• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.56 no.5
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• pp.333-345
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• 2012

A product labelling is one of key tools in ensuring that a patient uses drugs safely and effectively in self-care without professional support. This study aimed to explore the readability and comprehensibility of the information contained on two package inserts of medicines. Two package inserts were tested with first year college students. Fifty-one potential consumers underlined words they could not understand and answered 10 scenario questions. Any differences among groups with different characteristics were statistically tested. Secondly, the readability of two package inserts was assessed with comparison to the level of the 6th grade Korean textbooks. As results, more than 80% of participants properly replied to straightforward questions concerning indication, dosage, duplication, use in pregnancy and contraindication, and 73% about formulation. Less than half answered correctly in multiple choice questions about pediatric use (41%) and side effects (35%). Little discrepancy was observed in the comprehensibility between participants' characteristics. Drug inserts contained about 20% more professional-level words than 6th grade textbooks. In conclusion, Korean consumers may face challenges to understand drug information due to professional terminology and outdated expressions in the current package inserts. To secure safe and effective use of over-the-counter agents, greater efforts should be made to develop more consumer friendly labels. In the other hand, educational supports are required to prepare consumers in a proper level of knowledge for the safe use of drugs.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.36 no.9
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• pp.953-960
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• 2012

An overhung mounted carrier with flexible pins is applied to the planetary gear train of a wind turbine gearbox to investigate the influence of the self-aligning effect by means of the deflection of the planet spindle and the flexible pin on the lifetime of the planet gear for a wind turbine gearbox. To analyze the load distribution of planet gears, both Euler theory and commercial software are employed. By applying an overhung mounted carrier with flexible pins in the wind turbine gearbox, we can improve the misalignment performance, face load factor, and service life of the planet gears. In particular, it was confirmed that a service life of more than 20 years could be realized for wind turbine gearboxes by applying a flexible pin to the overhung mounted carrier.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.463-473
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• 2011

Purpose: Cervical cancer can be prevented by regular cervical screening. Embarrassment has been reported as one important barrier to cervical screening uptake. The absence of appropriate instrumentation, however, has limited our understanding of the links between embarrassment and health care outcomes. The purpose of this study was to evaluate psychometric attributes of the uterine cervical cancer screening embarrassment questionnaire. Methods: A convenience sample for field study was recruited from four gynecological clinics in Gyeongju, Korea. Within a cross-sectional descriptive design, 339 women who had cervical screening completed self-administered measures of embarrassment including a visual analogue, general medical embarrassment, dispositional embarrassment, and Pap smear related negative emotion. Results: Rasch analysis of items demonstrated the evidence of one-dimensional construct and good 7-point rating scales functioning. Factor analysis revealed that uterine cervical cancer screening embarrassment was comprised of two domains-bodily manifestations and perceiving an undesirable social face. Construct validity was demonstrated by a high subscale-to-subscale correlation. Convergent and discriminant validity was evidenced by significant correlations with a 100 mm VAS scale, general medical embarrassment, and Pap smear related negative emotion. Known-group validity was established by comparing women with high versus low trait embarrassment. Both two sub-scales and overall scale demonstrated good internal reliability. Conclusion: The Uterine uterine cervical cancer screening questionnaire is a reliable and valid instrument suited to assessing the manifestations of embarrassment during screening. The use of instrument can be extended to understand the client's embarrassment undergoing health examinations which require the exposure of their private parts.

• Journal of Korean Classical Literature and Education
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• no.15
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• pp.163-189
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• 2008

This paper is to reveal the relation between the epic of and paranoid personality disorder. I assume that the fact of not recognizing one's own face should be pathological problem. People who suffer from paranoid personality disorder show mistrust and anxiety. I expect that people who don't recognize their own faces from can be related to paranoid personality disorder. The epic of from "An Outline of Korean Folklore Literature" is related to the epic of mistrust and anxiety. The wife from distrusts her husband. She is in fear of being abandoned. She has a doubt that her husband has an affair, so she might lose him. After searching the epic of , I found some peculiarity of people's behave. When you have doubts about your lover, so you are in anxiety, it's hard to think logically. You keep digging for clues expecting that you would prove the unknown truth. It becomes really impossible to make a sense out of you. You cannot be persuaded. These all symptoms are related to paranoid personality disorder. Not every version of from "An Outline of Korean Folklore Literature" is all about symptoms. There are some versions show the solution. Separation for a specified period, self-examination, and recovery of distrust can be the way of solving the problem. In the scene of literary therapy practice, the epic of can be used for the treatment of paranoid personality disorder.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.81-90
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• 2018

Objectives : This study was performed to investigate the characteristic of Seborrheic Dermatitis(SD) patients who visited Korean medicine clinics. Methods : The study was carried out with 140 SD outpatients who visited fourteen Gowoongyul Korean traditional medical clinics from January to December 2016 and was completed by reviewing patients' survey. Results : 1. Among 140 patients, there were 61 male patients(43.6%), 79 female patients(56.4%). The average age of the patients was $32.6{\pm}10.9years$ old, with many in their 20s and 30s in the distribution. 2. The average duration of disease was $4.2{\pm}4.11years$. 3. 80% of the patients had experience of treatment, 58.6% only took Western medicine, 17.1% had experience of both Western and Korean medicine treatment, and 4.3% received only Korean medicine treatment. 4. Analysis of seasonal effects of SD showed that 48.6% of the respondents reported that skin disease always appeared regardless of the season, with 33.6% in winter, with 29.3% in summer and 25.7% in seasonal change. 5. The rate of family history of seborrheic dermatitis was low(6.4%), and 75.7% of the patients answered that they had no family history of skin disease. 6. The major lesion of SD appeared on face(87.9%) and scalp(36.4%). 7. 70.7% answered they do some kind of self-managements. 70.0% used moisturizers. Bathing therapy was performed in 17.1%, and 55% were taking the health supplement food, and 35.7% restricted the avoidance diet such as instant and fatty foods. Conclusions : This study demonstrated the various clinical characteristics of Korean patients with seborrheic dermatitis.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.242-249
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• 2019

This study examined the wounds and healing of the character as a woman in Samuel Beckett's play, Happy Days, through a microscopic approach by focusing on her inner I, and to study how she tries to heal her wounds. Winnie in Happy Days spends hard times not recognizing her internal wounds and pains. By facing her wounds and pains, however, she starts the process of self-healing, mainly through communicating and sharing her sorrows with her past inner child. Winnie's positive and optimistic character appears to change Willie's behaviors, which may be a positive sign that her wounds and pains will possibly be healed. In conclusion, Winnie has a chance to face her inner wounds and pains while interacting and communicating with her husband Willie, and she is slowly heading for healing her wounded inner I.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.197-209
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• 2019

Purpose: This study was done to examine good death awareness, attitudes toward advance directives (ADs), and preference for care near the end-of-life (PCEOL) of hospitalized elders in long-term care hospitals. Relevant characteristics were investigated as well as correlation of the variables. Methods: This descriptive research study involved 161 hospitalized elderly patients in long-term care hospitals. A self-report questionnaire was used to measure Good Death Scale, ADs Survey, PCEOL Scale, and general characteristics. Collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, and Pearson correlation with SPSS/WIN 23.0. Results: In terms of good death awareness, a significant difference was observed; in according to age (F=3.35, p=.037), payer of treatment costs (F=3.98, p=.021), mobility (F=3.97, p=.021), heard discussion about ADs (t=-3.89, p<.001), and willing to complete ADs (t=2.12, p=.036). As far as attitudes toward ADs, the participants presented significant difference depending on religion (t=2.38, p=.018), average monthly income (F=3.91, p=.022), duration of hospital admission (F=5.33, p=.006), person to discuss ADs (t=-2.76, p=.006). On PCEOL, there was a significant difference, depending on religion (t=-3.59, p<.001) and perceived health status (F=3.93, p=.022). Finally, as for how the variables were related to each other, good death awareness and attitudes toward ADs had a weak positive correlation with PCEOL. Conclusion: To help seniors staying in nursing homes face a good death and enjoy autonomy, there should be educational and support systems that reflect each individual's sociodemographic characteristics so that the seniors can choose what kind of care they want to receive near the end-of-life.

• Journal of English Language & Literature
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• v.55 no.2
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• pp.215-240
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• 2009

This paper focuses on how Younghill Kang internalizes whiteness ideology through interracial romance to build himself as an oriental Yankee and recover his masculinity in his autobiographical novel East Goes West. This paper also focuses on Kang's strategy of racial and cultural hybridity presented in this novel. The theoretical basis of my argument is a mixture of Fanon's psychoanalysis in his Black Skin, White Masks, Bhabha's notion of mimicry in The Location of Culture, and notions related to race and gender of some Asian critics such as Patricia Chu, Jinqi Ling, and Lisa Lowe. In East Goes West, white women appear as "ladder of success" of successful assimilation and serve as cultural mediators and instructors and sometimes adversaries who Korean male immigrants have to win to establish identities in which Americanness, ethnicity, and masculinity are integrated. However, three Korean men, Chungpa Han, To Wan Kim, George Jum, who fall in love with white women fail to win their beloveds in marriage. George Jum fails to sustain a white dancer, Jun' interest. Kim wins the affection of Helen Hancock, a New England lady, but Kim commits suicide when he knows Helen killed herself because her family doesn't approve their relationship. Han's love for Trip remains vague, but Kang implies Han will continue his quest for "the spiritual home" as the name of "Trip." In East Goes West, Kang also attempts to challenge the imagining of a pure, monolithic, and naturalized white dominant U.S. Culture by exploring the cultural and racial hybridity shown by June and the various scenes of Halem in the 1920s. June who works for a Harlem cabaret is a white woman but she wears dark makeup. Kang questions the white face of America's self-understanding and racial constitution of a unified white American culture through June's racial masquerade. Kang shows that like Asian and black Americans, the white American also has an ambivalent racial identity through June's black mimicry and there is no natural and unchanging essence behind one's gender and race identity constitution.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.22 no.10
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• pp.261-270
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• 2022

The changing nature of work suggests that people may face the prospect of a career choice including of paid employment, non-work and self-employment, of which the latter implies scope for entrepreneurial activity. The goal of this study is to view the impact of entrepreneurial competency, social support, entrepreneurial role model as an affect to increase the entrepreneurial intention of adult with the purpose of a second career choice. Also, the mediating effect of entrepreneurial mentor is verified. As research methodology, a research model and a hypothesis were set based on prior research and the research hypothesis was proven through a structured survey questionnaire. SPSS 24.0 was used for data analysis. Analysis results are as follows: First, out of entrepreneurial competency, job competency and funding capability had a positive effect on entrepreneurial intentions. Second, entrepreneurial role model had a positive effect on entrepreneurial intentions. Third, in the relationship between entrepreneurial competency, social support, entrepreneurial role model and entrepreneurship intentions, the mediating effect of mentor had significant job competency→mentor→entrepreneurship intention, funding capability→mentor→entrepreneurship intention, entrepreneurial role→mentor→entrepreneurship intention.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Dental Administration
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.53-65
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• 2022

The Primary Care Patient Measure of Safety (PC-PMOS) is a measure of safety that allows patients to evaluate contributing factors related to patient safety in primary care. This study aimed to examine which questionnaire items of the PC-PMOS could be used in Korean dental institutions. A survey of the Korean translation of the PC-PMOS, a self-reported questionnaire, was conducted in August 2022 by 400 adults who had used dental-care services within the last three years. Of the 77 items, 34 were selected using principal component analysis and two experts' evaluations based on face validity. Five domains were identified from factor analysis: patient centeredness, patient information update, complaint processing, communication, and information about the complaint process. The Cronbach's alpha of the data was 0.913, indicating high reliability. As a result of the generalized multiple regression analysis, regression coefficients were not statistically significant, except for household income. This indicated that there was no bias in the patient safety scores of dental institutions evaluated by patients within the range of independent variables used in this study. The five domains with 34 items identified in this study suggested the factors that contribute to the safety of patients who used dental care services in Korea. However, validation of this study result is still important to refine questionnaires suitable for dental institutions in Korea so as to further improve the quality of dental care.