• KCI Concrete Journal
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.19-28
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• 1999

This study treated self-compacting high Performance concrete as two Phase materials of Paste and aggregates and examined the effect of powder and aggregates on self-compacting high performance, since fluidity and segregation resistance of fresh concrete are changed mainly by paste. To improve the fluidity and self-compactibility of concrete, optimum powder ratio of self-compacting high performance concrete using fly ash and blast-furnace slag as powders were calculated. This study was also designed to provide basic materials for suitable design of mix proportion by evaluating fluidity and compactibility by various volume ratios of fine aggregates, paste, and aggregates. As a result, the more fly ash was replaced, the more confined water ratio was reduced because of higher fluidity. The smallest confined water ratio was determined when 15% blast-furnace slag was replaced. The lowest confined water ratio was acquired when 20% fly ash and 15% blast-furnace slag were replaced together. The optimum fine aggregates ratio with the best compactibility was the fine aggregate ratio with the lowest percentage of void in mixing coarse aggregate and fine aggregate In mixing the high performance concrete. Self-compacting high performance concrete with desirable compactibility required more than minimum of unit volume weight. If the unit volume weight used was less than the minimum, concrete had seriously reduced compactibility.

• Advances in concrete construction
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.103-121
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• 2018

This paper reports the effects of coarse and fine recycled concrete aggregates (RCA) on fresh and hardened properties of self-compacting concrete (SCC) containing ground granulated blast-furnace slag (GGBFS) as cement replacement. For this purpose, three SCC mixes groups, were produced at a constant water to binder ratio of 0.38. Both fine and coarse recycled aggregates were used as natural aggregates (NA) replacement at different substitution levels of 0%, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% by volume for each mix group. Each group, included 0, 15% or 30% GGBFS as Portland cement replacement by weight. The SCC properties investigated were self-compactability parameters (i.e., slump flow, T500 time, V-funnel flow time, L-box passing ability and sieve stability), compressive strength, capillary water absorption and water penetration depth. The results show that the combined use of RCA with GGBFS had a significant effect on fresh and hardened SCC mixes. The addition of both fine and coarse recycled aggregates as a substitution up to 50% of natural aggregates enhance the workability of SCC mixes, whereas the addition from 50 to 100% decreases the workability, whatever the slag content used as cement replacement. An enhancement of workability of SCC mixes with recycled aggregates was noticed as increasing GGBFS from 0 to 30%. RCA content of 25% to 50% as NA replacement and cement replacement of 15% GGBFS seems to be the optimum level to produce satisfactory SCC without any bleeding or segregation. Furthermore, the addition of slag to recycled concrete aggregates of SCC mixes reduces strength losses at the long term (56 and 90 days). However, a decrease in the capillary water absorption and water permeability depth was noticed, when using RCA mixes with slag.

• Rapid Communication in Photoscience
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• 제3권4호
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• pp.67-69
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• 2014

Bis(2-thienyl)-diketopyrrolopyrrole having two $Zn^{II}$-cylcens (DPPCy) was synthesized. DPP-aggregates were constructed by self-organization of DPPCy and $dT_n$-DNAs. In the presence of L-ascorbic acid as an electron sacrifice reagent, the DPP aggregates immobilized on a gold electrode exhibit good anodic photocurrent responses as well as cathodic photocurrent responses in the presence of methyl viologen. The anodic photocurrent responses depend on the DNA lengths because of the formation of uniform DPP-aggregates corresponding to the DNA lengths. The present results show that photocurrent responses of the DPP-aggregates can be controlled by DNA lengths and electron sacrifice reagents.

• Computers and Concrete
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• 제2권5호
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• pp.411-421
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• 2005

A linear programming problem of the optimal proportioning of concrete aggregates is discussed; and a self-adaptive genetic algorithm is developed to solve this problem. The proposed method is based on changing a range of variables for capturing the feasible region of the optimum solution. A computational verification of this method is compared with the results of the linear programming.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제88권2호
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• pp.141-157
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• 2023

In the present paper, the effect of recycled aggregates on the rheological and mechanical properties of self-consolidating concrete is investigated experimentally and numerically. Hence, the specimen with two types of recycled aggregates, i.e., known and unknown resistance origins, are utilized for the studied specimens. The experiments in this study are designed using the Box-Behnken method, which is one of the response surface methods. Input variables in mixtures include silica fume in the range of 5-15% as a percentage substitute for cement weight and recycled coarse and fine aggregates in the range of 0-50% for both series of recycled materials as a substitute for natural materials. The studied responses are slump flow, V funnel, compressive strength, tensile strength, and durability. The results indicate that the increase in the amount of recycled aggregates reduces the rheological and mechanical properties of the mixtures, while silica fume effectively improves the mechanical properties. In addition, the results demonstrate that the fine recycled aggregates affect the total response of the concrete significantly. The results of tensile and compressive strengths indicate that the mixtures including 50% recycled materials with known resistance origin demonstrate better responses up to 8 and 10% compared to the materials with unknown resistance origins, respectively. Recycled materials with a specific resistance origin also show better results than recycled materials with an unknown resistance origin. Durability test results represent those concretes containing recycled coarse aggregates have lower strength compared to recycled fine aggregates. Also, a series of mathematical relationships for all the responses are presented using variance analysis to predict mixtures' rheological and mechanical properties.

• 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.193-203
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• 2011

본 연구에서는 폐콘크리트에서 발생하는 순환잔골재가 구조용 재료로서 많은 문제점이 있음을 인지하고 순환잔골재가 포함하고 있는 미분말이 강도증진 효과와 유동성을 증가 시킬 수 있다는 특성을 이용하여 자기충전 콘크리트(Self-Compacting Concrete, 이하 SCC로 표기)에 활용하게 되었다. 즉 순환잔골재가 갖는 미분말이 자기충전 콘크리트 특성인 고강도(40 MPa 이상)와 높은 유동성(JSCE 2등급)을 발현하기에 적당하여 폐콘크리트에서 발생하는 순환잔골재를 일반잔골재 대비 순환잔골재의 혼입률을 25%씩 증가시켜, 총 5수준으로 달리하여 자기충전 콘크리트에 적용하였으며, 이에 따라 굳지 않은 콘크리트의 물리적 특성, 경화한 콘크리트의 역학적 및 내구 특성을 검토하여 순환잔골재를 자기충전 콘크리트 재료로서 활용 가능성을 검토하고자 한다. 그 결과 물리적, 역학적 및 내구특성의 5수준 배합비율 중 일반잔골재 대비 순환잔골재는 50% 혼입률까지 적용가능하다는 결론을 얻었으며, 그 이상의 혼입률에서는 오히려 성능저하가 발생한다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 또한 실생활에서의 적용 가능성을 알아보기 위한 실구조물의 적용성이 차후 검토 되어야 할 것으로 판단된다.

• International Journal of Concrete Structures and Materials
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.185-206
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• 2015

This paper presents statistical models developed to study the influence of key mix design parameters on the properties of lightweight self-consolidating concrete (LWSCC) with expanded shale (ESH) aggregates. Twenty LWSCC mixtures are designed and tested, where responses (properties) are evaluated to analyze influence of mix design parameters and develop the models. Such responses included slump flow diameter, V-funnel flow time, J-ring flow diameter, J-ring height difference, L-box ratio, filling capacity, sieve segregation, unit weight and compressive strength. The developed models are valid for mixes with 0.30-0.40 water-to-binder ratio, high range water reducing admixture of 0.3-1.2 % (by total content of binder) and total binder content of $410-550kg/m^3$. The models are able to identify the influential mix design parameters and their interactions which can be useful to reduce the test protocol needed for proportioning of LWSCCs. Three industrial class ESH-LWSCC mixtures are developed using statistical models and their performance is validated through test results with good agreement. The developed ESH-LWSCC mixtures are able to satisfy the European EFNARC criteria for self-consolidating concrete.

• Computers and Concrete
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.249-259
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• 2018

The use of recycled aggregate in concrete is gaining much attention due to the growing need for sustainability in construction. In the present study, Self Compacting Concrete (SCC) is made using both natural and recycled aggregate (crushed recycled concrete aggregate from building demolished waste) and performance of recycled aggregate based SCC for the bond behaviour of reinforcement is evaluated. The major factors that influence the bond like concrete compressive strength (Mix-A, B and C), diameter of bar ($D_b=10$, 12 and 16 mm) and embedment length of bar ($L_d=2.5Db$, $5D_b$ and full depth of specimen) are the parameters considered in the present study in addition to type of aggregates (natural and recycled aggregates). The mix proportions of Natural Aggregate SCC (NASCC) are arrived based on the specifications of IS 10262. The mix proportions also satisfy the guidelines of EFNARC. In case of Recycled Aggregate SCC (RASCC), both the natural coarse and fine aggregates are replaced 100% by volume with that of recycled aggregates. These mixes are also evaluated for fresh properties as per EFNARC. The hardened properties like compressive strength, split tensile strength and flexural strength are also determined. The pull-out test is conducted as per the specifications of IS 2770 (Part-1) for determining the bond strength of reinforcement. Bond stress versus slip curves were plotted and a typical comparison of RASCC is made with NASCC. The fracture energy i.e., area under the bond stress slip curve is determined. With the use of recycled aggregates, reduction in maximum bond stress is noticed whereas, the normalised maximum bond stress is higher in case of recycled aggregates. Based on the experimental results, regression analysis is conducted and an equation is proposed to predict the maximum bond stress of RASCC. The equation is in good agreement with the experimental results. The available models in the literature are made use to predict the maximum bond stress and compare the present results.

• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건축시공학회 2013년도 춘계 학술논문 발표대회
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• pp.337-338
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• 2013

Recent research is needed for the reduction of the pH of the recycled aggregates, recycled aggregates for alkali social problems have emerged. This was confirmed through preliminary experiments using a self-made reactor with dry ice, the possibility of reducing the pH of the recycled aggregates. The pH reduction of coarse recycled aggregates plant was made to apply the field to the middle of construction waste treatment process to reduce the pH of the plant room, and measured the pH change with time. The measurement results showed that dry ice after the reaction, the pH of the aggregate 5% reduction than untreated recycled aggregates.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 2009년도 춘계 학술대회 제21권1호
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• pp.245-246
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• 2009

일반적으로 경량콘크리트는 구조물의 자중을 줄일 수 있는 장점 때문에 부재단변의 축소 및 시공 의 간편화를 이룰 수 있어 장경간 교량 및 초고층 건물 등에 적용하여 시공비용을 절감함 수 있는 효과가 있다. 그러나 경량골재는 골재자체의 특성상 콘크리트 제조시 굳지 않은 상태에서 재료분리를 일으킬 수 있다. 따라서, 본 연구에서는 경량골재를 자기충전콘크리트 배합설계에 적용하였으며, 역학적 특성과 탄산화에 대하여 검토하였다.