• 한국유기농업학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.373-390
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• 2015

This study investigated the effect of coated feed using mixed oil on rumen fermentation characteristics. Two experiments were conducted based on materials that were mixed. First, cashew nut and soybean oils were mixed with white mineral oil. And second, different plant extracts were mixed with white mineral oil. At first experiment, inclusion levels of mixed oil on diet (0.03%, 0.1%, 0.5%) were applied as variables. A coated diet was fermented with rumen inoculum according to in vitro rumen fermentation and its parameters were investigated. In the result of first experiment, no negative effects on rumen pH were found. Significantly decreased dry matter digestibility was detected at 0.5% treatment (P<0.05). Total gas productions in control and 0.03% were significantly greater than those of others (P<0.05). Significantly reduced methane productions were found in all treatments compared to the control (P<0.05). Inclusion of mixed oil did not affect on ammonia production. Total volatile fatty acid production was also not influenced by coating with mixed oils. Rumen fermentation parameters were greatly changed according to introduced plant extracts at second experiment. The significantly lowest and greatest ammonia productions were found at treatments with Ixeris dentata and Plantago asiatica, respectively (P<0.05). The significantly greatest acetate and propionate productions were detected at treatments with Crucuma longa and Zizyphus vulgaris 1, respectively (P<0.05). All treatments, except Chrysanthemum idicum, Euyale ferox seed, Moringa leaf and fruit and Zizyphus vulgaris 1, showed significantly increased total volatile fatty acid production compared to the control (P<0.05). Only Paeonia lactiflora showed significantly lesser gas production than the control (P<0.05). In methane production, Ceramium, Zizyphus, Paeonia, Agrimonia, Torilis, Mugwort, Foeniculum, Euphorbia, Taraxacum, Artemisia, Momordica, Curcuma and Moringa reduced methane significantly compared to the control (P<0.05).

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.120-124
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• 1993

맥문동(麥門冬)의 발아촉진방법(發芽促進方法)과 실생묘(實生苗)와 분주묘(分株苗)의 생육(生育) 및 수량성(收量性)에 미치는 영향(影響)을 구명(究明)코자 시험(試驗)을 실시(實施)하였던바 다음과 같은 결과(結果)를 얻었다. 1. 맥문동(麥門冬)은 실내(室內)$(25^{\circ}C)$에서 발아율(發芽率)이 濃黃酸(농황산)과 $GA_3$ 처리(處理)가 각각(各各) 100%, 층적저장(層積貯藏)이 98%로 가장 높았고, 발아기간(發芽期間)은 층적저장(層積貯藏)이 11일(日)로서 가장 빨랐으며, 포장(圃場)에서는 층적저장(層積貯藏)이 발아율(發芽率)은 93%, 출아기간(出芽期間)이 76일(日) 로서 가장 빨랐다. 2. 신초출현기(新梢出現基)는 실생묘(實生苗) 1년차(年次), 2년차(年次), 3년차(年次), 분주묘(分株苗), 4년차(年次) 처리(處理) 순(順)으로 빨랐고 개화기(開花期)는 반대(反對)로 실생묘(實生苗) 4년차(年次), 3년차(年次), 분주묘(分株苗), 2년차(年次) 순(順)으로 빨랐으나 1년차(年次)는 개화(開花)되지 않았다. 3. 지상부(地上部) 생육상황(生育狀況)은 생육최성기(生育最盛期)(11. 20)와 수확기(收穫期)(4. 10)가 비슷하였으나, 괴근수(塊根數)는 수확기(收穫期)가 2배정도(培程度) 많았고, 처리별(處理別) 생육상황(生育狀況)은 실생묘(實生苗) 3년차(年次), 4년차(年次), 분주묘(分株苗), 2년차(年次) 순(順)으로 좋았다. 4. 건괴근수량(乾塊根收量)은 분주묘(分株苗)에 비(比)해 실생묘(實生苗) 3년차(年次)가 25%, 실생묘(實生苗) 4년차(年次)가 10%, 실생묘(實生苗) 2년차(年次)에서도 5% 증수(增收)되었다. 이상(以上)의 결과(結果)로 맥문동(麥門冬) 재배시(裁培時) 분주묘(分株苗)를 계속사용(繼續使用)하는것 보다는 실생묘(實生苗)를 이용(利用)하므로서 4년차(年次)까지는 증수효과(增收效果)가 있을 것으로 사료(思料)된다.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제46권6호
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• pp.478-482
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• 2001

콩의 생육단계별 야간조명 처리가 생리적 특성에 미치는 영을 분석하여 생육단계별 피해정도를 알아보고자 유한신육형인 신팔달콩 2호와 검정콩 1호, 무한신육형인 무한콩을 공시하여 유묘기, 화아분화 전기, 화아분화 후기, 개화기, 협 신장기 및 종실비대기의 6 시기의 야간에 각각 15일간씩 20~30 Lux(0.05~0.08W m$^{-2}$ , 0.24~0.36 $\mu$㏖ S$^{-1}$ m$^{-2}$ )의 조도에서 시험을 수행한 결과 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 개화기는 야간조명처리시 대조구에 비하여 2~8일 지연되었으며, 생육단계별로는 화아분화 전기에 야간조명시 7~9일이 지연되어 개화지연정도가 가장 컸다. 2. 경장은 대조구에 비하여 협신장기 이후 처리를 제외한 모든 처리에서 증가되었으며, 절수는 신팔달콩 2호 및 검정콩 1는 화아분화 추기 이전에 야간조명 처리시 증가되었으나, 무한콩은 화아분화 후기 이후 처리시 증가되었다. 3. 유한형 품종의 협수는 유묘기의 처리를 제외한 모든 처리에서 대조구에 비하여 감소되는 경향이었다. 4. 수량은 모든 생육단계의 야간조명 처리에서 감소되었으며, 감소 정도는 대조구에 비하여 화아분화 전기는 7~11%, 화아분화 후기에는 6~8%, 유묘기에는 5~8%, 개화기에는 3~8%이었다.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제25권6호
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• pp.731-738
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• 2012

Dandelion has been widely utilized for medicinal and edible purposes. This research was conducted to evaluate the effect of supplemental LED (light-emitting diode) light on germination, growth characteristics and anthocyanin content of dandelion (Taraxacum officinale) seedling using LED blue (460 nm), red (660 nm, R), blue + red (B:R=6:4) and fluorescent lamp light treatment. By LED illumination to T. officinale seed germination speed was delayed, and germination rate was the highest in the fluorescent light. The growth characteristics (plant height, number of leaves, root length and fresh weight) were greatly influenced by supplemental LED light compared with control treatment, and the growth promotion was the most effective in the red LED illumination. After 60 days of red and mixed LED light treatments, anthocyanin content of dandelion plants was significantly changed. The anthocyanin content was increased by 12~19 mg/100 g under the red LED and the mixed light conditions compared with the control and the blue LED. Results indicate that illumination with red and mix LEDs, compared with other light treatments, is beneficial for promotion of growth and anthocyanin content in dandelion.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.326-332
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• 2001

On a urea-molasses-straw (3:15:82; UMS) based diet effect of graded levels of cottonseed cake (CSC) supplementation on the performance of native (Bos indicus) bulls has been studied for 167 days. Eighteen growing bulls of $129{\pm}13.4kg$ weight and about 14 months old were randomly allocated to three dietary treatments designed in a completely randomized design, having six animals in each treatment. Three dietary treatments were 0, 0.5 and 1.0 kg CSC per head/d. In addition, each animal also received ad lib. UMS, 4 kg Napier (Pennisetum purpureum) grass, 500 g of each of rice and wheat bran and 60 g mineral mix daily. For unit increase in CSC, total DM intake was increased by $1g/kg\;W^{0.75}/d$ but the straw DM intake decreased by $0.54g/kg\;W^{0.75}/d$. Whole gut digestibility of DM and OM was not effected but N and ADF digestibility increased with incremental increase in dietary CSC. For unit (1kg) increase in dietary CSC intake N and ADF digestibility increased by 10 (${\pm}1.155$) and 3 (${\pm}1.732$) unit respectively. Microbial N yield for the 0, 0.5 and 1.0 kg CSC were 5.63, 5.28 and 5.16 g/kg OM apparently fermented in the rumen respectively. For each gram increase in CSC, N intake and N balance increased by 0.626 (${\pm}0.015$) and 0.625 (${\pm}0.0814$) mg/kg $W^{0.75}/d$. High apparent N balance was contrasted with low live weight gain, e.g., for 1 kg increase in CSC supplementation, live weight gain increased by only 0.077 (${\pm}0.00288$) kg/d ($r^{2}=0.99$; p<0.01). The conversion efficiency was 12.98 kg CSC per kg of live weight gain. It was concluded that unless the protein is being protected from the rumen degradation, addition of CSC to UMS diet would have little nutritional or economic advantages.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.9-15
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• 1992

벼 담수직파재배법 확립을 위하여 질소시비수준, 생장억제제, 그리고 파종밀도를 달리하여 담수표면직파재배 실험을 실시한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 질소 시비 수준, 파종 밀도에 따른 수량의 변이에는 처리간 아무런 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았는데 그 원인은 심한 도복 발생으로 생각된다. 2. 생장조절제 PP333의 처리에 의한 간장은 3-4Cm 짧아졌으나 이것이 도복억제에는 크게 기여하지 못했다. 3. 담수표면직파의 경우 단위 면적당 영화수를 최대로 하는 적정파종량은 6Kg 종자 / 10a 수분이었다. 4. 담수표면 직파 재배에서 안정된 수량을 얻기 위해서는 도복 억제가 필수적이며 이는 재배법을 통해서 보다는 도복 저항성 품종의 개발을 통해서 가능 할 것으로 생각된다.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.364-368
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• 2006

Survival of biocontrol agents and their effective colonization of rhizhosphere are the essential components for successful disease suppression. The effects of hydrogel supplement on bacterial survival and disease control were evaluated in pot and in the field. Addition of 2% hydrogel material to potting soil resulted in significant enhancement of colonization of biocontrol agent Serratia plymuthica A21-4 both in soil and rhizosphere of pepper plants. Rhizosphere colonization of S. plymuthica A21-4 retrieved from 40 days old pepper seedlings indicated 100 times higher bacterial population in hydrogel treated soil than in ordinary pot soil. The pepper plants sown in hydrogelated potting soil showed higher seed germination rate and the better growth of pepper plant than those in ordinary commercial pot soil. Although the suppression of Phytophthora capsid density in the potting soil by treatment of biocontrol agent A21-4 was not significantly different between in hydrogelated soil and ordinary potting soil, the suppression of Phytophthora blight between two treatments was significantly different. A21-4 treatment in hydrogelated potting soil was completely disease-free while same treatment in ordinary potting soil revealed 36% disease incidence. Our field study under natural disease occurrence also showed significantly less disease incidence(12.3%) in the A21-4 treatment in the hydrogelated soil compared to other treatments. Yield promotion of pepper by the A21-4 treatment in the hydrogelated potting soil was also recognized. Our results indicated that hydrogel amendment with biocontrol agent in pot soil would be a good alternative to protect pepper seedlings and increase plant yield.

• 한국잡초학회지
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.230-239
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• 2012

Coconut (Cocos nucifera L) is one of the predominant plantation crops in Sri Lankan economy which is known to have existed for over thousands of years. During the past decades coconut production had been reduced by a significant quantity. The usage of poor quality planting materials is a major reason for the low coconut production. Thus much attention needs to be paid in coconut nurseries. Weed management is a critical management practice in the nursery. Though glyphosate application is becoming popular in nurseries it can affect weeds as well as coconut seedlings growth. Therefore the effects of glyphosate were evaluated by determining the growth of shoot and root of coconut seedlings. Poly bag nursery was prepared and three treatments were used. Treatments were no glyphosate and manual weeding ($T_1$), application of glyphosate 1.08 ai kg $ha^{-1}$ at 2 monthly interval ($T_2$) and application of glyphosate 1.44 ai kg $ha^{-1}$ at 2 monthly interval ($T_3$). Application of glyphosate at early stage of seedling growth had a no significant effect on growth parameters tested. However, the concentrations of glyphosate negatively affected numbers, volumes and dry weights of secondary, tertiary and quaternary roots at the latter stage of seedling growth. The leaf area and the height of seedling were significantly reduced by the highest concentration of glyphosate. Among the growth parameters tested, seedling girth and shoot dry weight were not affected by the application of glyphosate. These results revealed that the usage of glyphosate at both concentrations negatively affected root growth of coconut seedlings. Based on these results, the both concentration levels of glyphosate should be applied to coconut nurseries before sprouting the seed nuts.

• 생물환경조절학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.188-191
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• 2013

본 연구는 도깨비바늘을 새로운 채소작물로 재배하기 위한 목적으로 종자 발아에 미치는 광, 온도 조건 및 priming 처리가 미치는 영향을 구명하기 위하여 실시하였다. 실험 결과, 발아율의 경우 명조건과 암조건 모두 $25^{\circ}C$에서 발아율이 가장 높았다. 발아세 역시 명조건, 암조건 모두 $25^{\circ}C$에서 가장 높았다. 광조건은 도깨비바늘의 발아에 영향을 미치지 않았다. 종자에 priming 처리 시 $Ca(NO_3)_2$ 0.1M(68.3%) 처리구에서 무처리구에 비해 약 16% 증가하여 가장 높은 발아율을 보였다. 그 다음으로는 $K_3PO_4$ 0.1M(63.3%) 및 $KNO_3$ 0.1M(53.3%) 순으로 나타났다. 따라서, 도깨비바늘의 발아를 위하여 명조건 $25^{\circ}C$의 온도에 $K_3PO_4$ 0.1M 또는 $Ca(NO_3)_2$ 0.1M로 priming 처리를 하는 것이 효과적인 발아조건으로 판단된다.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제10권
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• pp.85-90
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• 1971

야생귀리 Avena sterilis 의 종자휴면을 타파하기 위하여 알콜, 산소, 온수, 저온, thiourea, 제베레린 등을 처리하여 그것들의 효과에 대해서 연구하였다. Thiourea는 약간의 효과만을 보였고 지베레린과 저온처리는 큰 효과를 보였다. 다른 처리들은 아무 효과도 없었다. 1. 지베레린처리 5ppm, 50ppm, 500ppm 중 500ppm은 가장 효과가 컸으며 제1소수에 대해서는 거의 100% 제2소수에 대해서는 66~96%의 효과를 보였다. 지베레린의 효과는 처리농도에 따라 그리고 Avena sterilis 계통간에 차이가 컸으며 그 차이는 통계분석에서도 유의성이 있었다. 2. Thiourea의 처리는 이 실험에서 제1고농도이었던 0.625 x $10^{-2}$ M에서 가장 효과적이었으나 전체적으로 볼 때 thiourea의 효과는 저조하였다. 3. 섭씨 3도를 유지하는 냉장고내에서 1주일간 저온 처리한 제1소수종자들은 90% 제2소수종자들은 10~66%의 발아율을 보이었다. 저온처리에 의한 발아율의 차이는 계통간에도 현저하였다.