• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
• /
• v.28 no.1
• /
• pp.1-10
• /
• 2003

This study investigated the influence of IRM on marginal microleakage of 5th generation adhesives. Class V cavities with gingival margins in dentin were prepared on both buccal and lingual surfaces of 60 extract-ed human molar teeth. Prepared teeth were randomly divided into six groups. Group 1 and 4 received no temporary restoration with IRM. Group 2 and 5 were covered with IRM mixed at P/L ratio(10g/1g). Group 3 and 6 were covered with IRM mixed at P/L ratio(10g/2g). The temporary restorations were removed mechanically with an ultrasonic scaler after one-week storage in distilled water. The cavities were restored using one of two adhesives and composites ; Single Bond/Filtek Z 250(Croup 1, 2 and 3), UniFil Bond/UniFil F(Group 4, 5 and 6). Following one day storage in distilled water, the restored teeth were thermocycled for 500 cycles(between $5^{\circ}C{\;}and{\;}55^{\circ}C$) and immersed in 2 % methylene blue for dye penetration testing. The results were analysed using Kruskal-Wallis Test, Mann-Whitney and Wilcoxon signed ranked test at a significance level of 0.05. The results of this study were as follows 1. Ranking of mean microleakage scores at the enamel margins was Group 10.05) 4. At the dentin margins, the microleakage of the group not pretreated with IRM was lower than that of the group pretreated with IRM. And the microleakage of UniFil Bond was lower than that of Single Bond. 5. Compared with microleakages between the enamel and dentin margins of each groups, Group 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 at dentin margin were higher microleakage than those at enamel margin. There were significant difference between enamel and dentin microleakage of Group 2 and 3(p<0.05).

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
• /
• v.29 no.1
• /
• pp.57-68
• /
• 2002

The purpose of this study was to evaluate microleakage of etched and non-etched amalgam restorations lined with dentin bonding system primer and adhesives. Class V amalgam preparations were made in 100 extracted human premolars divided into 10 groups with 10 teeth each. SEM was taken to assess the dentin/amalgam interface. The results were as follows; 1. At the occlusal and gingival margins, all experimental groups showed lower leakage value than unlined group(p<0.05) The $Copalite^{(R)}-lined$ group showed higher leakage value than other experimental groups(p<0.05). 2. In all experimental groups, the gingival margin showed higher leakage value than the occlusal margin. 3. There were no significant difference between non-etching and etching groups, primer only and primer & adhesive groups, primer & adhesive and self-priming adhesive groups(p>0.05). 4. On the SEM observation, continuous gaps were observed in the unlined and $Copalite^{(R)}-lined$ groups, but the gaps were filled with primer or adhesive layer in other experimental groups.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
• /
• v.41 no.2
• /
• pp.83-90
• /
• 2016

Objectives: This study was evaluated the marginal microleakage of two different adhesive systems before and after aging with two different dye penetration techniques. Materials and Methods: Class V cavities were prepared on the buccal and lingual surfaces of 48 human molars. Clearfil SE Bond and Single Bond (self-etching and etchand-rinse systems, respectively) were applied, each to half of the prepared cavities, which were restored with composite resin. Half of the specimens in each group underwent 10,000 cycles of thermocycling. Microleakage was evaluated using two dimensional (2D) and three dimensional (3D) dye penetration techniques separately for each half of each specimen. Data were analyzed with SPSS 11.5 (SPSS Inc.), using the Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests (${\alpha}=0.05$). Results: The difference between the 2D and 3D microleakage evaluation techniques was significant at the occlusal margins of Single bond groups (p = 0.002). The differences between 2D and 3D microleakage evaluation techniques were significant at both the occlusal and cervical margins of Clearfil SE Bond groups (p = 0.017 and p = 0.002, respectively). The difference between the 2D and 3D techniques was significant at the occlusal margins of non-aged groups (p = 0.003). The difference between these two techniques was significant at the occlusal margins of the aged groups (p = 0.001). The Mann-Whitney test showed significant differences between the two techniques only at the occlusal margins in all specimens. Conclusions: Under the limitations of the present study, it can be concluded that the 3D technique has the capacity to detect occlusal microleakage more precisely than the 2D technique.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
• /
• v.36 no.5
• /
• pp.409-418
• /
• 2011

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to compare the microshear bond strength (${\mu}$SBS) and bonding interfaces of two-step total-etching and self-etching adhesive systems to three etch types of dentin either the acid etched, laser etched or laser and acid etched. Materials and Methods: The occlusal dentinal surfaces of thirty human molars were used. They were divided into six groups: group 1, 37% $H_3PO_4$ + Single Bond 2 (3M ESPE); group 2, Er:YAG laser (KEY Laser 3, KaVo) + Single Bond 2; group 3, Er:YAG laser + 37% $H_3PO_4$ + Single Bond 2; group 4, Clearfil SE Primer + Bond (Kuraray); group 5, Er:YAG laser + Clearfil SE Bond; group 6, Er:YAG laser + Clearfil SE Primer + Bond. The samples were subjected to ${\mu}$SBS testing 24 hr after bonding. Also scanning microscopic evaluations were made on the resin-dentin interfaces of six specimens. Results: The ${\mu}$SBS of group 2 was significantly lower than that of groups 1 and 3 in Single Bond 2 (p < 0.05). There were significant differences among the uSBS of groups 4, 5, and 6 in Clearfil SE Bond (p < 0.05). Very short and slender resin tags were observed in groups 2 and 5. Long and slender resin tags and lateral branches of tags were observed in groups 3 and 6. Conclusions: Treatment of dentin surface using phosphoric acid or self-etching primer improved the adhesion of Er:YAG lased dentin.

• Journal of Dental Rehabilitation and Applied Science
• /
• v.23 no.1
• /
• pp.85-93
• /
• 2007

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the microleakage of root-end filling material filled in blood contaminated root-end cavity and self-etching adhesive placed over blood contaminated resected root apices without root-end preparation. Extracted, human maxillary incisors, canines and mandibular premolar were randomly divided into four groups of 15 teeth each. After canal preparation, resection of the apex and root-end preparation, MTA and IRM were filled in the root-end cavity (A and B group). After canal preparation and resection of the apex, Clearfil SE Bond and Prompt L-Pop were applied over the contaminated root-end surfaces (C and D group). The roots were then subjected to 15cm of water pressure to simulate periapical microleakage stress. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA. The results were as follows : 1. All groups showed a tendency of decreasing microleakage in process of time after 2weeks later except IRM group. 2. After 2 weeks and 1 month, MTA group showed less microleakage significantly than other groups(p<0.05). After 2 months, Prompt L-Pop group showed less microleakage significantly than other groups(p<0.05). 3. After 9 months, there were no significant differences among four groups(p>0.05). Thus it is considered that apical sealing using adhesives system without root-end preparation is good method in endodontic surgery.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
• /
• v.31 no.2
• /
• pp.103-112
• /
• 2006

This study investigated the hypothesis that the dentin bond strength of self-etching adhesive (SEA) might be improved by applying additional layer of bonding resin that might alleviate the pH difference between the SEA and the restorative composite resin. Two SEAs were used in this study; Experimental SEA (Exp, pH: 1.96) and Adper Prompt (AP, 3M ESPE, USA, pH: 1.0) In the control groups they were applied with two sequential coats In the experimental groups, after applying the forst coat of assigned SEAs, the D/E bonding resin of All-Bond 2 (Bisco Inc., USA, pH: 6.9) was applied as the intermediate adhesive. Z-250 (3M ESPE, USA) composite resin was built-up in order to prepare hourglass-shaped specimens . The microtensile bond strength (MTBS) was measured and the effect of the Intermediate layer on the bond strength was analyzed for each SEA using t-test. The fracture mode of each specimen was inspected using stereomicroscope and Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FE-SEM). When D/E bonding resin was applied as the second coat, MTBS was significantly higher than that of the control groups . The incidence of the failure between the adhesive and the composite or between the adhesive and dentin decreased and that of the failure within the adhesive layer increased. According to the results , applying the bonding resin of neutral pH can increase the bond strength of SEAs by alleviating the difference in acidity between the SEA and restorative composite resin.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
• /
• v.13 no.3
• /
• pp.330-338
• /
• 2013

In order to explore microleakage in class V cavity based on different kinds of several dentin adhesive and composite resin, 2 kinds of composite resin was restored and exposed after applying 4 kinds of dentin adhesives. Deposited in methylene blue solution for 4 hours and cut in parallel with tooth longitudinal axis. By observing dye penetration level of enamel and dentin margins of each restored resin following conclusion was obtained. 1. In composite resin Filtek Z350XT Universal (3M/ESPE Dental Products, USA) in enamel margin, Easy Bond (3M/ESPE Dental Products) showed the lowest microleakage and this leakage was represented to be high in the order of Single Bond 2 (3M/ESPE Dental Products), Scotchbond Multi-Purpose (3M/ESPE Dental Products) and Cearfil SE Bond (Kuraray Medical Inc., Japan). In case of Filtek Z350XT Flowable (3M/ESPE Dental Products), Scotchbond Multi-Purpose showed the lowest microleakage and this leakage was represented to be high in the order of Single Bond 2, Clearfil SE Bond and Easy Bond. 2. In case of Filtek Z350XT Universal in dentin margin, Easy Bond showed the lowest microleakage and this leakage was represented to be high in the order of Scotchbond Multi-Purpose, Single Bond 2 and Clearfil SE Bond. In case of Filtek Z350XT Flowable, Scotchbond Multi-Purpose and Single Bond showed the lowest microleakage and this leakage was represented to be high in the order of Clearfil SE Bond and Easy Bond. 3. In all the groups excepting S-U group (Single Bond 2+Filtek Z350XT Universal), enamel margin showed more higher microleakage than that of dentin margin. 4. There was a difference between enamel and dentin margin among each group but it was not significant statistically (p>0.05). When summarizing this result, it is considered that composite resin and dentin adhesive could be applied selectively and particularly in case of applying 1-step self-etching dentin adhesive, this method would be advantageous for manipulation convenience and shortening of operation time.