• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.1-11
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• 2019

Purpose: The purpose of this review was to evaluate the effects of emergency nursing simulation program on nursing students and nurses. Methods: This systematic review was performed as per the guidelines of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses and using the R program meta package (version 4.9-2). RISS, KISS, and DBpia Library databases were searched for studies published between June 2000 and August 2018 using the following key words: ($Emerge^*$ OR nursing) AND ($nurs^*$ OR simulation). Selected studies were assessed for methodological quality using Risk of Bias for Non randomized Studies. Results: 7 studies were identified and all of them met the inclusion criteria. The outcome variables were significant clinical performance, self-efficacy except knowledge, and problem-solving ability. Conclusion: This review provides updated evidence of the simulation-based education program in emergency nursing. Further studies are required to increase generalizability using randomized population, research design and controlled trials with sufficient sample size. Moreover, valid measurements are needed to assess the main outcomes.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.53-59
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• 2021

This research aims to examine the model of investor herding behavior in making investment decisions in the Indonesian capital market, which is influenced by social and information impacting on the value of the Book Value Per Share (BVPS). The latest stock market conditions show that most investors make the same error pattern in making investment decisions that result in losses. The experiment involves two independent variables, namely, information about BVPS and social influence. This study used a 2×2 factorial design laboratory experimental method. Data collection was carried out through treatment of a sample of 100 individual investors listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. Univariate Two-Way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) statistical tool was used to test the independent variable on the dependent variable. Research results showed that the social influence originating from expert investors is more influential than the Book Value Per Share (BVPS) information on the behavior of herding investors in making investment decisions. These findings suggest that investors know their psychological factors, thereby increasing self-control and investment analysis skills. Further research can use psychological bias and other indicators of accounting relevant information such as Earning Per Share (EPS) to test herding behavior in investment decision making in the capital market.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.116-129
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• 2021

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the maternal health effects of internet-based education interventions on parturients during the postpartum period through a systematic review of randomized controlled trials. Methods: An electronic literature search of the Cochrane Library, CINAHL, EMBASE, Eric, PsycINFO, PubMed, RISS, and KISS databases was performed, using the combination of keywords such as 'parenthood education', '*natal education', '*birth intervention', 'internet-based intervention', 'randomized controlled trial'. The inclusion criteria were peer-reviewed papers in English regarding randomized controlled trials of internet-based postnatal education interventions. Educational interventions were delivered through any web, mobile, eHealth, mHealth, virtual reality, short message service, or social networking service platform. Quality appraisal was performed using the Risk of Bias 2 (RoB 2) for randomized controlled trials. Nine articles were yielded, and the intervention effects were analyzed. Results: Internet-based education interventions during the postpartum period affect maternal self-efficacy, postpartum depression, and successive breastfeeding; however, they do not affect maternal satisfaction and parenting confidence. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that internet-based education interventions affect maternal health status in terms of psychological, emotional, and physical wellness. Therefore, maternal health care professionals can utilize remote education using the internet or mobile-based interventions during the postpartum period.

• Journal of Information Technology Services
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.53-80
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• 2023

Expectations for artificial intelligence technology are increasing, and its utility value is growing, leading to active use in the public sector. The use of artificial intelligence technology in the public sector has a positive impact on aspects such as improving public work efficiency and service quality, enhancing transparency and reliability, and contributing to the development of technology and industries. For these reasons, major countries including Korea are actively developing and using artificial intelligence in the public sector. However, artificial intelligence also presents issues such as bias, inequality, and infringement of individuals' right to self-determination, which are evident even in its utilization in the public sector. Especially the use of artificial intelligence technology in the public sector has significant societal implications, as well as direct implications on limiting and infringing upon the rights of citizens. Therefore, careful consideration is necessary in the introduction and utilization of such technology. This paper comprehensively examines the legal issues that require consideration regarding the introduction of artificial intelligence in the public sector. Methodological discussions that can minimize the risks that may arise from artificial intelligence and maximize the utility of technology were proposed in each process and step of introduction.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Industry Convergence
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.645-653
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• 2024

This study is a comparative study on the tendency of power distance between administrative and field personnel in fire departments. For this study, 355 firefighters nationwide were surveyed from August 22 to December 31, 2023, and the collected data was analyzed using the SPSS 24.0 statistical program. As a result of the reliability analysis, Cronbach's =.803 was found to be higher than the standard value of 0.6. irefighting agencies are firefighting organizations that work to resolve incidents quickly and efficiently at disaster sites, and an appropriate level of power distance is essential. However, excessive power distance between superiors and subordinates leads to self-righteousness in administration and incompetence in field activities through one-sided instructions and compliance. As a result of analyzing the power distance tendencies of administrative and field workers in fire departments in this study, it was confirmed that there was no bias in either direction with an average score of 2.55. And the level of power distance tendency between administrative and field firefighters was 2.56 points, showing no significant difference.

• Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.145-159
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• 2024

Dental injections are routinely performed and can result in pain and anxiety in patients. This systematic review aimed to evaluate the efficacy of photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) in dental injections for pain management in patients undergoing dental treatment. Indexed databases, including PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, ISI Web of Knowledge, and Cochrane Library, were electronically searched without a time limit up to February 2024. A risk of bias evaluation was performed using the Cochrane tool. A preliminary investigation using electronic and manual methods yielded 4,920,881 manuscripts. Based on the eligibility requirements, 13 randomized control trials (RCTs) were included. Self-assessed pain was determined using the visual analog scale, Face, Legs, Activity, Cry, Controllability scale, or Wong-Baker face pain scale. Eight RCTs demonstrated a notable decrease in needle pain in patients undergoing dental needle injections using PBMT. Based on current evidence, PBMT may help reduce needle pain related to dental anesthesia. Further standardized studies are needed to assess the significance of PBMT for postoperative pain in patients undergoing dental injections.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.66 no.1
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• pp.333-361
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• 2014

By viewing donors for social welfare organization as both givers and beneficiaries, this study aims to address the correlations between the continuity of donors' contributions and enhanced sense of satisfaction as a consequence of participating in donation activities. The predominant concern of this study centers on: (1) the direct effects of individuals' emotional utility, demonstrable utility, trust toward donee organization, self acceptance on the continuation of their donation; (2) the direct effects of individuals' emotional utility, demonstrable utility, trust toward donee organizations on individuals' self-acceptance; (3) the direct effects of individuals' emotional utility, demonstrable utility on their trust toward a donee organization; (4) the indirect effects of individuals' self acceptance on two paths i.e. emotional utility${\rightarrow}$trust${\rightarrow}$self acceptance, and demonstrable utility${\rightarrow}$trust${\rightarrow}$self acceptance; (5) the indirect effects of individuals' individuals' trust toward donee organization on self acceptance on four paths i.e. emotional utility${\rightarrow}$trust${\rightarrow}$continuity of donation; demonstrable utility${\rightarrow}$trust${\rightarrow}$continuity of donation; emotional utility${\rightarrow}$trust${\rightarrow}$self-acceptance, and demonstrable utility${\rightarrow}$trust${\rightarrow}$self-acceptance; (6) the moderating effects of 'financial status' on the causal relationships in the prescribed structural equation model(SEM). In order to verify the moderating effect of 'financial status', multi-group analysis between each of the two groups were conducted. Research is based on a survey among 1116 donors who had made charitable, monetary contributions to social welfare organizations in Daegu and Kyungpook province. Data was collected from 29 organizations. In order to address the research questions, structural equation were employed. A variety of tests are conducted(metric invariance, critical ratio for difference, structural invariance, multi-group analysis, bias-corrected boot-strapping, latent mean analysis including Cohen's effect test).

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.24 no.12
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• pp.1167-1172
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• 2013

This paper presents a X-band doppler radar with high conversion gain using a self-oscillating-mixer(SOM) that oscillation and frequency mixing is realized at the same time. To improve phase noise of the SOM oscillator, a ${\lambda}/2$ slotted square patch resonator(SSPR) was proposed, which shows high Q-factor of 175.4 and the 50 % reduced circuit area compared to the conventional resonator. To implement the low power system, low biasing voltage of 1.7 V was supplied. To enhance the conversion gain of the SOM, bias circuit is configured near the pinch-off region of transistor, and the conversion gain was optimized. The output power of the proposed SOM was -3.16 dBm at 10.65 GHz. A high conversion gain of 9.48 dB was obtained whereas DC Power consumption is relatively low about 7.65 mW. The phase noise is -90.91 dBc/Hz at 100 kHz offset. The figure-of-merit(FOM) of the proposed SOM was measured as -181.8 dBc/Hz, which is supplier to other SOMs by more than about 7 dB.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SC
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.19-29
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• 2003

This paper proposes a CMOS readout circuit for uncooled micro-bolometer arrays adopting a four-point step calibration technique. The proposed readout circuit employing an 11b analog-to-digital converter (ADC), a 7b digital-to-analog converter (DAC), and an automatic gain control circuit (AGC) extracts minute infrared (IR) signals from the large output signals of uncooled micro-bolometer arrays including DC bias currents, inter-pixel process variations, and self-heating effects. Die area and Power consumption of the ADC are minimized with merged-capacitor switching (MCS) technique adopted. The current mirror with high linearity is proposed at the output stage of the DAC to calibrate inter-pixel process variations and self-heating effects. The prototype is fabricated on a double-poly double-metal 1.2 um CMOS process and the measured power consumption is 110 ㎽ from a 4.5 V supply. The measured differential nonlinearity (DNL) and integrat nonlinearity (INL) of the 11b ADC show $\pm$0.9 LSB and $\pm$1.8 LSB, while the DNL and INL of the 7b DAC show $\pm$0.1 LSB and $\pm$0.1 LSB.

• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.5-20
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• 2006

Purpose: This study examines the degree of empowerment recognized by the 1st paramedics and the trend of their critical thinking, analyzes correlations between empowerment and critical thinking to reveal whether there is statistically significant difference between them and then is to provide basic materials necessary for research on empowerment and critical thinking. Method: This study distributes 105 structured self-report questionnaires to the 1st emergency medical technicians working at fire fighting police boxes, general hospitals, clinics and emergency medical information centers in G Metropolitan City and J province from April 29 to May 28, 2006, collects their responses directly and analyzes results with t-test, F-test(ANOVA) and Pearson's Correlation Coefficient. Result: 1. First, average score of empowerment of subjects was 4.68 out of 6 and according to scores by area, capacity 5.98 was highest, followed by significance 5.41, self- determination 4.44 and effectiveness 3.79. 2. degree of empowerment according to general characteristics of subjects showed statistically significant differences in final education(F=2.714, p= .049), level of salary (F=3.298, p= .014) and satisfaction of current job (F=5.399, p= .001). 3. average score of critical thinking of subjects was 3.28 out of 7 and according to areas, no bias 3.95 was highest, followed by maturity 3.68, structure 3.35, inquisitiveness 3.11, pursuit of truth 3.07, critical thinking and self-confidence 3.00, analyticity 2.98. 4. degree of critical thinking by general characteristics of subjects showed statistically significant differences in age(F=2.577, p= .041), final education (F=7.877, p= .000), current workplace (F=3.513, p= .018), level of salary(F=4.628, p= .002), satisfaction with current job(F=6.879, p= .000) and intention to transfer current job(t=15.21, p=.000). 5. as a result of correlations between empowerment and critical thinking of subjects, Pearson correlation coefficients between whole empowerment and critical thinking were r= .21, p=.013. Conclusion: It is considered that the 1st paramedic managers must seek how to keep and manage empowerment and development of education and training program which can enhance critical thinking is needed. Further, emergency educators must develop educational program based on the concept of empowerment to establish early awareness of a desirable organization culture and increase understanding of empowerment in the process of education.