• Title/Summary/Keyword: Self-Patterning

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Patterning of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)(PEDOT) Thin Films by Using Self-assembled Monolayers(SAMs) Patterns Formed by Ultra-violet(UV) Lithography (UV를 사용한 SAMs 패터닝과 PEDOT의 선택적 증착에 관한 연구)

  • Kwon, T.W.;Lee, J.;Lee, J.G.
    • Korean Journal of Materials Research
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    • v.16 no.10
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    • pp.619-623
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    • 2006
  • Selective vapor deposition of conductive poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT), thin films has been carried out on self assembled monolayers patterned oxide substrate. Since the 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene(EDOT) monomer can be polymerized only in the presence of oxidant such as $FeCl_3$, the PEDOT thin film is selectively deposited on patterned $FeCl_3$, which only adsorbs on the partly removed SAMs region due to the inability of $FeCl_3$ to adsorb on SAMs. Therefore, the partly removed SAMs can act as an adsorption layer for the $FeCl_3$ and also as a glue layer for the deposition of PEDOT, resulting in the significantly increased adhesion of PEDOT to $SiO_2$ substrate. The use of UV lithography and Cr patterned quartz mask provided the formation of SAMs patterns on oxide substrates, which allowed for the selective deposition of conductive PEDOT thin films.$^{oo}The$ new process was successfully developed for the selective deposition of PEDOT thin films on SAMs patterned oxide substrate, providing a new way for the patterning of vapor phase deposition of PEDOT thin films with accurate alignment and addressing the inherent adhesion issues between PEDOT and dielectrics.

Patterning Waterbird Assemblages on Rice Fields Using Self-Organizing Map and Random Forest (자기조직화지도(Self-organizing map)와 랜덤 포레스트 분석(Random forest)을 이용한 논습지에 도래하는 수조류 군집 특성 파악)

  • Nam, Hyung-Kyu;Choi, Seung-Hye;Yoo, Jeong-Chil
    • Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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    • v.34 no.3
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    • pp.168-177
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    • 2015
  • BACKGROUND: In recent year, there has been great concern regarding agricultural land uses and their importance for the conservation of biodiversity. Rice fields are managed unique wetland for wildlife, especially waterbirds. A comprehensive monitoring of the waterbird assemblage to understand patterning changes was attempted for rice ecosystem in South Korea. This rice ecosystem has been recognized as one of the most important for waterbirds conservation. METHODS AND RESULTS: Biweekly monitoring was implemented for the 4 years from April 2009 to March 2010, from April 2011 to March 2014. 32 species of waterbirds were observed. Self-organizing map (SOM) and random forest were applied to the waterbirds dataset to identify the characteristics in waterbirds distribution. SOM and random forest analysis clearly classified into four clusters and extract ecological information from waterbird dataset. Waterbird assemblages represented strong seasonality and habitat use according to waterbird group such as shorebirds, herons and waterfowl. CONCLUSION: Our results showed that the combination of SOM and random forest analysis could be useful for ecosystem assessment and management. Furthermore, we strongly suggested that a strict management strategy for the rice fields to conserve the waterbirds. The strategy could be seasonally and species specific.

Self-activated Graphene Gas Sensors: A Mini Review

  • Kim, Taehoon;Eom, Tae Hoon;Jang, Ho Won
    • Journal of Sensor Science and Technology
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    • v.29 no.4
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    • pp.220-226
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    • 2020
  • Graphene has been widely considered a promising candidate for high-quality chemical sensors, owing to its outstanding characteristics, such as sensitive gas adsorption at room temperature, high conductivity, high flexibility, and high transparency. However, the main drawback of a graphene-based gas sensor is the necessity for external heaters due to its slow response, incomplete recovery, and low selectivity at room temperature. Conventional heating devices have limitations such as large volume, thermal safety issues, and high power consumption. Moreover, metal-based heating systems cannot be applied to transparent and flexible devices. Thus, to solve this problem, a method of supplying the thermal energy necessary for gas sensing via the self-heating of graphene by utilizing its high carrier mobility has been studied. Herein, we provide a brief review of recent studies on self-activated graphene-based gas sensors. This review also describes various strategies for the self-activation of graphene sensors and the enhancement of their sensing properties.

A NUMERICAL STUDY ON A THIN FILM MANUFACTURING PROCESS USING THE CONTROL OF SURFACE ENERGY OF A MICRODROPLET (미세액적의 표면에너지 제어를 통한 박막 제조 공정에 대한 연구)

  • Suh, Y.;Son, G.
    • 한국전산유체공학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 2008.03a
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    • pp.221-226
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    • 2008
  • Numerical simulation is performed for microdroplet deposition on a pre-patterned micro-structure. The level-set method for tracking the liquid-gas interface is extended to treat the immersed (or irregular-shaped) solid surface. The no-slip condition at the fluid-solid interface as well as the matching conditions at the liquid-gas interface is accurately imposed by incorporating the ghost fluid approach based on a sharp-interface representation. The method is further extended to treat the contact angle condition at an immersed solid surface. The present computation of a patterning process using microdroplet ejection demonstrates that the multiphase characteristics between the liquid-gas-solid phases can be used to improve the patterning accuracy.

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A NUMERICAL STUDY ON A THIN FILM MANUFACTURING PROCESS USING THE CONTROL OF SURFACE ENERGY OF A MICRODROPLET (미세액적의 표면에너지 제어를 통한 박막 제조 공정에 대한 연구)

  • Suh, Y.;Son, G.
    • 한국전산유체공학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 2008.10a
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    • pp.221-226
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    • 2008
  • Numerical simulation is performed for microdroplet deposition on a pre-patterned micro-structure. The level-set method for tracking the liquid-gas interface is extended to treat the immersed (or irregular-shaped) solid surface. The no-slip condition at the fluid-solid interface as well as the matching conditions at the liquid-gas interface is accurately imposed by incorporating the ghost fluid approach based on a sharp-interface representation. The method is further extended to treat the contact angle condition at an immersed solid surface. The present computation of a patterning process using microdroplet ejection demonstrates that the multiphase characteristics between the liquid-gas-solid phases can be used to improve the patterning accuracy.

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Selective Array of Polystyrene Beads by Using Nanometer-Scaled Hydrophilic Thin Film Patterning (나노미터 규격의 친수성 박막 패터닝을 이용한 선택적 폴리스티렌 입자 배열)

  • Kang, Jung-Hwa;Kim, Kyoung-Soeb;Kim, Nam-Hoon;Roh, Yong-Han
    • Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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    • 2007.11a
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    • pp.103-104
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    • 2007
  • Nanometer-scaled polymer beads, such as polystyrene beads, were used as nanometer fabrication materials due to their some advantages such as self-assembled monolayer, nanometer scaled size and excellent compatibility with silicon based devices. Thus, the investigation on these properties of polymer beads was required. It is difficult to control the array of polystyrene beads on silicon substrate. In this study, we investigated the condition of selective array of polystyrene beads on nanometer-scaled hydrophilic surface which was obtained by APS coating. A tilting method was used to array the polystyrene beads selectively on the substrate. The polystyrene beads could be arrayed selectively by this method. From these results, we verified that there are possibilities to fabricate unique tools for the nanometer-scaled electrical devices.

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Development of a Family Pattern Appraisal to Guide a Rogerian Nursing Practice (Rogers 이론에 근거한 가족양상 사정지침개발)

  • 이광옥;한영란;김희정
    • Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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    • v.25 no.4
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    • pp.751-773
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    • 1995
  • We, clinical nurse specialists practising and guiding student practice in a Community health nursing clinic, wanted to develop a family pattern appraisal consistent with Rogers' conceptual system, the nursing model guiding our practice. We use Rogers' model because it is harmonious with the traditional Korean view of the one human, natural and cosmic world. The purpose of our research was to contribute to science - based nursing practice, not only, one helpful model, but also a model of how to use, in guiding practice, a conceptual system which reflects nurse practitioners' philosophy of nursing, is intellectually satisfying, and enriches meaning in daily nursing life. The research objectives were to review the literature on Rogers' model and analyse it according to Kim's five - level analytical framework, to explore Rogers' definition of family, to review appraisals based on Rogers' model, and to develop a family appraisal which is culturally appropriate for use in our community. This work including the use of the appraisal and its refinement with families in our practice which was done during 1994 and 1995, in Seoul, in the Capital of the Republic of Korea. At the highest level of analysis, Rogers conceptual system emphasizes acausality and multidimentional meaning ; the world view is characterized by process, movement and wholeness. The epistemology Is one of holism and the knowledge base includes all forms of experience, from sensory to mystical, objective, and subjective. At the metaparadigm level, nursing focuses on the unitary human being and the environment. At the level of nursing philosophy, the model identifies human being, nursing, nurse, and illness and health. At the paradigm level the model assumes the irriducibility of the human to parts, noncausality and continual change. Rogers' practice methodology consists of pattern manifestation appraisal and deliberative mutual patterning. Under-standing patterns and patterning of people is the key to helping them achieve their potential. At the theory level, the basic assumptions, key concepts, and homeodynamic principles were identified. Rogers states the family energy field is an undividable, four-dimensional negentropic energy field which is in a larger envircinmental field show-ing such characteristics as cannot be predicted by knowledge of individual family members. Based on the word of Rogers scholars, we chose Rogers' correlates of patterning to understand the family unit as a whole-frequency, rhythms, motion, time perception, sleeping-waking beyond waking, pragmatic -imaginative-visionary to develop the appraisal. We, also used some of Barrel's (1988) criteria including interpersonal network and professional health care access and use, and Cordon's (1982) criteria including self perception - self concept modified to fit the family. Our family Pattern appraisal included 1. Influencirg data, 2. Professional health care access and use, 3. Family self perception-self concept, 4. Family interpersonal network, 5. Sleep-wake-be-yond waking, 6. Pragmatic-imaginary-visionary, 7. Family frequency and rhythm, 8. Family motion, 9. Family time perception. The appraisal was used with four families and modified to eliminate overlap and to make it possible for the family member to express themselves more easily. We plan to gain more experience with the appraisal toward further development of the tool.

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Studies on the Patterning of Polyimide LB Film and Its Application for Bioelectronic Device (폴리이미드 LB 필름을 이용한 패터닝 및 생물전자 소자로의 응용에 관한 연구)

  • 오세용;박준규;정찬문;최정우
    • Polymer(Korea)
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    • v.26 no.5
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    • pp.634-643
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    • 2002
  • Ultrathin film of polyamic acid having benzene and sulfonyloxyimide moieties was prepared using the Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) technique, and then photosensitive polyimide LB film was obtained by the thermal treatment of precursor polyamic acid multilayers at 200$\^{C}$ for 1 hr. The polyamic acid was synthesized by condensation polymerization under THF and pyridine cosolvent. All monomers and polymers were identified through elemental analysis, FT-IR and $^1$H-NMR spectroscopic measurements. The microarray patterning of photosensitive polyimide LB film on a gold substrate was generated with a deep UV lithography technique. The well-characterized monolayer of cytochrome c was immobilized on the microarray patterns using two different self-assembly processes. Physical and electrochemical properties of the self-assembled cytochrome c monolayer were investigated based on cyclic voltammetry and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Also, its application in bioelectronic device was examined.

Review on Effective Skills to Inhibit Dendrite Growth for Stable Lithium Metal Electrode (리튬금속전극의 덴드라이트 성장 억제 방안의 연구 동향)

  • Kim, Yerang;Park, Jihye;Hwang, Yujin;Jung, Cheolsoo
    • Journal of the Korean Electrochemical Society
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    • v.25 no.2
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    • pp.51-68
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    • 2022
  • Although lithium metal batteries have a high energy density, experimental skills capable of solving lots of problems induced by dendrite such as short circuit, low coulomb efficiency, capacity loss, and cycle performance are still only in academic research stage. In this paper, research cases for dendrite growth inhibition on lithium metal electrode were classified into four types: flexible SEI (solid electrolyte interface) layer responding to volume expansion of lithium metal electrode, SEI supporting layer to inhibit dendrite growth physically, SHES (self-healing electrostatic shield) mechanism to adjust lithium growth by leading uniform diffusion of Li+ ions, and finally micro-patterning to induce uniform deposition of lithium. We hope to advance the practical use of lithium metal electrode by analyzing pros and cons of this classification.

A Qualitative Study of Nursing Students' first Clinical Experience (전문대 간호학생들의 첫 임상실습 체험 연구)

  • Park, Mi-Young;Kim, Soon-Yi
    • The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
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    • v.6 no.1
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    • pp.23-35
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    • 2000
  • This qualitative nursing research used a hermeneutic phenomenological approach to discovery of meaning of the nursing students' clinical experience in junior colleges. Data collecting was utilized by in- depth face-to-face interviews of 10 sophomores who were participating in their first clinical experience. The following themes of the experience emerged. 1) The first step of fear (fear, being embarrassed) 2) Rhythmical patterning of theory and practice(disappointment of nurses, recognition of the gap between the theory and practice, the conflict between medical doctors and nurses, trouble with the students from other colleges, confusion from nurses' educational and noneducational attitudes, burden of responsibility for nurses' jobs, and the tiresome nature of repeated practice) 3) Discovery of changing self, awareness of self-expansion (awareness of professional nurses' roles, formation of self-confidence, changing of one's state of mind) From this study essential theme of clinical experience of nursing student's was identified, and continuous efforts to establish better adaptation of nursing students to clinical practice are required.

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