• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.614-626
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• 1997

The main purposes of the study were to develop and test a model which explains the dynamic relationship among factors reported as affecting to the quality of life of individuals with rheumatoid arthritis and to examine the relationship between self-help response and quaility of life. Data for the study were collected from March 1996 to December 1996 from 153 female patients who regularly visited a clinic for people with rheumatism. The patients were introduced to the investigators by nurses who worked at that clinic, and then the investigator interviewed the patients for 30 to 40 minutes to collect the data. Instruments used in the study were modified self-report questionaires from the ones which were already developed in previous studies or from related literature. Data analysis were performed using LISREL(Lineal Structural Relations) 8 program to test whether the proposed hypothesized model fit the collected data. To test the fitablity of the hypothesized model both a general fit measure and a detailed fit measure were used. Based on the test results from the various fit measures, the hypothesized model was found to be well suited to the real data. As characteristics related to illness becomes severe, the feasibility for these characteristics leading to the perception of uncertainty about the illness tend to increase, but, the direct effects from the illness characteristics(such as level of physical symptoms, sense of social-psychologic change, limitations of action) as they are related to the other intrinsic variables (self-efficacy or self-help behavior and quality of life), were found to be not significant. It was found that uncertainty had a direct effect on self-efficacy but did not have a direct effect on self-help behavior or quality of life. Also, it is noted that self-efficacy had a positive effect on self-help behavior and quality of life and there was a bilateral relationship between self-efficacy and self-help behavior. Lastly, the hypothesis proposed from the theoretical model in this study was supported basis of the results that self-help behavior provides both direct and positive effects to quality of life. Particularity, since a bilateral relationship was also found between self-help behavior and quality of life in the modified model, as self-help behavior increased, so did quality of life. And, reversely, as quality of life increased, so did self-help behavior. In conclusion, the results of this study suggest that focusing on both acquirement and reinforcement of adjustment factors or self-help behavior is more efficient than focusing on the characteristics of illness in establishing the stategies for improving quality of life of individuals with rheumatoid arthritis.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.237-251
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• 2017

In this study, causes and consequences of bullying were explored, focusing on victim personality and appearance factors. The research model included the relationships among bullying, important causes of bullying (aggression, cleanliness, and obesity of victims) and consequences of bullying (self-esteem and depression) and was tested through survey data from 594 (194 male and 404 female) middle school students. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, confirmatory factor analysis, and path analysis with SPSS and AMOS. In the results of the model tests, victims who are more aggressive, less clean, and more overweight are more likely to be bullied. In addition, adolescents bullied by others tend to have lower self-esteem and more depression. Furthermore, the model comparison was assessed by gender and a difference between the two gender models was found. In the check of critical ratio for difference, it was concluded that the cleanliness of the victim is a more important cause of bullying for male adolescents than for female adolescents. It is meaningful to confirm the effects of the victim's appearance factors on bullying in the literature focusing on personality issues of victims. Educators and counselors may refer to the findings in developing counseling guidelines and manuals to prevent bullying in school.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.9 no.6
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• pp.818-829
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• 2001

The purposes of this study were to segment the men in twenties and thirties according to clothing benefits sought, and to develop a profile of each segment concerning shopping orientation, self·image, and importance of store attributes. The questionnaire was administered to men in twenties and thirties living in Seoul and data were analyzed by frequency, percentage, factor analysis, cluster analysis, and MANOVA(multivarite analysis of variance). By cluster analysis of clothing benefits sought, three groups were identified and labeled as: (1) the group of focusing the influence of other people and comfort clothing(31.7%): (2) the group of pursuing the fashion trend (48.1%); the group of pursuing the individuality(20.1%). Three groups were then compared through MANOVA on shopping orientation, importance of store attributes, and self-image. Significant differences were found among three groups on three variables. In general, the group of focusing the influence of other people and comfort clothing tended to be ostentatious and tended to wear comfortable clothing. The group of pursuing the fashion trend didn't show specific shopping orientation and just liked to follow the current fashion trend. The group of pursuing the individuality enjoyed the shopping and liked to buy the clothing which enhances the personal character.

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.117-124
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• 2012

Objective: The goal of this study is to design a creative tutoring service, which helps children gain confidence and creativity through learning activities. Background: Nowadays most kids are growing up in a very competitive environment under their parents' zeal for education. A stressful environment can deter a child from the confident undertaking of challenges, leading to depression, anxiety, and feelings of inadequacy. Art therapy helps children work through these issues, however the process led by instructors or parents, and kids still feel anxious studying adults' face to read their thought. Method: To help children address challenges, a creative tutoring service application can provide images with certain tasks instead of asking them to fill in blank areas. The tasks asked by the service system are 1) to visualize children's own experience utilizing visually associated images from given images and 2) to create an illustrated story modifying and re-composing given images. Another task is to learn basic math and words with numbers and alphabets in customized colors. By completing each task children collect awards, which allow them graduate to higher levels of challenges. The outcomes from the tasks are sent to the main server system and reviewed by analysts. Those results are sent to children's parents as a text message on smart phone. Results: Visual implication using images inspires children to make creative stories based on their own experience. Also, children can find their own patterns of reaching answers by using synaesthetic imagery through repetitive practices of creative thinking tasks. Conclusion: Understanding how they feel about doing tasks in certain environments and assessing them in varied situations should be carefully considered when designers approach service design for kids. By focusing on how to tutor children in creative ways, as opposed to focusing on the expected outcome, creative service applications can be designed to reduce children's stress and encourage self expression. Children are predicted to gain confidence through using the service without the concern of comparison by others. Application: The creative tutoring service needs to be developed and tested by varying types of children.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.63-72
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• 2015

Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine whether job-seeking stress, career decision-making self-efficacy, self-esteem, and academic achievement had an influence on nursing students' happiness. Methods: The participants were 147 nursing students in D city. Data were collected with a structured questionnaire. The data were analyzed with SPSS/WIN 19.0 using ANOVA, t-test, Pearson correlation, and stepwise multiple regression. Results: Factors that had an influence on happiness included major satisfaction(highly unsatisfied ${\beta}=-.251$, p=.001), average monthly family income(between four and six million won ${\beta}=.222$, p=.002), career decision-making self-efficacy(${\beta}=.198$, p=.010), major satisfaction(satisfied ${\beta}=.196$, p=.006), and subjective health(unhealthy ${\beta}=-.167$, p=.020). These factors explained 33.5% of the variance in student happiness. Conclusion: The results of this study reveal that career decision-making self-efficacy, self-esteem, major satisfaction, and job-seeking stress were important intrinsic factors in the happiness of nursing students. Thus, it is necessary to help these students attain more self-efficacy, self-esteem, and major satisfaction rather than focusing on academic achievement in order to increase their happiness.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.50
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• pp.3-32
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to introduce Self-Empowerment Program focusing on empowering social workers in individual level and to evaluate effectiveness of the program through practicing it. For the purpose, this study reviewed the concept of self-empowerment, theoretical background and content of the program. It examined effects of the program on mental health social workers' self concepts and clients' evaluation of the social workers, also. Through applying the program and analysing it, some significant differences were found in total positive self, self identity, self satisfaction, self behavior, moral ethical self, personal self, and family self score between intervention group and control group after the program. In evaluation of the social workers by the clients, the score of social workers in intervention group was increased after the program than control group's. These findings suggested that this program be helpful for social workers' self-empowerment and relationship with clients. It is meaningful to prove utility of the program in our social work situation with limited training or growing opportunities for social workers.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.45-58
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• 2005

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the relationship among self-leadership, job satisfaction, and perceived outcome in nurses. Method: The subjects of study were nurses as a population who were working for the 2 of university hospitals which have over 500 beds in Kyong Ki Province as well as who have been working for over 6 months. The data was collected by questionnaires from 217 nurses and analyzed using descriptive statistics, pearson correlation coefficient, and multiple regression on SPSS 10. 0 version. Results: The degree of Self-leadership was 3.38 out of 5 as a mean point. There was a significant difference in self-leadership according to age, level of education, working department, and position. There was a significant positive correlation between self-relationship and job satisfaction, self-relationship and perceived outcome, and job satisfaction and perceived outcome. The stepwise multiple regression analysis revealed that the most powerful predictor of job satisfaction and perceived outcome was constructive thinking. Conclusion: In conclusion, the result was obtained that self-leadership is much correlated with job-satisfaction of nurse and outcome of nursing practice. Therefore, as a way to promote efficiency of nursing organization, the constant study about self-leadership with the various aspects is needed focusing on self-management and inner motivation as a new leadership paradigm.

• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.616-624
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• 2013

This study is to figure out how parents' child-rearing attitudes perceived by elementary school students influence on the kids' self-efficacy and social development, so that desirable nurturing attitudes can be advised for parents for the better teaching kids at home. This research shows that parents' nurturing attitudes perceived by their kids influence meaningfully on the child's self-efficacy and social development. In particular, as the children see their parents focusing more on achievements, their self-efficacy is higher and they are more sociable. in other words, it is important and advised for parents to have achievement-oriented maturing attitude setting high goals and encouraging their kids to achieve them by working hard patiently.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.23 no.7
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• pp.113-120
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to derive implications for effective management of the public social worker by investigating the relationship between social support, job attitude and self-esteem of the public social worker. In order to accomplish this research purpose, social support of the public social worker as independent variables, job attitude as a dependent variable, and self-esteem as a parameter were analyzed and the relationship between these variables was analyzed. As a result, emotional, evaluative, material, and informational support, which constitute the social support of the public social worker, have a significant effect on job attitude, and self-esteem has a mediating effect on the relationship between these variables. Based on the results of this analysis, the importance of social support of the public social worker was suggested.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.197-211
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• 2009

This study investigated the relations between mother's parenting self-efficacy, perceived social support, parenting behavior, and acculturative stress, and young children's problem behavior, focusing on the mediational role of mother's parenting self-efficacy and parenting behavior. Mothers were female international marriage immigrant from China, Philippines, and Vietnam. The participants were 374mothers of young children and teachers of the children in Busan and Gyungnam, Korea. Questionnaires were based on Choe and Chung (2001), Shin(1996), Lee (1996), Hong (1995), and Han(1996). Structural equation modeling indicated that mother's parenting self-efficacy and parenting behavior were significant mediators of the relation between mother's perceived social support and child's problem behavior. The results will be useful for parent training programs for female international marriage immigrant.