strength. Fiber-shaped flexible and stretchable conductors are obtained by coating highly conductive and flexible silver nanowires (Ag NWs) on the surfaces of yarn and PDMS fibers through evaporation-induced flow and capillary-driven self-assembly, which is proven by the in situ optical microscopic observation. The density of Ag NWs and linear resistance of the conductive fibers could be regulated by tuning the assembly cycles. A linear resistance of $1.4{\Omega}/cm$ could be achieved for the Ag NWs-coated nylon, which increases only 8% after 200 bending cycle, demonstrating high flexibility and mechanical stability. The flexible and stretchable conductive fibers have great potential for the application in wearable devices.

간호대학생의 기본소생술에 대한 지식, 태도, 수행자신감 및 수행능력과의 관계 (Relationship among Knowledge, Attitude, Self-Confidence and Performance Ability on Basic Life Support in Nursing Students)

  • 곽윤실;허혜경
    • 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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    • 제19권3호
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    • pp.126-137
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    • 2019
  • 본 연구는 간호대학생의 기본소생술에 대한 지식, 태도, 수행자신감 및 수행능력과의 관계를 파악하고, 수행능력에 영향을 미치는 관련요인을 확인하기 위한 서술적 조사연구이다. 본 연구는 간호대학생 4학년 85명을 대상으로 하였으며, 설문조사와 수행능력 관찰평가 방법으로 시행되었다. 수집된 자료는 SPSS WIN 23.0 프로그램을 이용하여 기술통계, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficient, Multiple Linear Regression을 사용하여 분석하였다. 연구결과 기본소생술에 대한 지식과 수행자신감이 높을수록 수행능력이 높았으며, 기본소생술에 대한 지식, 교육 횟수, 마지막 교육시기가 3개월 이내가 수행능력에 영향을 미치는 요인으로 나타났다. 따라서 기본소생술 수행능력을 유지하기 위해서는 3개월 이내 교육과 반복교육이 중요하므로 이를 위한 교육방법이 개발되어야 한다고 생각한다.

초기 산욕부의 간호요구도와 만족도에 관한 연구 (A Study on the Nursing Needs and Satisfactions of Early Postpartum Women)

  • 유연자;이은주
    • 여성건강간호학회지
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    • 제5권3호
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    • pp.389-409
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    • 1999
  • This study was carried out to identify the differences between nursing needs and levels of satisfaction of postpartum women during the early postpartum period. The goal of this study was to obtain needed to develope the nursing quality for postpartum women. The subjects were 87 postpartum women who had vaginal delivery at 2 general hospital and 2 maternity hospital in the Ulsan City. The period for the data collection was from June 1 to 29, 1999. The data was gathered using an 98 items questionnaire which was a modified version of a questionnaire the developed by Y. J. Chun. Results found are as follows : 1. The general characteristics of the subjects : The majority of subjects were 25-29 yrs. (57.5%), high school and college graduates(96.5%), unemployed(75.9%), middle ranged economics(93.1%), had no religion(43.7%), male baby(52.9%), birth weight 3-3.5Kg(49.4%), wanted pregnancy(96.6%), no abortion history(50.6%), had antenatal care(89.7%), had prenatal education(32.2%), postnatal education(42.5%), intended breast feeding (46.0%), had resonable self confidence about self(20.7%), infant care(36.8%) and nuclear family pattern(82.3%). 2. The level of nursing needs of overall nursing care(3.93) and the levels of satisfaction(3.86) was relatively high. The nursing needs by category of nursing care, the highest need was in the emotional and psychological care(4.09), and the lowest need was in physical need(3.73). The satisfactions by category of nursing care, the highest satisfaction was in emotional and psychological care(4.11) and the lowest satisfaction was in education in self care(3.64). The significant differences between nursing needs and satisfactions were found on education in infant care(p=.005), and education in self care(p=.020). 3. Among items of physical care, 'accurate medication and treatment(4.21)', 'control of postpartum hemorrhage(4.13)', 'pain control and care of episiotomy wound (4.12)' and 'regular observation of postpartum conditions(4.09)' showed high nursing needs. 'Accurate medication and treatment(4.31)', 'regular observation of postpartum condition(4.24)', 'control of postpartum hemorrhage(4.22)' and 'pain control and care of episiotomy wound(4.12)' showed high satisfaction levels. 4. Among items of emotional and psychological care, 'personal treatment(4.32)', kind and faithful care(4.30)', 'detailed explanation on the treatment or nursing care(4.25)', 'adequate draping during the care and treatment(4.23)' and detailed explanation on a doubt(4.13)', showed high nursing needs, 'personal treatment(4.52)', 'kind and faithful care(4.45)', 'detailed explanation on a doubt(4.24)', 'detailed explanation on the treatment or nursing care(4.21)' and 'adequate draping during the care and treatment(4.18)' showed high satisfaction of nursing care. Difference between the level of nursing needs and satisfaction was significant except item of 'early contacts with their baby and breast feeding'. 5. Among items of environmental care, the highest level of need and satisfaction were on the items of 'neat bedding and clothes(4.05, 4.21)' and 'room cleansing or care of room(4.01, 4.28)'. Differences between the level of nursing care and satisfaction were 'room cleansing of care of room'. 6. Among items of educational needs on self care, 'sitz bath method(4.22)', 'high risk symptoms to immediate clinic visits(4.13)', 'the timing of tub bath(4.05)' and 'good secretion of breast milk(4.03)', showed high nursing needs, 'sitz bath method(4.22)' showed high satisfaction of nursing care. Differences between the level of nursing care and satisfaction were 'the timing of hair shampoo', 'the timing of tub bath', ' the method of pad change', 'postpartum exercise', 'good secretion of breast milk', 'maintenance of breast figure', 'contraindicated drugs in postpartum women', 'kegel exercise' and 'breast self examination'. 7. Among items of educational needs on infant care, 'immunization of infants(4.36)', 'symptoms of sickness to immediate clinic visits(4.28)'. 'safety and emergency care(4.28)', 'umbilical care(4.26)', 'feeding times and intervals(4.24)', 'normal growth and development of infant(4.24)' and 'infection control(4.22)', showed high level of nursing care, 'immunization of infants(4.21)', 'feeding times and intervals(4.17)', were high satisfaction items showed significant differences between the level of nursing care and satisfaction. 8. Relationship between nursing needs and levels of satisfaction among postpartum women were as follows : 1) Physical area : There were no significant differences in the level of nursing needs, but satisfaction levels were significantly different among 'working mothers', 'baby's weights', 'baby's sex', 'planning of feeding' and 'routes of receiving postpartum informations'. 2) Emotional and psychological area : The level of nursing needs were significantly different in the area of 'confidence in self care'. Satisfaction levels were significantly different among 'baby's sex', 'baby's weights', 'the confidence of infant care' and 'working mother'. 3) Environment area : There were on significant differences in the level of nursing needs, but satisfaction levels were significantly different among 'maternal age' and 'baby's weights'. 4) Education in self care : The level of nursing needs were significantly different among 'parity history' and 'type of family formation'. Satisfaction levels were significantly different among 'working mother', 'baby's sex', 'antenatal care', 'postpartum education', 'planning of feeding', 'routes of receiving postpartum informations'. 5) Education in infant care area : The level of nursing needs were significantly different among 'parity history'. Satisfaction levels were significantly different among 'baby's sex', 'receiving postpartum education or not' and 'working mother'.

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공연 시 배우의 각성변화와 심리적 자기조절 분석 (Analysis on Psychological Self-regulation and Arousal Variation of Actors on Performance)

  • 홍길동;이홍식;이형국;오진호;이기호
    • 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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    • 제8권12호
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    • pp.176-189
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    • 2008
  • 본 연구는 공연 시 배우의 심박수의 각성변화와 유발된 각성상태에 대한 심리적 자기조절을 분석하는데 그 목적이 있다. 연구대상자는 연극 전문극단에 소속되어 있는 배우 5명을 목적적 표본추출하였다. 각성변화를 측정하기 위해서 심박수 측정기를 활용하였고, 자기조절 행동을 관찰 및 기록할 수 있는 행동 관찰지를 사용하였으며, 공연종료 후 개인별 심층상담을 실시하였다. 심박수 변화에 대한 평균과 표준편차를 산출하여, 공연 시간대별 변화 추이를 그래프화 하였으며, 자기조절 행동을 분석하기 위해 질적 연구방법을 실시하였다. 도출된 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 배우들은 공연이 시작되기 전부터 심박수의 각성수준이 높아지는 변화를 나타냈으며, 공연 시작 20분 전부터 5분 전까지 가장 높은 각성상태를 보였다. 둘째, 공연 시작 전 심호흡, 호흡 가다듬기, 자기대화, 배우들과의 대화, 대본연습에 집중, 화장실 가기, 흡연, 복장점검 등의 자기조절적 행동을 나타냈다. 셋째, 공연 시 높아진 각성상태를 조절하기 위해서 이완기법, 자기집중화, 자신감강화, 상황대처 및 적응 등과 같은 심리적 자기조절 방법을 사용하는 것으로 나타났다.

심박수 바이오피드백기법을 활용한 국가대표 후보 양궁선수의 각성조절훈련 효과 분석 (Effect of Arousal Control Training Conjugated Heart Rate Biofeedback for National Substitute Archery Players)

  • 홍성택
    • 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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    • 제11권9호
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    • pp.469-484
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    • 2011
  • 본 연구는 국가대표 후보 여자양궁선수 3명을 대상으로 체계적인 심박수 바이오피드백기법을 활용한 각성조절훈련을 양궁현장에 적용함으로써 그 효과성을 검증하는 동시에 경기수행력을 향상시키는데 그 목적이 있다. 훈련 프로그램은 국내 외 문헌 분석과 스포츠심리전문가 1인, 양궁 지도자 3인으로 구성된 전문가 회의를 통해 최종 선정되었다. 세부 내용으로는 기초이론교육, 호흡조절법, 점진적 이완기법, 심박수 바이오피드백기법, 인지재구성, 루틴 등이며, 총 24주의 훈련기간을 기초훈련단계, 숙련 1 훈련단계, 숙련 2 훈련단계, 실전훈련단계로 구분하여 실시하였다. 심박수 바이오피드백훈련기기는 (주)스포닉스에서 개발한 심박수 측정기기(XCOACH)를 사용하였다. 훈련의 효과를 분석하기 위해 경쟁상태불안검사지, 국내양궁대회에서의 성적 및 기록, 선수 관찰 및 면담과 선수 자기평가 등이 이루어졌다. 이러한 연구 과정을 통해 분석된 결과, 인지적 상태불안요인과 신체적 상태불안요인의 평균점수는 낮아졌으며, 자신감요인은 높아진 것으로 나타났다. 양궁대회에서의 성적 및 기록 역시 현저하게 향상된 것으로 나타났다. 선수 관찰, 면담, 자기평가의 분석 결과, 본 훈련에 대한 참여도와 효과 인식도가 매우 높았으며, 훈련에 의해 적용된 각성조절방법을 시합 중에 적극 활용하여 심리적 안정과 최상의 수행력을 발휘하였다. 따라서 심박수 바이오피드백기법을 활용한 각성조절훈련은 양궁선수의 심리기술력과 경기력 향상에 긍정적인 것으로 나타났다.

협동기술을 적용한 구성주의적 수업의 효과 분석 (The Effects of Constructivist Instruction Applying Cooperative Learning Skill)

  • 황희숙;김주안
    • 수산해양교육연구
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    • 제12권2호
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    • pp.224-243
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    • 2000
  • The purpose of this study is to analyze the effects of constructivist instruction applying cooperative learning skill on science academic achievement, science inquiry ability, self-regulated learning, and science related attitude. The subjects of the study were 157 2nd grade junior high school students in Pusan. Subjects were randomly assigned to two groups, experiment and control group. Two groups received 14 sessions training for about 1 month which was done by researcher. The experiment group received constructivist science instruction and the control group received teacher-centered instruction. Constructivist science instruction applying cooperative learning skill consists of five phases: problem recognition, hypothesis establishment, experiment observation, clarification, and application phases. The results of this study are as follows: Constructivist science instruction applying cooperative learning skill had a significant effect on science academic achievement, self-regulated learning and science attitude improvement of middle school students but had no significant improvement of science inquiry ability. And constructivist science instruction had an effect on science academic achievement improvement of the students having high level science inquiry ability. Research suggestions and implications for teaching are discussed.

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Korean Immigrant Women's Taekyo Practices in the United States as a Traditional Prenatal Self-care

  • Lee, Kyoung-Eun
    • 여성건강간호학회지
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    • 제21권3호
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    • pp.241-251
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    • 2015
  • Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore preserved belief system supporting Korean immigrant women's Taekyo practices and influencing factors while they observe the tradition within US sociocultural context. Methods: Leininger's exploratory focused ethnographic approach was used. Semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted with purposive sample of sixteen Korean immigrant women who gave birth in the US within last 6 months. Researcher's observation and reflective field notes were also integrated into the interview data. Leininger and McFarland's four phases of ethnographic analysis guided data analysis process. Results: The perceived belief system supporting Taekyo practices included Taekyo as an enculturated Korean tradition, connecting parents with fetus, and positive impacts on fetal development. And Korean immigrant women's Taekyo practices were influenced by resources of information, woman's orientation toward Taekyo, pressure from local Korean community, and child order. Conclusion: The findings from this research would serve as an important knowledge base to expand US health care providers' understanding of Korean traditional Taekyo practices observed by Korean immigrant women's as important prenatal self-care practices. The findings could also aid in providing more patient-centered and culturally-tailored prenatal care plan to Korean immigrant by including Korean traditional belief system supporting Taekyo practices.