• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.39-46
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• 2023

The purpose of this study is to introduce a proposed Framework for Evaluating the Return on Investment (ROI) of E-Learning Programs at Saudi Universities. To achieve this goal, the descriptive analysis methodology is used to analyze the literature review about e-learning and its evaluation from different viewpoints, especially from the ROI-related perspective. As well as the literature reviews related to ROI and the methods of calculating it inside society institutes. This study suggests a conceptual framework for evaluating the ROI of E-Learning Programs at Saudi Universities. This framework is based on the merging process among the analyze, design, develop, implement, and evaluate (ADDIE) model for designing e-learning programs, which gives detailed procedures for executing the program, several evaluating models for e-learning, and the Kirkpatrick model for evaluating the ROI of e-learning. It consists of seven stages (analysis, calculating the costs, design, development, implementation, calculation of the benefits, and calculation of the final ROI).

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2007.05a
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• pp.1125-1128
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• 2007

보안 취약성이 끊임없이 보고되고 있다. 이는 보안솔루션의 초기 효과수준을 유지하기 위해서는, 새로운 취약성이 보고되면 즉시 대처하는 지속적 관리활동이 필요함을 뜻한다. 한편 기업성과 개선을 위한 IT투자성과관리가 강조되는 가운데, 정보보호 솔루션 도입 시 재무적 타당성 증명이 요구되고 있다. 이를 위해 여러 형태의 ROSI(Security ROI)가 제시되었으나, 지속적 보호활동에 따른 관리비용이 중요하게 다루어져야 함에도 불구하고 비용에 대한 고려가 적고 효과산정에만 치우쳐, 경영자의 의사 결정을 지원하는 실제적인 재무 성과지표로 활용될 수 없었다. 이에 본 논문은 조직수준의 비용효과 최적화를 추구하는 정보보호 관리체계에 기반을 두어 효과를 산정하고, 비용 산정은 지속적 관리활동이라는 특징을 반영하여 TCO에 기반을 둔 개선된 ROSI를 제안한다. 또한, 제안한 ROSI를 활용한 보안솔루션 평가사례를 제시한다. 증명이 어려운 정보보호 분야 투자타당성 증명은 물론 보안솔루션 선택 시 실제적인 의사결정 판단근거로서 활용될 수 있다.

• Convergence Security Journal
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.39-44
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• 2009

To get legitimacy of a security investment, the analysis of ROI about the security investment is required. In this paper, we suggest a practical quantitative model with considering factors that do decision-making of optimized security investment difficult. This model makes use of the value of a residual risk to decide the best information security solution and considers a corelation of response techniques of the information security solution against each threat to do exact decision-making.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.1117-1124
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• 2023

The security of information, including image content, is an essential part of today's communications technology and is critical to secure transmission. In this paper, a new ROI-based image encryption algorithm is proposed that can quickly encrypt images with a security level suitable for environments that require real-time data transmission for images containing sensitive information such as ID cards. The proposed algorithm is based on one dimensional 5-neighbor cellular automata, which can be implemented in hardware and performed hardware-friendly operations. Various experiments and analyses are performed to verify whether the proposed encryption algorithm is safe from various brute-force attacks.

• KIPS Transactions on Computer and Communication Systems
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• v.4 no.5
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• pp.171-176
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• 2015

Because the specific security technology alone can not cope with sophisticated attacks, various security management models are applied. But, they do not focus on the vulnerability of the highest part because they offer so many common security management criteria. By analyzing the main information and confidential leakage cases inflicting enormous damage to our society, we found that attackers are using mainly an interface vulnerabilities - the paths that connect the internal and external of the organization, such as e-mail, web server, portable devices, and subcontractor employees. Considering the reality that time and resources to invest in security domain are limited, we point out the interface security vulnerabilities the possibility of attackers to exploit and present a convergence method of security measures. Finally, based of ROI(Return on Investment), we propose the real-time security management system through the intensive and continuous management.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.639-653
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• 2013

Smart grid is a network of computers and power infrastructure that monitor and manage energy usage efficiently. Recently, the smart grid demonstration projects around the world, including the United States, Europe, Japan, and the technology being developed. The protection of the many components of the grid against cyber-threats has always been critical, but the recent Smart grid has been threatened by a variety of cyber and physical attacks. We model and analyze advanced metering infrastructure(AMI) in smart grid. Using attack countermeasure tree(ACT) we show qualitative and probabilistic security analysis of AMI. We implement using SHARPE(Symbolic Hierarchical Automated Reliability and Performance Evaluator) tool and calculate probability, ROA, ROI, Structure Importance, Birnbaum Importance.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.317-320
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• 2003

In this paper, we present real-time, accurate face region detection and tracking technique for an intelligent surveillance system. It is very important to obtain the high-resolution images, which enables accurate identification of an object-of-interest. Conventional surveillance or security systems, however, usually provide poor image quality because they use one or more fixed cameras and keep recording scenes without any clue. We implemented a real-time surveillance system that tracks a moving person using pan-tilt-zoom (PTZ) cameras. While tracking, the region-of-interest (ROI) can be obtained by using a low-pass filter and background subtraction. Color information in the ROI is updated to extract features for optimal tracking and zooming. The experiment with real human faces showed highly acceptable results in the sense of both accuracy and computational efficiency.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.11 no.5
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• pp.588-596
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• 2008

For the patients' privacy, secure access control of medical images is essentially necessary. In this paper, two types of Region of Interest (ROI)-based selective encryption schemes are proposed, which concentrate on the security of crucial parts in medical images. The first scheme randomly inverts the most significant bits of ROI coefficients in several high frequency subbands in the transform domain, which only incurs little loss on compression efficiency. The second scheme employs a symmetric key encryption to encrypt selectively the ROI data in the final code-stream, which provides sufficient confidentiality. Both of two schemes are backward compatible so as to ensure a standard bitstream compliant decoder so the encrypted images can be reconstructed without any crash.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.601-615
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• 2015

Region of interest (ROI) is the most informative part of a medical image and mostly has been used as a major part of watermark. Various shapes ROIs selection have been reported in region-based watermarking techniques. In region-based watermarking schemes an image region of non-interest (RONI) is the second important part of the image and is used mostly for watermark encapsulation. In online healthcare systems the ROI wrong selection by missing some important portions of the image to be part of ROI can create problem at the destination. This paper discusses the complete medical image availability in original at destination using the whole image as a watermark for authentication, tamper localization and lossless recovery (WITALLOR). The WITALLOR watermarking scheme ensures the complete image security without of ROI selection at the source point as compared to the other region-based watermarking techniques. The complete image is compressed using the Lempel-Ziv-Welch (LZW) lossless compression technique to get the watermark in reduced number of bits. Bits reduction occurs to a number that can be completely encapsulated into image. The watermark is randomly encapsulated at the least significant bits (LSBs) of the image without caring of the ROI and RONI to keep the image perceptual degradation negligible. After communication, the watermark is retrieved, decompressed and used for authentication of the whole image, tamper detection, localization and lossless recovery. WITALLOR scheme is capable of any number of tampers detection and recovery at any part of the image. The complete authentic image gives the opportunity to conduct an image based analysis of medical problem without restriction to a fixed ROI.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.311-326
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• 2018

This paper has experimented using News sample video with QCIF ($176{\times}144$) resolution in JM v10.2 code of H.264/AVC-MPEG. The region of interest (ROI) to be encrypted occurred the drift by unnecessarily referring to each frame continuously in accordance with the characteristics of the motion prediction and compensation of the H.264 standard. In order to mitigate the drift, the latest related research method of re-inserting encrypted I-picture into a certain period leads to an increase in the amount of additional computation that becomes the factor increasing the bit-rate overhead of the entire video. Therefore, the reference search range of the block and the frame in the ROI to be encrypted is restricted in the motion prediction and compensation for each frame, and the reference search range in the non-ROI not to be encrypted is not restricted to maintain the normal encoding efficiency. In this way, after encoding the video with restricted reference search range, this article proposes a method of RC4 bit-stream encryption for the ROI such as the face to be able to identify in order to protect personal information in the video. Also, it is compared and analyzed the experimental results after implementing the unencrypted original video, the latest related research method, and the proposed method in the condition of the same environment. In contrast to the latest related research method, the bit-rate overhead of the proposed method is 2.35% higher than that of the original video and 14.93% lower than that of the latest related method, while mitigating temporal drift through the proposed method. These improved results have verified by experiments of this study.