• Anxiety and mood
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.111-120
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• 2008

Objective : This study investigated the temperament and character traits associated with suicide attempts in patients with mood disorders. Methods : The temperament and character inventory (TCI) was administered to 150 patients who visited psychiatric clinics seeking treatment for mood symptoms. The patients were divided into three groups as follows : non-suicide ideation, suicide ideation and suicide attempt. We also gathered socio-economic data in order to rule out confounding variables. MANOVA was performed to analyze differences in personal temperament and character scores on the TCI between the three groups. Results : The self-directedness and cooperativeness subscales of the TCI are most influenced by the clinical symptoms rated by Beck Suicide Ideation Scale and Hamilton Depression Rating Scale. In the temperament scale, the suicide attempt group scored higher on the novelty seeking and harm avoidance items than the other two groups. The specific temperaments associated with suicidal behavior in patients with depression are impulsivity (NS2) and anticipatory anxiety or pessimism (HA1). Conclusion : In this study, we found that more risky patients who had previously attempted suicide had a temperament of impulsivity or pessimism. This finding suggests that a more cautious approach is needed to assess mood disorder patients with impulsive or pessimistic temperaments in order to prevent suicide attempts.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.57-77
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• 2016

Objective: This study examined the influences of general characteristics, temperament, social support, and emotional regulation on the positive psychological capital of adolescents. The data were collected from 672 middle school students living in Gwangju. Methods: Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation analyses and hierarchical regression analyses. Results: Temperament best explained positive psychological capital. In terms of individual factors, self-emotion regulation had the greatest effect on positive psychological capital, followed by friend support, persistence temperament, others emotion regulation, academic achievement, harm avoidance temperament, gender, and family support, in that order. Conclusion: The results for the effects of temperament, social support and emotion regulation on adolescent's positive psychological capital highlights the important roles played by the temperament, social support, and emotion regulation in improving an adolescent's positive psychological capital. The study contributes to the literature by proving fundamental insights into an adolescent's psychological strengths and higher quality of life.

• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.10
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• pp.33-66
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• 2002

Counterproductive work behaviors are behaviors by employees intended to harm their organization or organization members. Human is the being has a desire and behaviors. To understand behaviors of an individual, it is important to understand the personality which determines a difference between individuals. Narcissists has psychological traits to be likely to experience negative emotions, such as frustration, hostility or anger, and this psychological traits of narcissists are more likely to induce an aggression. In this view, the purpose of this study was to examine the relationships between counterproductive work behaviors and narcissistic personality characteristics and to explore psychological dynamics about how narcissistic personality characteristics had an effect on counterproductive work behaviors. As a result, facts known were as follows. First, narcissists has strong desires to maintain a sense of superiority over others and defend their egos against unpleasant evaluation information, even if the information is factual and accurate. Second, narcissists are hyper-sensitive to negative information and are more likely to encounter information or situations that challenge their positive self-appraisals by this view. Third, in response to these challenges, or ego threats, these individuals are more likely to experience negative emotions, such as anger, frustration, or hostility. Forth, this negative emotions lead to aggression and as a result, this is more likely to induce counterproductive work behaviors such as theft, sabotage, interpersonal aggression, work slowdowns, wasting time and materials, and spreading rumors. Thus, narcissism is another individual difference variable that may be an important factor in determining counterproductive work behaviors, particularly under conditions perceived to be difficult or stressful.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.56-63
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• 2016

Objectives: The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between personality of parent and offspring, and offspring's psychological adaptation. Methods: We examined temperament and character of 65 parents and their offspring (measured using the Junior Temperament and Character Inventory and Temperament and Character Inventory) and offspring's internalizing (anxiety, depression) and externalizing (delinquency, hyperactivity) problems. Results: The internalizing problems of offspring were positively associated with harm avoidance (HA) of offspring and parent, and negatively associated with self-directedness (SD) of offspring and parent. The externalizing problems of offspring were positively associated with novelty seeking of offspring, and were predicted by SD of parent. The interaction between parent's HA and offspring's HA predicted higher levels of anxiety of offspring. Conclusion: The association between the offspring's personality and internalizing and externalizing problems can depend on the personality of the parent.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.1-5
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• 2016

Background: Several studies have investigated the relationship between specific occupations and suicide mortality, as suicide rates differ by profession. The aim of this study was to investigate suicide mortality ratios across broad occupational groups in Greece for both sexes in the period 2000-2009. Methods: Data of suicide deaths were retrieved from the Hellenic Statistical Authority and comparative mortality ratios were calculated. Occupational classification was based on the International Classification of Occupations (ISCO-88) and the coding for Intentional self-harm (X60-X84) was based on the international classification of diseases (ICD-10). Results: Male dominant occupations, mainly armed forces, skilled farmers and elementary workers, and female high-skilled occupations were seen as high risk groups for suicide in a period of 10 years. The age-productive group of 30-39 years in Greek male elementary workers and the 50-59 age-productive group of Greek professional women proved to have the most elevated number of suicide deaths. Conclusion: Further research is needed into the work-related stressors of occupations with high suicide mortality risk and focused suicide prevention strategies should be applied within vulnerable working age populations.

• Journal of Korean Critical Care Nursing
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.37-49
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• 2021

Purpose : This study aims to identify nurses' attitudes toward patients hospitalized after attempting suicide and inform directions for research and interventions to establish a therapeutic environment. Methods : For integrative review, the five stages suggested by Whittemore and Knafl were followed. Articles and theses published before February 2021 were searched using eight databases and a manual search. The search terms were suicide, self-harm, emergency department (ED), intensive care unit (ICU), nurses, and attitudes. Results : Five studies met the inclusion criteria; three of them were descriptive studies, one was a qualitative study, and one a mixed-method study. In most studies (80%), the participants were ED nurses. ED/ICU nurses showed positive or neutral attitudes toward patients. All studies suggested that suicide-related education programs are needed to increase nurses' positive attitudes such patients. Conclusion : More research is required on ICU nurses' attitudes toward patients who have attempted suicide, and efforts to identify various aspects of such attitudes are necessary. In addition, suicide education programs and support from trained psychiatric personnel should be provided to establish a therapeutic environment.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.21-29
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• 2023

This paper reviews the global effect of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on the mental health of children and adolescents in South Korea, the U.S., Japan, and China. We reviewed research on deteriorated mental health, including increased suicide, suicidal thoughts, and self-harm. Various studies have shown that students' mental health issues, such as depression and anxiety, have worsened during the COVID-19 pandemic. Furthermore, the number of students who committed suicide has significantly increased in the U.S. and Japan. Factors such as prior mental health status, change in daily routine, reduced physical activity, excessive screen time, overuse of electronic devices, and reduced social support have been reported to have a significant effect. The chain of deteriorating mental health among the youth began at the onset of COVID-19, social distancing, and school closure. As youths began to stay at home instead of going to school, they lost opportunities to connect with their friends or teachers, who could provide support outside of their homes. Young people spent less time on physical activity and more time online, which damaged their sleeping schedule and daily routine. In preparing for the post-pandemic phase, we should thoroughly analyze the long-term effects of the pandemic on youth mental health, while simultaneously tackling current imminent issues.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.86 no.1
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• pp.109-118
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• 2023

Any place where exercise is common, such as a club, sports hall, or school, is considered a place for teaching sports. When doing sports, a very safe environment for sports should be chosen. The athlete should consider the safety of sports facilities and equipment, and if there is a defect, he should refrain from exercising in these places. The safety of sports facilities is very effective in creating people's sports activities, with the benefits of staying away from physical harm, enjoying sports, and having mental peace. Everyone has the right to participate in sports and recreation and to ensure that they enjoy a safe environment. The ability to manage and solve issues that may arise plays the most critical role in creating a safe environment. The quality of construction materials used for the construction of sports facilities is of great importance. In this work, the resistance and water repellency of concrete constituents for the construction of sports buildings have been investigated by nanoscience. Nano-concrete material solves the main problem of concrete surfaces, i.e., the entry of water and humidity into the structure. It also gives it a self-cleaning ability with its water repellency. Nanoparticles are placed between pores and cover the cracks, which causes roughness in the surface structure of concrete. The high roughness of the surface of the coated concrete caused its super-hydrophobicity. In hydrophobic surfaces, the higher the contact angle, the more hydrophobic the surface will be. In order to investigate the hydrophobic properties, silica nanoparticles, silica nanoparticles, and fly ash were prepared on concrete, and their properties were analyzed.

• Health Policy and Management
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.129-140
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• 2023

Background: This study aims to compare the burden of disease in Korea with other Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) countries using the OECD health statistics from 1985 to 2020. Methods: We analyzed potential years of life lost (YLL) per 100,000 population using the Positive value for relative comparison (PARC) index, trend test, and average annual percentage change (AAPC) with logistic regression analysis. Results: The relative disease burden was good for many diseases, but the disease burden was severe for a few diseases in Korea. Diseases with a high relative burden of disease in Korea are as follows; intentional self-harm (YLL2020 575.6, AAPCYLL 2.6%; PARC2020 -1.000, AAPCPARC -15.8%), malignant neoplasms of the liver (YLL2020 136.6, AAPCYLL -3.9%; PARC2020 -1.000, AAPCPARC 0.0%), malignant neoplasms of the stomach (YLL2020 9.0, AAPCYLL 3.2%; PARC2020 -0.556, AAPCPARC -22.9%), Parkinson's disease (YLL2020 575.6, AAPCYLL 2.6%; PARC2020 -1.000, AAPCPARC -15.8%). Conclusion: Diseases with a high burden of disease are needed to be prioritized in the planning and execution of healthcare policies that can contribute to the efficient use of healthcare resources.

• Journal of Korean Academic Society of Home Health Care Nursing
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.109-120
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• 2001

This study has been done in order to help the people understand the cancer patients and provide the basic materials for the care of cancer patients by deeply understanding the living experience of the practice of alternative therapy for cancer patients. Data were collected with several in depth interviews and observations. Collected datas were analyzed by using phenomenological method of study by Giorgi (1970). The trial experience of alternative therapy for cancer patients has been classified into the one of having concerns, following, being infatuated, and coming out by pushing, and the experience of having concerns appeared as the meaning of the limit of modern medicine, despair, loneliness. hope, emotional support. dissolution of the feeling of uneasiness. the feeling of burden of the medical expense, self-treating, the subject of treatment. and indifference while the experience of following appeared as the meaning of blind following, temptation, going outside to look for something, wandering. following unconditionally, advise of the professionals, mistaken belief. self-abandonment, powerlessness. disconnection of dialogue with the medical staff. elevation of immunity, strengthening the physical power, absence of the source of examined information, clinging, self-responsibility. the experience of being infatuated appeared as the meaning of thorough trial. affirmative experience. devotion. diverse efforts, faithful trial. affirmative self-suggestion. change of the style of life. the feeling of burden of expense, being envious, bitter feeling toward the family, considering family, family discords, and difficulty of enforcement. The experience of coming out by pushing appeared as the meaning of waiting. self-reflection. maintaining the distance. cutting attachment, throwing the greed away, coming out by pushing. being thoughtful. accepting disease. individual difference of physical quality, and ambivalence. But they return to the experience of being concerned all over again in case of recurrence or metastasis of the disease even though they come out of such stage, and they always have ambivalence even in the condition with no recurrence and metastasis. In conclusion, the trial of alternative therapy for cancer patients could be explained as the adaptive behavior to the disease which is difficult to be cured. the cancer. The cancer patients are exposed to the side effects and harm without the examined information resources. Therefore the nurse should well aware of the alternative therapy and be able to do the appropriative management through the open communication with the patients who are under the trial of alternative therapy.