• 한국환경생태학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.74-77
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• 1994

원주지방 근처에 자생하는 Viola속 5종에 대한 실생번식법을 밝히고자, 1994년 봄에 종자를 채취하여 Gibberelin(GA$_3$) 5, 25 및 50ppm 수용액에 24시간 침지하였으며, 대조구로는 지하수에 24시간 침지시켰다. 처리된 종자를 1994년 5월 25일에 혼합토양(모래：peat moss ：perlite： vermiculite, 1.1：1：1, v/v)을 채운 Jiffy strips에 10립씩 3반복으로 파종하여 2일에 1회씩 관수하면서 발아된 개체수를 조사한 결과는 다음과 같다. 흰털제비꽃의 종자발아는 처리간 고도의 통계적 유의차가 인정되었으나 다른 종들에서는 처리간 유의차가 인정되지 않았다. 그러나 대조구와 GA$_3$처리구로 나누어 볼 때 Viola속 5종의 종자발아에 대한 GA$_3$처리 효과는 대체로 인정되었으며, 25~50ppm 농도가 효과적이었다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제32권7호
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• pp.966-976
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• 2019

Objective: The methane mitigating potential of various plant-based polyphenol sources is known, but effects of combinations have rarely been tested. The aim of the present study was to determine whether binary and 3-way combinations of such phenol sources affect ruminal fermentation less, similar or more intensively than separate applications. Methods: The extracts used were from Acacia mearnsii bark (acacia), Vitis vinifera (grape) seed, Camellia sinensis leaves (green tea), Uncaria gambir leaves (gambier), Vaccinium macrocarpon berries (cranberry), Fagopyrum esculentum seed (buckwheat), and Ginkgo biloba leaves (ginkgo). All extracts were tested using the Hohenheim gas test. This was done alone at 5% of dry matter (DM). Acacia was also combined with all other single extracts at 5% of DM each, and with two other phenol sources (all possible combinations) at 2.5%+2.5% of DM. Results: Methane formation was reduced by 7% to 9% by acacia, grape seed and green tea and, in addition, by most extract combinations with acacia. Grape seed and green tea alone and in combination with acacia also reduced methane proportion of total gas to the same degree. The extracts of buckwheat and gingko were poor in phenols and promoted ruminal fermentation. All treatments except green tea alone lowered ammonia concentration by up to 23%, and the binary combinations were more effective as acacia alone. With three extracts, linear effects were found with total gas and methane formation, while with ammonia and other traits linear effects were rare. Conclusion: The study identified methane and ammonia mitigating potential of various phenolic plant extracts and showed a number of additive and some non-linear effects of combinations of extracts. Further studies, especially in live animals, should concentrate on combinations of extracts from grape seed, green tea leaves Land acacia bark and determine the ideal dosages of such combinations for the purpose of methane mitigation.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제43권1호
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• pp.56-61
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• 2023

The germination process is critical for plant growth and development and it is largely affected by environmental stress, especially salinity. Recently, hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) is well known to act as a signaling molecule in a defense mechanism against stress conditions but poorly understood regulating seed germination. In this study, the effects of NaHS (the H₂S donor) pretreatment on various biochemical (hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) content and amylase and protease activity) and physiological properties (germination rate) during seed germination of oilseed rape (Brassica napus L. cv. Mosa) were examined under salt stress. The seed germination and seedling growth of oilseed rape were inhibited by NaCl treatment but it was alleviated by NaHS pretreatment. The NaCl treatment increased H₂O₂ content leading to oxidative stress, but NaHS pre-treatments maintained much lower levels of H₂O₂ in germinating seeds under salt stress. Amylase activity, a starch degradation enzyme, significantly increased over 2-fold in control, NaHS pretreatment, and NaHS pretreatment under NaCl during seed germination compared to NaCl treatment. Protease activity was highly induced in NaHS-pretreated seeds compared to NaCl treatment, accompanied by a decrease in protein content. These results indicate that NaHS pretreatment could improve seed germination under salt stress conditions by decreasing H₂O₂ accumulation and activating the degradation of protein and starch to support seedling growth.

• 한국자원식물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국자원식물학회 2018년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.88-88
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• 2018

In order to increase the germination speed and uniformity of tomato seeds, sonication and modified drum priming treatments were investigated to produce high quality seeds for export. Sonication treatment was performed for 5, 10 and 20minutes at an intensity of 5.2, 10.4 and 15.7kHz in water at $15^{\circ}C$. After sonication treatment, seeds were primed with water or 100mM $KNO_3$ for 4days. 40, 50 and 60% seed moisture content (SMC) of hydrated seeds were incubated for 60, 72 and 84h in a container with a relative humidity of 99% at 26rpm for a modified drum priming treatments. Germination speed were highly improved by sonication with osmotic priming. The seed treatment of osmotic priming or hydro priming after sonication or sonication without priming enhanced germination percentage (GP) on the $2^{rd}$day after sowing to 46%, 43% and 28%, respectively, while untreated seeds resulted in only 1% GP. These treatments also highly improved mean germination time (MGT) to 1.4, 1.8 and 2.6days, respectively, when compared to 3.5days MGT of untreated seeds. The modified drum priming treatment (72h incubation after 60% SMC hydration) significantly improved results of 74% GP(on the $3^{rd}$day after sowing), 2.6days MGT and $39%{\cdot}day^{-1}$ germination rate (GR), however, untreated seeds showed 19% GP, 4.1 MGT, and $25%{\cdot}day^{-1}$ GR. Although osmotic priming after sonication, hydro priming showed similar improved germination characteristics, however, modified drum priming is considered as an industrially promising treatment methods considering the shortening of the treatment period and environment-friendly aspects.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.177-182
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• 2016

Background: Many Taraxacum spp. plants are widely used in medicine, but some of them have propagation problems, such as strong dormancy and poor germination rates. This study investigated the effects of temperature, gibberellic acid ($GA_3$), and potassium nitrate ($KNO_3$) on seed germination in Taraxacum ohwianum. Methods and Results: The seeds (NIBRGR0000135524) were exalbuminous, and their length and width were $4.54{\pm}0.032mm$ and $0.97{\pm}0.029mm$, respectively. Various germination temperatures were tested (15, 20, 25, and $30^{\circ}C$), the optimum temperature for germination was found to be $20^{\circ}C$ (31.3%). High temperature ($30^{\circ}C$) resulted in non-typical seedlings (thickened and crumpled cotyledons, with a restricted root system). To increase the germination capacity, $GA_3$ (200, 500, and $1,000mg/{\ell}$) or $KNO_3$ (20, 50, 100, 200, and $500mg/{\ell}$) solutions were used as pre-soaking solutions instead of water. The $GA_3$ treatments increased the germination percentage and rate, but germination percentage was higher with the $KNO_3$ treatments. Under the $50-200mg/{\ell}\;KNO_3$ treatments, the germination percentage exceeded 80% after 12 days, and $50mg/{\ell}\;KNO_3$ was notably effective (91.2% after 15 days). Conclusions: T. ohwianum seeds showed improved germination at low temperatures. The best method for germination was presoaking in $50mg/{\ell}\;KNO_3$ for 24 h, in the dark at $4^{\circ}C$, and then incubating the germinated seed at $20^{\circ}C$ for 15 days.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제39권10호
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• pp.1528-1534
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• 2010

건강웰빙식품의 하나로서 수요가 증가하고 있는 새싹채소는 미생물학적 관점에서 안전성 확보방안이 요구되고 있다. 따라서 새싹채소의 병원성 미생물을 제거하기 위해 적무종자의 발아 전 침지동안 종자 소독처리에 따른 미생물 제어 효과와 발아율을 평가하였다. L. monocytogenes ATCC 19111가 3~4 log CFU/g의 농도로 접종된 적무 종자는 20,000 ppm calcium hypochlorite, 50 ppm과 100 ppm 염소수, 오존수, 전해산화수 및 전해환원수로 처리하였으며, 증류수에 침지시킨 종자를 대조군과 비교하였다. 발아율은 각 처리군에 대해 48시간 동안 조사하였다. 일반세균과 L. monocytogenes 모두 20,000 ppm calcium hypochlorite에 침지 후 3 logs 이상의 가장 큰 감소효과를 보였고, 염소수, 전해산화수와 전해환원수 침지 후 일반세균과 L. monocytogenes 수는 각각 3 logs와 2 logs 감소되었으며, 염소수와 오존수를 제외하고는 온도변화에 따른 유의적인 차이는 없었다. 종자 발아 후 일반세균 수는 모든 처리군에서, L. monocytogenes 수는 염소수 50 ppm과 오존수를 제외한 모든 처리군에서 대조군보다 유의하게 낮았으며, 염소수 100 ppm을 제외하고는 온도변화에 따른 유의적인 차이는 없었다. 발아율은 48시간 후 calcium hypochlorite(82.3~84.8%)를 제외하고 다른 모든 소독제 처리 시 93.5~97.7%로 나타났으며 대조군과 유의한 차이가 없었다. 이 연구에서 사용된 소독제 처리가 적무 종자에 접종된 L. monocytogenes를 완전히 사멸시키지는 못했지만, 발아 동안 재배수의 소독처리가 추가 병행된다면 생존한 균의 급속한 성장을 지연시킬 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• 생물환경조절학회지
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.228-234
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• 2003

본 연구는 오이종자의 발아율 향상과 발아촉진을 위해 간편하고, 비용을 절감할 수 있는 hydropriming의 적정 환경조건을 구명하기 위해 수행되었다. 오이종자의 발아촉진에 최적 priming 처리제는 50 mL $NaNO_3$였다. 유근장 및 유근 건물중은 priming 처리제 종류에 따라 유의적인 차이는 없었으나, priming 및 hydropriming 종자는 무처리보다는 높았다. 그러나 50 mL $NaNO_3$와 hydropriming 처리간 발아력 증진 효과가 동일하여 오이종자에서는 물을 이용한 hydro-priming 처리가 처리비용을 절가할 수 있어 합리적인 종자처리였다. 오이종자의 hydropriming 적정 처리온도는 20$^{\circ}C$, 처리시간은 24시간이였다. Hydropriming시 종자 2g에 대한 용액량 10 mL 공급처리에서 발아율이 향상되었고 발아촉진에 좋아 적정 용액량이라고 판단되었다. 인위노화 종자는 발아율이 감소하였고 $T_{50}$ 및 MDG는 지연되었으며, 비정상적인 발아는 증가하였다. 활력이 저하된 조화종자를 ,hydropriming한 처리는 발아율이 향상되었고, 조기 발아하였다. 또한 비정상인 발아는 감소되었으며, 유근생장이 촉진되어 발아력이 부분적으로 회복되었다. 이러한 경향은 노화일수가 경과된 종자일수록, 부적당한 발아조건인 15$^{\circ}C$에서 현저하였다.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제47권4호
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• pp.292-296
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• 2002

Soybean seeds were treated with blue, red and far-red lights for 0, 6, 12, and 24 hours during 24-hour imbibition before culture for 6 days. The soybean sprouts raised were classified by their hypocotyl lengths; normal (＞4cm), abnormal (＜4cm) and non-germination, and their lateral roots, hypocotyl diameters and component dry weights were measured. Red light treatment and dark imbibition reduced the abnormal soybean sprouts more than far-red and blue light treatments, meaning that the former treatments produced more commercial sprouts. The lateral roots were more formed in blue light and dark imbibition than the other light treatments, but were completely blocked by any light treatment lasted during the whole imbibition. Although any light quality treatment did not influence their primary root lengths, blue light one lengthened the hypocotyl more than the others treated during the imbibition, and far-red light enlarged its diameter. Despite this morphological change, component, total or economic yield was not significantly different among the light quality treatments during the imbibition.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제54권3호
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• pp.320-326
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• 2009

우리나라 재래 수집종인 제비콩, 갓끈동부와 쥐눈이콩은 종피가 매우 두껍고 딱딱하여 물 흡수가 어려워 발아율이 각각 26%, 17%와 5%에 불가하다. 이들 종자는 저장성에서 그 가치가 높이 평가되지만, 포장에 파종할 때 발아율이 낮아 문제가 되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 이들 종자의 발아율을 향상시키기 위하여 몇 가지 종피약화 처리를 실시하여 가장 효과적인 방법을 도출하였다. 종피약화 처리방법 중 가장 정상묘율이 높은 것은 제비콩은 tap water ($20^{\circ}C$)에서 24시간 침지 했을 때 85%이였으며, 갓끈동부는 hot water에서 8시간 침지했을 때 45%이였다. 그러나 소립이고 경도가 높은 쥐눈이콩은 진한 sulfuric acid에 10분간 침지 했을 때 72%의 정상묘율을 보였다.

• 한국농림기상학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.159-165
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• 2018

본 연구는 급격하게 진행되고 있는 기후변화에 따른 콩의 생육과 종실 수량 반응을 온도구배챔버에서 수행하였다. 생식상 장기간의 고온 발생은 농업 생산성을 저해시키며, 인류의 식품안정성에도 영향을 줄 수 있다. 모든 품종이 $Ta+4^{\circ}C$에서 개화기간이 지연되는 현상을 보여 영양생장기보다 생식생장기의 고온에 대해 민감하게 반응을 하였다. 온도 변화에 대한 종실 수량 구성 반응을 보면 대원콩은 온도가 상승 할수록 협수, 종실 무게가 높아져 수량이 증가하였다. 반면 풍산나물콩과 대풍콩은 각각 $Ta+3^{\circ}C$와 $Ta+4^{\circ}C$사이에서 각각 일정 온도를 벗어나게 되면 온도에 민감하게 반응하여 착협수와 100립중이 감소를 하여 수량 감소로 이어졌다. 종자 크기로 보았을 때 대립 품종인 대원콩은 일정 온도 범위까지는 수량이 증가 할 것으로 판단된다. 반면 중립과 소립품종인 대풍콩과 풍산 나물콩은 일정 온도를 벗어나게 되면 수량이 감소 할 것으로 판단된다.