• English Language & Literature Teaching
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.17-36
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• 2005

The purpose of this study is to examine the ways in which CALL apply to enhance the motivational aspects of second language learning. Theories relevant to social, cognitive, and affective foundations of motivation are first reviewed to demonstrate the important role of motivational influences in improving learners' affect and achievements. Then, implications arising from such theories in strengthening the motivational aspects of CALL are explicated in the second part. With the spread of computer technology in language classrooms, the innovative role of CALL in the development and maintenance of intrinsic motivation can be illustrated. Specifically, CALL may provide cognitively supportive instruction geared towards improving students' performance. Also, it has been reported from the affective perspective that CALL can captivate learners' attention, promote their feelings and expectations of success, improve perceptions of control, and increase positive attributions to effort and ability. Finally, from a social learning perspective, CALL may enhance learners' self-efficacy and foster their achievement and positive affect through social interactions, proximal goal-setting, and attributional feedback. In the framework of CALL, students seem to be benefited by the immediacy and authenticity of contact with target languages and cultures made at their choices and decisions.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.236-245
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• 2003

Purpose: This study was to develop a screening model for identifying a high risk group of dementia and to develop and evaluate the web-based prevention program. Method: It was conducted in 5 phases. 1) Data were collected from dementia patients and non-dementia patients in a community. 2) A screening model of the high risk population was constructed. 3) The validity test was performed and the model was confirmed. 4) Four weeks-prevention program was developed. 5) The program was administered, and evaluated the effects. Result: The model consisted of age, illiteracy, history of stroke and hypercholesterolemia. The program was designed with 12 sessions, group health education using web-based individual instruction program, and 12 sessions of low-intensity physical exercise program. After the completion, their self-efficacy, and health behaviors in experimental group were significantly improved over those in the control group. The perceived barrier in the treatment group is significantly decreased. Conclusion: The screening model developed is very simple and can be utilized in diverse community settings. And the web based prevention program will encourage individual learning and timely feedback, therefore it can facilitate their active participation and promote health management behaviors at home.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aviation and Aeronautics
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.61-73
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• 2020

This study is an empirical analysis of the cultural competencies of college students majoring in aviation services on their major satisfaction and professionalism. In order to focus on the cultural competencies of aviation service college students, who are rarely addressed in the preceding study and to see how cultural competencies have significant effects on their major satisfaction and professionalism, we divid them into six sub factors: willingness to participate, cognitive openness/flexibility, emotional control, patience with uncertainty, self-efficacy, and cultural empathy. And the mediated effects of major satisfaction on cultural competency and professionalism are analyzed to provide educational implications for cultural competency. Based on the results of this study, it is expected to apply to the education of aviation service-related departments, it will be a basic data to promote students' adaptation to the department and satisfaction of the department and to train global professional service personnel who can improve their post-employment work adaptability, job satisfaction, and service productivity.

• Korean Parent-Child Health Journal
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.15-26
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• 2000

These days Women have repented their past when they were inactive in attaining their own rights and they've payed attentions in gaining their fundamental rights, especially health rights. The spread of contraception use is important to fulfill women's health right. There are a lot of meanings in the contraception use. It makes women can control their reproductive activities such as pregnancy, delivery, and raising children etc. It gives each woman has autonomy of her life. The review reveals high contraceptive rate and high experienced artificial abortion rate in Korea. It means Korean married couples use contraception inefficiently. From 1970's to 1980's, most of the researches in contraceptions were descriptive and survey studies. Since 1990's, the studies have researched in the feministic perspectives. In order to understand experiences of contraceptive behaviors, qualitative researches through indepth interview did. But the number of researches were limited. The relating factors to contraceptive behavior are knowledge, communication between couples, efficiency of contraceptives, self efficacy, attitudes toward contraception, national policy, mass media, public opinion, age, parity, abortion history, ever-used contraceptive method and educational level. Theses factors affect contraception directly and indirectly. Therefore. researches about contraceptives in the future must focus on development of contraceptive behavior assessment tools and further study should be comprehensive and multidementional.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.198-205
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of real-time remote video instruction using zoom on learners' English reading achievement. The study also sought to identify the efficiency of zoom video lectures and consider supplementing them by surveying learners' opinions and satisfaction regarding zoom video lectures. To this end, control and experimental groups were set up, and two achievement tests and a questionnaire were conducted. The study's results demonstrated that zoom video lectures have a positive effect on learners' English reading achievement. The questionnaire found that learners are satisfied with zoom video lectures for the following reasons: 'increased interest in and motivation towards learning', 'self-directed learning', 'active interaction', 'ease of access', 'ease of information retrieval'. At the same time, the questionnaire also found that some learners are dissatisfied with zoom video lectures due to 'mechanical errors or defects', 'poor audio quality', and 'the need to add customized functions for efficient classes'. In practice, zoom video lectures must be supplemented with automatic attendance processing, convenient data upload and download, and more efficient video screen management. Given the recent increase in online classes, we, as instructors, must develop teaching activities and/or strategies for video lectures that can encourage active participation by learners.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.355-365
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• 2004

Purpose: The aims of this study were to develope a structural model of health insensitivity and to verify the model of health insensitivity. Method: There were three theoretical variables in the hypothetical model. The endogenous variable was health insensitivity which is a concept including bluntness of health risk perception and unhealthy behavior. The exogenous variables were composed of personal factors and socio-cultural factors. In personal factors, neuroticism, external health locus of control, blunting style of information-seeking, deficit of self-efficacy, knowledge deficit related to health, health-related experience, age and education were included. Whereas socio-cultural factors include perceived group size of unhealthy behavior and stereotypes of unhealthy behavior. Result: Personal factors and sociocultural factors were significant in explanation of the health insensitivity. Relationship between personal factors and sociocultural factors was significant, too. However, the optimistic bias as part of health insensitivity was not supported by these data. GFI, AGFI and PGFI were .95, .92, .65, respectively. Therefore, this model was verified to be a good fit to the data and parsimonious. Conclusion: Nursing to change unhealthy behavior has focused on personal factors rather than sociocultural factors. Based on this result, however, the sociocultural factors should be considered as well.

• Journal of East-West Nursing Research
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.17-27
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• 2020

Purpose: This study aimed to examine the effect of auricular acupressure therapy on reducing the ocular symptoms and signs for dry eye syndrome. Methods: The participants who were aged ≥ 40 years old and met the inclusion criteria of the ocular surface disease index score ≥ 13 and a tear film break-up time ≤ 10 seconds were enrolled into the two groups: experimental group (n=29) and control group (n=27). Experimental group received auricular acupressure therapy for 8 weeks. Seed stickers were applied to the eye, liver and tubercle point of each ear once a week. Data were collected at pre and 4 and 8 weeks after the treatment and analysed the efficacy of intervention by repeated measures ANOVA. Results: There were significant differences in the ocular surface disease index, standard patient evaluation of eye dryness and a tear film break-up time in both eyes at 8 weeks after the treatment between the two groups. Conclusion: The findings indicate that the auricular acupressure therapy may be helpful for relieving symptoms of dry eye as a nursing intervention. In addition, it could also be utilized as a self-care practice using proper education and training.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.107-114
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• 2001

Recently the number of elderly have been increasing at a rapid pace in Korea. Accompanying this aged society are numerous health problems. Whit this in mind health-promotion behaviors such as physical activity. good nutrition and stress management are vitally important to the elderly in reducing the risk of Health problems, maintaining health and improving the overall quality of life. Health promotion programs for the elderly must be developed. The purpose of th is study was to determine influential cognitive factors on health-promotion behaviors and the effects of previously implemented Health promotion programs. For this, previous studies were reviewed and analyzed. The results were as follows. 1. Cognitive factors on health-promotion behaviors were internal locus of control, perceived health status, self-efficacy, concerns about health, social support, attending social activities. 2. Components of health promotion programs were exercise and health education. Exercise was performed in most programs. The effects of exercise programs were improved flexibility, muscle strength. balance, cardiopulmonary function and elevated ability of daily living, perceived health status, quality of lift and a decrease depression. The results strongly suggest that complex health promotion programs should be developed. Health promotion programs need to include exercise, health education, health counseling and social activities. We have to consider cognitive factors on health-promotion behaviors.

• Macromolecular Research
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.72-78
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• 2009

Size control of therapeutic carriers in drug delivery systems has become important due to its relevance to biodistribution in the human body and therapeutic efficacy. To understand the dependence of particle size on the formation condition during nanoprecipitation method, we prepared nanoparticles from biodegradable, amphiphilic block copolymers and investigated the particle size and structure of the resultant nanoparticles according to various process parameters. We synthesized monomethoxy poly(ethylene glycol)-poly($\varepsilon$-caprolactone) block copolymer, MPEG-PCL, with different MPEG/PCL ratios via ring opening polymerization initiated from the hydroxyl end group of MPEG. Using various formulations with systematic change of the block ratio of MPEG and PCL, solvent choice, and concentration of organic phase, MPEG-PCL nanoparticles were prepared through nanoprecipitation technique. The results indicated that (i) the nanoparticles have a dual structure with an MPEG shell and a PCL core, originating from self-assembly of MPEG-PCL copolymer in aqueous condition, and (ii) the size of nanoparticles is dependent upon two sequential processes: diffusion between the organic and aqueous phases and solidification of the polymer.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.7 no.8
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• pp.407-417
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• 2020

Entrepreneurship has become an important topic for governments to shape and influence the quantity and quality of entrepreneurship and improve policy toward the entrepreneurial economy. This study investigates the factors affecting the entrepreneurial decision of nascent entrepreneurs belonging to Generation Y in Vietnam. A mixed-method including both qualitative and quantitative methodologies was utilized. A focus group was carried out with 11 participants for exploring, reviewing, and testing content validity of constructs and measurement items. The conceptual model and hypotheses were developed using data collected by a questionnaire survey. The cross-sectional survey method was applied. A sample of 221 respondents was constituted, by both electronic and paper surveys with non-probability and convenience sampling techniques. SmartPLS 3 software was employed to analyze the data collected. The results show that nine factors were affecting the entrepreneurial decision of nascent entrepreneurs belonging to Generation Y in Vietnam, including entrepreneurial education, family background, entrepreneurial ecosystem, perceived behavioral control, social valuation, perceived opportunity, attitude, entrepreneurial self-efficacy, and entrepreneurial intention. The findings show the importance of entrepreneurial education, social value, and ecosystems. Therefore, in order to promote successful entrepreneurship, it is necessary to strengthen entrepreneurship education and have a strategy for the improvement of the entrepreneurship ecosystem.