• 보건교육건강증진학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.10-26
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• 1990

In Korean education, the health contents are scattered in various course subjects throughtout the primary and junior high school curriculum. So it is very difficult to provide systematic health education. The purpose of this study was to provide a guide for health education using health topic areas and major concepts that represent the scope of material that should be covered in health instruction. The steps used in selecting these health topic areas and major concepts were as follows: 1. A review of the literature related to health and health education was done to develop the rationale underlying this study. 2. Health topic areas basic to the growth and development characteristics of children, to human needs and to societal needs for healthful living were indentified. 3. The major concepts for each health topic area based on health sciences and children's growth and development levels were selected. 4. The major concepts selected were organized in sequence to guide health education from grade one to grade nine. The results of this study were as follows: 1. The identification of eleven health topic areas essential for health education. These include: personal habits and health healthy growth and development nutrition and health prevention of disease and disorders drugs and health mental health family life and health sex education accident prevention consumer health community health 2. The identification of the major concepts(generalizations) for each health topic area: 33 major concepts were identified as a guide in determining the health content of health education programs. These are 1) body cleaniness, 2) health of the sensory organs, 3) dental health, 4) exercise and rest, 5) growth and development, 6) body structure and function, 7) developmental tasks, 8) balanced nutrition, 9) eating habits, 10) food preparation and food storage, 11) sources of disease and disorders, 12) disease preventive behavior, 13) care during illness, 14) drug use and misuse, 15) drug addiction, 16) emotional responses, 17) human relationship, 18) self concept, 19) social adjustment, 20) health habits of the family, 21) interdependence of family members, 22) origin of life, 23) characteristics of man and woman, 24) sexual instinct, 25) safety behavior, 26) emergency measures, 27) criteria for selection of health products, 28) proper use of health information, 29) utilization of health and medical services, 30) environmental conservation, 31) environmental pollution, 32) population control, 33) function of public health services. 3. The organization of the concepts(generalizations) in sequence and for continuity in health instruction at the primary and junior high school level.

• 보건행정학회지
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.185-191
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• 2020

Background: From January 2018, a policy was applied to differentially apply the co-payment for medical expenses of 15,000 won or more from 30% to 10%-30% for each medical fee. This policy lowers the burden on the medical use of the elderly, and it is necessary to analyze the effect of the policy by confirming changes in medical use and supply behavior after 2 years. Methods: The National Health Insurance Service's national medical use database was used. As for the analysis method, first, the medical use and medical supply behavior change over the age of 65 years were confirmed, and second, in order to check the net effect of the policy, the 66-year-old as the experimental group and the 63-year-old as the control group were selected as the control group. The propensity score matching was performed using the variables of age, living alone, income quartile, residence, disability, chronic disease, and co-morbid disease scores, and then it was analyzed using the difference in difference analysis method. Results: The share of the number of treatments under 15,000 won decreased from 37.0% in 2017 to 20.2% in 2018, while the share of the number of treatments under 15,001-20,000 won increased from 8.0% to 22.7%. It was confirmed that the reason for the increase in the cost of treatment per treatment was the result of the increase in the amount of physical therapy and examination. As a result of the policy effect, the burden of co-payment per person was reduced, and as a result, the number of hospital visits per person and the total medical cost per person increased. Conclusion: The self-pay rate differential policy reduced the burden of medical expenses for the elderly and confirmed the increase in medical use. However, the interpretation of the increase in medical use was not able to distinguish whether the unsatisfactory medical care was satisfied or the inducement demand. Efficient allocation of resources is a more important point in the future when the super-aged society is in front. It is necessary to prepare a plan to induce rational medical use within a range that does not impair the medical accessibility of the elderly.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.65-86
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• 1990

Living conditions of the rural elderly were assessed in terms of clothing behavior, health and nutritional status, housing and envioronmental condition, and psychological adjustment. The subjects were eighty individuals over sixty residing in the rural community of Iksan-kun, Chollabukdo. The interview method using questionnaires, direct measurement, and observation was used for this study. Data were compared with those obtained from a previous study of the elderly residing in an urban area. Clothing behavior showed that the elderly residing in the rural community were more concerned about plain and conservative design of clothes than their urban counterparts. Special protective clothes for cropdusting with agricultural chemicals had not been prepared. The following urgent needs were pointed out: development and supply of agricultural chemical protective clothing and development and education of appropriate washing and clothing care methods. The health status of the elderly was generally good, but poor eating habits were found more frequently in the rural elderly than among the urban dwellers. Several dietary nutrient intakes were insufficient. Contrasting the urban elderly with the rural group, it was found that the urban group lacked sufficient vitamin A and vitamin C and the urban women had insufficient calorie whereas the rural group was deficient in protein, vitamin A, calorie, and fat. A significant relationship was found between dietary nutrient intake and health index, food habit points, self recognized health status, meal satisfaction, and economic status. Urgent needs of the development of a nutrition education program for the elderly were pointed out. Most of elderly residing in the surveyed rural communities were living alone or with their spouse only, therefore only one room was used among the three or four available rooms. Most of the rural elderly were living either in a traditional Korean house built with differing floor levels or in a modified Korean style house. Minimal modernization had been made for kitchen facilities such as sink and gas range or for heating facilities with the briquette boiler. However, sanitary space such as lavatory and bathroom had not been remodeled. A housing welfare program for rural communities should be implemented at the national level. The comparison of psychological characteristics of the rural elderly with their city counterparts revealed that the rural elderly have a more stable psychological status and optimistic attitude than those living in a city. However, it was found that most of the elderly did not have any future plan. Community programs for the elderly including hobbies or leisure activities or education programs to generate close interpersonal relationships with their children should be developed and provided.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제27권11호
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• pp.173-179
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• 2022

본 연구는 중국인 국내 유학생의 구강보건지식과 구강보건행태에 대해 알아보고, 구강보건지식과 스켈링 경험에 영향을 미치는 요인을 파악하여 중국인 국내 유학생들을 대상으로 시행할 수 있는 구강보건교육 프로그램 개발에 기초자료를 제공하고자 시행되었다. 2022년 3월부터 5월까지 G지역에 위치한 대학교에 재학 중인 194명을 대상으로 자기기입식 설문조사를 실시하였다. 구강보건지식의 전체 평균은 24점 만점 중 13.83점이었으며, 치주질환과 스켈링 관련 지식 3.75점, 구강위생용품 사용 지식 1.38점으로 나타났다. 구강보건행태에 따른 구강보건지식을 분석한 결과, 최근 1년간 스켈링 경험이 있는 경우, 일회 칫솔질 시간이 3분 이상인 경우, 구강위생용품을 사용한 경우, 구강보건교육 경험이 있는 경우 구강보건지식이 유의하게 높게 나타났다. 구강보건지식에 가장 영향을 미치는 요인은 구강보건교육 경험(β=0.183)이었으며, 스켈링 경험에 가장 영향력을 미치는 요인은 구강보건지식(OR=1.132, p=0.028)으로 나타났다. 따라서 중국인 국내 유학생의 구강보건지식과 행태를 변화시키기 위해서는 유학생들이 이해하기 쉽게 제작된 중국어 구강교육자료 제작과 구강건강관리의 중요성에 대한 교육 확대가 요구되었고, 외국인 유학생을 위한 구강건강증진 프로그램 운영의 적극적인 도입이 필요할 것으로 사료된다.

• 치위생과학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.107-119
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• 2011

본 연구는 구강보건 업무를 담당하는 치위생과 학생을 대상으로 구강건강신념이 구강보건행태에 미치는 영향을 파악함으로써 올바른 구강건강 관리를 유도하고 바람직한 구강건강신념을 갖도록 하며 구강보건 분야로 활용하고, 기초자료를 마련할 목적으로 연구를 하였으며 서울에 위치한 1개 대학의 치위생과 1학년과 2학년 재학생을 대상으로 총 163명을 조사연구를 시행하였다. 조사방법은 구조화된 자기기입식 설문조사를 실시하였으며, 연구모형은 독립변수인 구강건강신념과 종속변수인 구강보건행태로 구성하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 연구의 조사대상자들의 일반적 특성을 살펴보면 성별로는 남성 1.2%, 여성 98.8%로 대다수가 여성으로 구성되었으며, 연령별로는 19세 이하가 31.9%, 학년은 1학년이 47.9%, 2학년이 52.1%, 종교는 기독교 26.4%, 기타 없음이 52.1%, 가정에서 의사소통이 원할하다가 87.7%, 경제수준은 하 13.5%, 세대주 학력은 대졸 이상50.3%, 세대주 직업은 자영업이 28.2%로 파악되었다. 2. 구강건강신념수준 및 구강보건행태수준을 파악하기 위한 연구결과, 감수성 2.18, 심각성 2.10, 유익성 .22, 중요성 3.93, 장애도 3.06으로 나타났다. 3. 구강건강신념이 구강보건행태 유무에 미치는 로지스틱 회귀분석결과, 구강건강신념이 치과의료이용 유무에 미치는 영향에서는 연령, 경제수준, 감수성, 중요성 등 4개 변인(P<0.05), 검진목적 치과의료이용 경험유무에 미치는 영향에서는 종교유무, 심각성 등 2개 변인(P<0.05), 예방목적으로 치과의료이용 유무에 영향을 미치는 변인으로는 연령, 경제수준, 직업, 심각성 등 4개변인(P<0.05), 구강병예방 행위로서 치과의료이용 유무에 영향을 미치는 변수로는 연령, 경제수준, 심각성등 3개 변인(P<0.05), 구강병예방 목적으로 치과의료이용 유무에 영향을 미치는 변수로는 연령, 직업, 심각성 등 3개변인(P<0.05), 치석제거 유무에 미치는 영향 변수로는 연령, 경제수준 등 2개 변인(P<0.05), 잇솔질 횟수 정도에 영향을 미치는 변수로는 학력, 종교, 직업 등 3개 변인으로 나타났다 (P<0.05). 4. 구강건강신념이 구강보건행태에 미치는 다중회귀분석결과, 구강건강신념 중 치과의료 이용 횟수의 설명력은 17.0%, 중요성, 감수성, 경제수준이 유의한 정의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으며, 검진목적 치과의료 이용 횟수의 설명력은 13.3%, 종교, 경제수준, 가정소통이 유의한 정의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으며, 예방목적 치과 의료 이용횟수의 설명력은 16.9%, 종교, 심각성, 경제수준이 유의한 정의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 구강병예방행위로서 치과의료 이용횟수의 설명력은 17.8%, 심각성, 종교, 경제수준, 가정소통이 유의한 정의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으며, 구강병예방 진료횟수의 설명력은 17.2%, 감수성, 종교, 경제수준, 직업이 유의한 영향이 나타났으며, 치석제거 횟수의 설명력은 6.1%, 종교, 경제수준이 유의한 영향을 나타냈다. 잇솔질 횟수의 설명력은 19.5%, 심각성, 학년, 직업이 유의한정의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 이상과 같은 결과를 기초로 보다나은 구강보건증진을 위한 구강건강신념을 변화 시킬 수 있는 방안이 우선적으로 검토되어야 할 것이다.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.396-417
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• 1991

In order that nursing care an essential quality of nursing practice be acceptable and satisfying, it is necessary that client's culture be respected and that nursing practice be appropriate to that culture. Since cultural elements are an important influence on health practices and life patterns related to medical treatment, recovery from and prevention of disease, nurses need to have an understanding and knowledge of social and cultural phenomena to aid in the planning of nursing interventions. To understand the health practices surrounding health and illness, the health beliefs and practices of both folk and professional healing systems should be ascertained. Cultural data are required to provide care of high quality to clients and to reduce possible conflict between the client and the nurse. It is nursing's goal to provide clients from various cultures with quality nursing care which is satisfying and valuable. The problem addressed by this study was to identify Korean health practices which would contribute to the planning of professional caring practice with the culture : ultimately this study was intended to make a contribution to the development of the science of nursing. The concrete objectives of this study were ; 1) to identify Korean health practices, 2) to interpret the identitial health practices through traditional cultural thought, and 3) to compare the Korean health practices with those of other cultures. The investigator used the ethnosceintific approach outlined by spradly in a qualitative study. To discover ancestral wisdom and knowledge related to traditional health practeces, the subjects of this study were selected from residents of a small rural mountain village in south west Korea, a place considered to be maintaining and transmitting the traditional culture in a relatively well -preserved state because of being isolated from the modern world. The number of subjects was 18, aged 71 to 89. Research data were collected from January 8 to March 31, 1990. Five categories of health practices were identified : “Manage one's own mind”, “Moderation in all thing”, “Live in accord with nature”, “Live in mutuality with others”, and “Live to the best of one's ability”. Values derived from these ways of thinking from Confucianism, Taoism and Buddhism help fashion a traditional way of life, examplified by the saying “Benifience to all”. Korean thought and philosophy is influenced primerily by Confucianism, Confucian principles of ethics, embedded deeply in the peoples' minds, form the idea that “heaven and human being are intimately united” based on concept that “heaven is, so to speak, reason”. Twoe Gae's theory of existential subjectivity develops the concept of self which is the basis of the spirit of reverence in modern Confucian philosophy. The human md is granted from heaven out of the idea of matter, and what control the mind is the spirit of reverence. Hence the idea of “The primacy of the mind" and provided that one should control one's own mind. The precepts of duty to parents, respect for elders and worship of ancestors, and moderation in all behavior put a restraint on life which directed that one live earnestly according to Nature's laws with their neighbors. Not only Confucianism, but also Buddism and Taoism have had an important effect upon these patterns of ideas. When compared with western culture, Korean health practices tend to be more inclusive, abstract and intuitive while westerner health practices found to be mere concrete, practical and personal. Values and beliefs based and pragmatism and existentialism infuence western civilization, Ethical values may be founded on utilitarianism, which considers what is good for the persons in their circumstances as the basis of conduct and takes a serious view of their practical lives including human aspirations rather than an absolute truth. These philosophical and ethical ideas are foundations for health practices related to active, practical and progressive attitudes. This study should be enable nursing not only to understand clients as reflections of the traditional culture when planning nursing practice, but to dovelop health education corresponding to cultural requiments for the purpose of protection against disease and improvement of health, and thus promote sound health practice. Eventually it is hoped that through these processes quality nursing care as the central idea of the science of nursing will be achieved.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.207-226
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• 1992

This study was designed to develop a conceptual framework for the curriculum and develop the details of the learning content for the education of Community Health Practitioners (CHPs). Since education programs for CHPs started 10 years ago, concepts related to CHP services have changed because of changes in society. The objectives of the study were as follows : 1) to analyse the usefulness of the present education program for CHPs, 2) to analyse the Job performance and self -confidence of the CHPs, 3) to identify the health needs of the clients served by the CHPs and the community problems related to health. 4) to develop a conceptual framework for the curriculum, for the education of CHPs, 5) to develops details for the learning content of the education program for CHPs. Phase I of the study was conducted by questionnaires to 150 CHPs who have worked in remote rural areas for more than 2 years. Among them, 147 responded. Data was collected from August 16, to August 25, 1990. In order to identify the health needs of the community people, research within the last five years was reviewed and analyzed. The data on 1, 842 communities gathered by the WHO Nursing Collaborations Center of the College of Nursing, Yonsei University was utilized to identify community problems related to health and the self - confidence in job performance of the CHPs. Psase II of the study consisted of a workshop with 13 professionals including Community Health Practitioners to evaluate the existing education program and a conceptual framework of the curriculum for the job education of CHPs. The results of the study are Summariged below : 1. The only 26 among 45 content items of the education program related to job skills was used by 80% of the responding CHPs. The knowledge of $\ulcorner$Networking community organization$\lrcorner$ was used by only 53.7% of the respondents. Educational content about $\ulcorner$Mental disease$\lrcorner$ was used by less than 50% of CHPs because of a knowledge deficit. 2. The CHPs reported that their activities concentrated on clinical services during the last six months. The survey showed that they seemed to neglect the activities for health promotion and disease prevention. Thus, $\ulcorner$Education for community loaders$\lrcorner$(15.9%), $\ulcorner$Activity for eavironmental health$\lrcorner$(16.3%) and $\ulcorner$Social work for needey people$\lrcorner$(23.3%) were done by less than 30% of CHPs. 3. More than 90% of CHPs reported being self - confident for the activities of $\ulcorner$Health education and counselling$\lrcorner$, $\ulcorner$Medicine prescription$\lrcorner$ and $\ulcorner$Immunization$\lrcorner$. But 50% of CHPs reported that they were not have self - confident in $\ulcorner$Management of water and environmental health$\lrcorner$ and only 25.6% of CHPs could insert an IUD independently. 4. It was identified that respiratory diseases and the gastrointestinal diseases were most common problems for the community people, followed by musculoskeletal and skin problems. 5. The community problems were classified into eight categories : physical environmental problems, environmental hygiene, health problems, health behavior, social problem, lack of resources, financial problem and the problems of the cultural and value system. 6. The conceptual framework consisted of the target population and their health status, nursing process working site and primary health care services such as health promotion, disease prevention, treatment and rehabilitation. 7. The contents of curriculum of education program for CHPs were formulated from the results of this study.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.255-267
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• 2012

국내에 정착된 높은 수준의 인터넷 문화는 건강에 대한 대중적 관심과 맞물려 건강정보와 의료상담이라는 새로운 형태로 보건의료체계를 변화시켰으며, 건강정보와 의료상담 시장이 지난 잠재적 가치는 매우 크다고 할 수 있다. 본 연구는 2011년 건강정보의 검색 실태와 온라인 의료상담에 대한 인식도를 알아보기 위해 서울시에 거주하는 20대를 대상으로 임의 추출방법을 통하여 sampling된 499명을 대상으로 설문 조사하였다. 응답자 중 75.2%가 건강정보검색 경험이 있다고 응답했으나, 온라인 의료상담 서비스 이용경험은 7.2%에 불과했다. 의료상담 서비스의 이용목적은 증상치료법(36.9%), 자기관리법(21.4%), 병명 검색(18.8%), 예방법(6%), 병원비(5.4%)순이었다. 건강정보 검색시 이용한 사이트는 포털사이트 지식검색(46.5%), 블로그(26.0%), 인터넷커뮤니티(14.6%), 병원홈페이지(9.9%), 국가운영홈페이지(2.9%) 순으로 집계되었으나, 향후 이용하고 싶은 사이트는 국가운영 홈페이지 (53.0%)와 병원홈페이지(32.8%)로 현재 이용하고 있는 검색 사이트와는 차이점을 보였다. 또한, 사이트 선택기준은 상담자의 신뢰성 (24.1%), 홈페이지 운영기관의 신뢰성(23.7%), 신속한 답변(21.2%), 상담의 비공개 여부(11.2%), 가입시 기재해야할 개인정보의 정도(8.3%), 회원가입절차 없이도 상담 가능 여부(6.8%), 홈페이지 상담란의 접근성(2.7%)등의 순으로 나타났다. 결론적으로, 20대들에게 건강정보 검색 및 의료상담의 이용이 아직은 미흡한 상태이므로, 인식도를 높이고 사이트의 선택기준, 개인정보공개 정도 및 선호도 등에 맞는 사이트 구축 및 활성에 대한 노력이 필요하다.

• 치위생과학회지
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.77-82
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• 2005

본 연구는 전라북도에 소재하고 있는 구강진료기관에 내원한 18세 이상의 성인환자 350명을 대상으로 구강보건교육에 대한 태도 및 행동실태를 파악하여 진료실에서의 구강보건교육의 중요성을 재인식 시키고자 시행하였으며, 2004년 3월 22일부터 4일 10일까지 자기기입식에 의한 설문조사를 한 결과 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. 일반적 특성에 따른 구강보건교육의 경험에서는 여자가 남자보다, 학력에서는 대학교 졸업 이상이, 직업별로는 주부에서 구강보건교육 경험율이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 2. 일반적 특성에 따른 구강보건교육 후 실천에서는 여자가 남자보다 실천도가 높았으며, 연령에서는 30대가 가장 높았고, 학력에서는 학력이 높을수록, 직업에서는 공무원이 실천도가 가장 높은 것으로 나타났다. 또한 구강보건교육을 받은 후 실천할 수 없었던 이유로는 62.9%가 관심이 없어서라고 응답하였다. 3. 구강보건교육 내용으로 가장 많은 응답자 35.2%가 치석 제거를 받아 보았다고 응답하였으며, 잇솔질 외 보조구강 위생용품에서는 치실이 42.2%로 가장 높게 나타났다. 4. 구강보건교육을 받은 후 행동의 변화에 대해 46.9%가 잇솔질 횟수가 증가 했다고 가장 많은 응답을 하였으며, 식이조절이 10.4%로 사용이 가장 저조한 것으로 나타났다. 5. 구강보건교육 유무에 따른 구강위생 관리 실태는 잇솔질 방법에는 유의한 차이가 없었으며 치석제거 주기는 1년 이상~2년이 25.7%로 가장 높게 나타났고, 치실 및 치간 칫솔의 사용여부는 구강보건교육 경험이 있는 환자에서는 30.6%가 사용을 하고 있었으며, 경험이 없는 환자에서는 5.9%가 사용하고 있는 것으로 나타났다.

• 대한예방한의학회지
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.129-150
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• 1999

This study was carried out to analyse a perception on acne for the Junior college students to provide basic data for the suitable treatment of acne to the students and the specialists. For this study, self-administering questionnaires were distributed to 480 students from 13 departments at a suburban women's junior college from May 1 to May 3, 1996. Of the students, 399 were responded and included in the analysis. The questionnaire includes the general question of objects, the question of knowledge and attitude of acne, and its treatment. The results were as follows: 1. Age distribution for the group less than 20 years was 63.7% and over 20 years was 36.3%, the group with acne was 66.2% and the group without acne was 33.8%. Proportions of acquiring the knowledge on acne was 49.6% from newspaper or magazine, 47.15 from friends, and 26.85 from TV or radio. 2. With regard to the knowledge on the presence of acne, a proportion of correctly answered for the question on the cause of acne was $3.41{\pm}1.02$ for the group with acne compared with $3.16{\pm}0.89$ for those without acne. This difference was statistically significant (p<0.05). 3. With regard to the knowledge levels on the treatment of acne, a proportion answered' skin-care center' for the question on where to select for the profer treatment was $13.21{\pm}1.88$ compared with $12.09{\pm}1.88$ for the other group. This difference was statistically significant (p〈0.05). A proportion of answered 'squeezing out acne by themselves' for the question of how to treat was $12.26{\pm}1.91$ compared with $10.83{\pm}1.25$ for the other group. 4. In the treatment according to the attitude of the group with acne, the positive group replied 'YES' in the intention of treatment by themselves was 55.9%. In conclusion, the differences in the knowledge and attitude on the presence of acne are not significant and it was found that the knowledge and attitude for the group with acne did not significantly influenced the treatment behavior. Accordingly, it is important to understand the cause of acne, provoking factors, remedy etc. For this, it is necessary to a provide an accurate information to professionals to enhance the knowledge of acne and to treat it properly.