• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.225-231
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• 1997

This study was conducted to evaluate the growth and yield by sowing times and spacing using machine seeder on Coix Lachryma-jobi L. var ma-yuen $S_{TAPF}$. Adlay was seeded at four different dates (April 20, May 5, May 20 and June 5). Planting spaces were controlled by the seed roller of tractor drill seeder attached to tractor at three spacing ($60{\times}15cm,\;70{\times}15cm\;and\;80{\times}15cm$). The results were summarized as follows. Required days to emergence and days to anthesis were shortened as sowing date was late. But days to maturity were prolonged when sowing date was late. The accumulated temperature increased such as required periods increased. In growth characteristics, culm length was significantly different at different sowing times. But all growth characteristics was not affected by different spacings. In yield components, 1,000 grain weight and ripening rate were significantly different at different sowing times, also the number of tillers and branches was significantly affected at different spacings. Grain yield/ha was significantly different at different sowing times. But it was not significantly different at different spacings. Thus, in order to improve the yield of adlay using drill seeder, if it is not frost, sowing should be done as early as possible. As a result, suitable sowing time was April 20 with spacing at $60{\times}15cm$ using machine seeder in Korea.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.63 no.3
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• pp.205-209
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• 2018

'Saemimyeon,' a Tongil-type rice variety (Indica x Japonica), containing high amylose content, is suitable for rice noodle production. Currently, the major parts of the rice processing industry that include products such as rice flour and noodles are expected to partially replace the wheat flour market. The volume of the rice noodle market is growing and can contribute to the rice surplus problems and farmer's income. This study was carried out to promote productivity of 'Saemimyeon' by finding the most suitable transplanting times in Youngnam Province. The transplanting times were May $10^{th}$, May $17^{th}$, May $24^{th}$, May $31^{th}$, June $7^{th}$, and June $14^{th}$ and the planting distance was $30{\times}12cm$. The field experiment was conducted in the Miryang region (southern plain region of Korea) from 2015 to 2017. Our results suggested that the optimum transplanting dates were from May $17^{th}$ to May $31^{th}$, which resulted in an average yield of 750 kg/10 a. The average grain filling rate before May $31^{th}$ was more than 83% and it declined to 75% after June $7^{th}$. The average temperature range from heading to harvesting time was $21{\sim}25^{\circ}C$ and the estimated optimal temperature was $24^{\circ}C$, which is similar to that of May $24^{th}$ by regression equation. It is suggested that low temperature at seed maturation time caused the lower grain filling rate, and therefore 'Saemimyeon' needed to be transplanted before May $31^{th}$ for higher productivity. Estimated optimal transplanting time based on temperature was 1 ~ 2 weeks earlier than the optimum transplanting time for common japonica rice cultivars in Youngnam Province.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.11
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• pp.173-184
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• 1969

To elucidate the effect of Amo-1618(4-hydroxyl-5-isopropyl-2-methlphenyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, 1-piperidine carboxylate) known as a kind of growth retardant, on the growth, grain yield, increasing the efficiency of nitrogen fertilizer, behavior of mineral nutritions and the rate of phosphorus utilization, this experiment was conducted pot culture method in a vinyl house. Two nitrogen level, namely, practical nitrogen level(1 N) and three times nitrogen level(3 N) was made and labelled double-calcium-superphosphate $Ca(H_2P^{32}O_4)_2.\;2H_2O)$ as a source of radioactive phosphorus(P-32) was employed $80\;{\mu}c/pot$, respectively. Rice seedlings, variety 'Suwon No. 82', was transplanted to a 1/50,000 a china pot on June 13 in 1968. For treatment, at early stage of tillering, 10,000 ppm solution of Amo-1618 was foliar sprayed only one time. The Duncan's new mutiple-range test was adopted for statistical analysis evaluating experimental data at 5% level significance. The results obtained may be summarized as follows; 1) No significant difference was found among the treatments in plant height, but in plot of Amo-1618 treatment and 3 N level, number of tillers was significantly increased than that of others. 2) Weight of 10,000 kernels and seed-setting rate was also remarkably increased in same treatment above. 3) Grain yield per pot was significantly increased in Amo-1618 and 3 N level application. This results seemed to be due to the increased the factors on the yield. 4) Contents of nitrogen and phosphorus per cent in the grain was likewise increased in Amo-1618 and 3 N application. There is, however, no difference among treatments in the content of nitrogen and phosphorus in the leaves and culms of rice plants. 5) On the other hand, the contents of potassium and magnesium, no distinctly tendeny showed among treatments. 6) The rate of phosphorus utilization was significantly increased in the plot of Amo-1618 and 3 N application.

• Current Research on Agriculture and Life Sciences
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• v.11
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• pp.71-79
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• 1993

This study was conducted to obtain the basic information for the classification of Perilla spp. based on their major morphological characteristics for the 20 local collections of perilla distributed in Korea. The results of this experiment were summarized as follows : Several morphological characteristics were investigated. Seed color was classified to four groups with greshywhite, greshybrown, brown and darkbrown. The 1,000 grain weight, 11 accessions were below 3.5g, four accessions was 3.6g to 4.5g and five accessions was 4.5g to 5.07g. There was two types of stem color, red and green, 15 accessions was green and 5 accessions including Andongjaerae, Yeupsil, Ockdong, Cheongsongjaerae and Chugjaso were red color. In fatty acid composition was 60% in average. Among 20 accessions, Euseongjaerae showed the highest content(65%) and Yeongyangjaerae the lowest(54%) linolenic acid content. In the cytogenetical studies on the four accessions including Andong, Yeupsil, Yeongkwang and Daeyeong, the number of chromosomes were 2n=38.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.61-67
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• 2009

Electrolessly deposited Co (Re,P) was investigated as a possible capping layer for Cu wires. 50 nm Co (Re,P) films were deposited on Cu/Ti-coated silicon wafers which acted as a catalytic seed and an adhesion layer, respectively. To obtain the optimized bath composition, electroless deposition was studied through an electrochemical approach via a linear sweep voltammetry analysis. The results of using this method showed that the best deposition conditions were a $CoSO_4$ concentration of 0.082 mol/l, a solution pH of 9, a $KReO_4$ concentration of 0.0003 mol/l and sodium hypophosphite concentration of 0.1 mol/L at $80^{\circ}C$. The thermal stability of the Co (Re,P) layer as a barrier preventing Cu was evaluated using Auger electron spectroscopy and a Scanning calorimeter. The measurement results showed that Re impurities stabilized the h.c.p. phase up to $550^{\circ}C$ and that the Co (Re,P) film efficiently blocked Cu diffusion under an annealing temperature of $400^{\circ}C$ for 1hr. The good barrier properties that were observed can be explained by the nano-sized grains along with the blocking effect of the impurities at the fast diffusion path of the grain boundaries. The transformation temperature from the amorphous to crystal structure is increased by doping the Re.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.45 no.6
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• pp.366-369
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• 2000

This study was conducted to determine the effect of seeding date on the days and the accumulated temperatures to development stages, leaf emergence, and yield in spring-planted barley. Two barley varieties, Sacheon #6 in spring type (growth habit I) and Saechalssalbori in winter type (growth habit IV), were seeded on four seeding date, Feb. 23, March 4, March 13, and March 24. Growth periods to emergence, heading and maturity were shorten when seeding dates were delayed, except for the heading date of Saechalssalbori (winter type barley)at the later seeding date. The rate of leaf emergence was 0.1915 in a day, and was slightly high when seeding was delayed. The accumulated temperatures were 111-142$^{\circ}C$ for emergence, 683-756$^{\circ}C$ for heading, and 1274-1326$^{\circ}C$ for maturity. In general, the accumulated temperature to heading was higher in Saechalssalbori than in Sacheon #6 because the winter growth habit of Saechalssalbori was not removed perfectly, One-thousand grain weight and yield were reduced by delayed seeding. In order to reduce the yield when barley were planted in spying, it is desirable to select the spring type varieties, and to plant them as early as possible.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.233-238
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• 1990

Weedy rice(red rice) collected in Korea were crossed with the Japonica, Javanica and Indica tester cultivars, and also crossed among those collected lines. Their seed fertility was counted and refered to their cross affinities. Some tester cultivars such as, Suweongjo, Malagkit Sinaguing and wx 817 which were regarded as belong to the Japonica, Javanica and Indica respectively, showed the typical tendencies of hybrid sterility when they were crossed each other. But, other testers such as Kwanak, Tapaiko, Belle Patna and Tarichaosun showed some differencies from those typical patterns, implying some varigations within a ecotype. The hybrids of weedy rice crossed to the Japonica testers showed higher fertility with a few semisterilities. While the crosses of weedy rice to the Javanicas or Indicas showed high sterility implying closer affinity relationships of weedy rice to the Japonicas. Even those weedy rice lines such as Samsanmyeon 8 and Sanchungaengmi B which showed semi-sterility when they were crossed to the Japonica testers showed high sterility when they were crossed to both Javanicas and Indicas. The hybrids among weedy rice lines showed high fertility raning 69% to 96%. Even those weedy rice lines which showed semi-sterility in the crosses with Japonica testers, showed high-fertility when they were crossed with those weedy rice lines. Though the amylose content, Alkali Digestive Value, Phenol reaction and grain shapes of theose weedy rice lines showed divers variations, the cross affinities of them showed closer phylogenie relationship to the Japonicas than to Japvanicas or Indicas. But the genetic influinces of Indicas to those weedy rices were not ignorable.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.49 no.6
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• pp.491-495
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• 2004

The existing shattering-resistant sesames had low adaptability and yield potential in Korean environment. Great improvements have been made in these shattering-resistant sesames. We take an optimistic view of success for development of shattering-resistant sesames with high yield potential and superior agronomic characters. This study was carried out to investigate cause of shattering resistance and testing method of effective shattering habit. Shattering-resistant sesames had some specific tissue structures. Shattering resistance of placenta adhesion (PA) sesames was caused by strong seed holding of placenta in capsule, and that of seamless (SL) sesames was caused by nonexistence of seam in capsule. Shattering resistance of indehiscent(ID) sesames resulted because they had thicker mesocarp barrier at the zone of dehiscence compared with that of normal varieties. SL, ID and PA sesames had some variation plants who had high shattering rate. This was judged that evolution direction of these sesames means direction that shattering habit increase. Effective drying method in order to measure shattering resistance was drying condition over 20 days in natural temperature $(20^{\circ}C)$ and 10 days in drying oven $(40^{\circ}C)$.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.39 no.11
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• pp.1684-1690
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• 2010

The properties of non-waxy rice, Dongjin 1, cultivated with conventional farming (CF) and environmentally-harmonized farming (EHF) using hairy vetch were compared to determine rice water absorption, physicochemical and pasting properties, antioxidant activities of brown and white rice, and a sensory evaluation of cooked white rice was carried out. EHF was treated with green manure crops such as hairy vetch and chitinase, which produce microorganism culture solution. CF was applied with seed disinfection treatments, fertilizer herbicides, and agricultural chemicals for the control of pests and diseases. The absorption level of EHF rice was higher than that of CF rice grain, regardless of the cultivation methods used. The ash and crude lipid contents were higher, but protein and dietary fiber contents were lower in the CF rice than in the EHF rice. The total starch content, water binding capacity, and swelling power of white rice were higher than those of brown rice, regardless of the cultivation methods used. The DPPH's antioxidant activity was shown as follows: EHF brown rice, EHF white rice and CF rice, in a decreasing order. The initial pasting temperature of EHF rice was lower than that of CF rice, but the peak, cold, and breakdown viscosities exhibited reverse trends. The sensory evaluation showed that the cooked white rice cultivated with EHF was not significantly different from that cultivated with CF (p<0.05). The overall preference of cooked rice did not show significant differences between the two cultivation methods (p<0.05).

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.50 no.3
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• pp.205-211
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• 2005

This study was carried out to construct cold-tolerance characteristics. The RILs were developed from progenies of a cross between cold-susceptible Tongil-type rice variety, Milyang 23 and cold-tolerant Japonica rice variety, Stejaree 45 by single seed descent methods. The 175 RILs $(F_8)$ were evaluated for cold tolerance traits by field screening under cold-water irrigation. Frequency distribution of RILs in leaf discoloration, heading delay, culm length reduction and number of spikelets reduction displayed nearly normal distributions with transgressive segregations to either side of parents, while the spikelet fertility reduction and panicle exsertion at low-temperature showed the more or less skewed continuous distribution toward the susceptible parent. Higher heritabilities over $60\%$ were observed in leaf discoloration, spikelet fertility reduction, panicle exsertion, while relatively lower heritabilities less than $40\%$ were observed in culm length reduction, number of spikelets reduction and grain yield reduction. Some cold-tolerance RILs were selected effectively by cold water irrigation, which are expected to be good materials in breeding program for cold tolerance.