• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.32 no.6
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• pp.661-667
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• 1999

Estimation of inflow rates into subsection of a tunnel is establishing the proposed grouting part, measuring the degree of grouting, and settling the dispute over deplrtion of groundwater which may be resulted from tunneling. A current meter was used to calculate inflow rates of groundwater to each subsection of the tunnel. The study area is composed of section 1 and 2 of Imha-Youngchun waterway trnnel which has 32.976km length, with each section having 3,745m and 4,079m, respectively. The depth from groung surface to tunnel ranges from 122.45m to 358.3m. Total inflow rates of groundwater into each section measured three times by the current meter, together with bottle and eye measurement, were compared with groundwater inflow rates of each section measured by datalogger. The calcuated inflow rates of the sections by bottle and eye measurement were 8.8%∼54.7% of inflow rate (averaging 27,4%), whwewas those by the current meter were 76.9%∼110.6%(averaging 92.9%). Therfore, the current meter is regarded as useful method to calculate groundwater inflow rates into subsections of a tunnel.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2016.02a
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• pp.224-224
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• 2016

Many researchers have been tried to improve the performance of the phosphorescent organic light-emitting diode(PHOLED) by controlling of the dopant profile in the emission layer. In this work, as shown in Fig. 1 insert, a typical red PHOLED device which has the structure of ITO/NPB(50nm)/CBP(30nm)/TPBi(10nm)/Alq3(20nm)/LiF(0.8nm)/Al(100nm) is fabricated with a 5nm thick doping section in the emission layer. The doping section is formed by co-deposition of CBP and Ir(btp)2acac with a doping concentration of 8%, and it's location(x) is changed from HTL/EML interface to EML/HBL in 5nm steps. The current efficiency versus current density of the devices are shown in Fig. 1. By changing the location of doping section, as shown in Fig. 1 and 2, at x=5nm, the efficiency shows the maximum of 3.1 cd/A at 0.5 mA/cm2 and it is slightly decreased when the section is closed to HTL and slightly increased when the section is closed to HBL. If the doping section is closed to HTL(NPB) the excitons can be quenched easily to NPB's triplet state energy level(2.5eV) which is relatively lower than that of CBP(2.6eV). Because there is a hole accumulation at EML/HBL interface the efficiency can be increased slightly when the section is closed to HBL. Even the thickness of the doping section is only 5nm,. the maximum efficiency of 3.1 cd/A with x=5 is closed to that of the homogeneously doped device, 3.3 cd/A, because the diffusion length of the excitons is relatively long. As a result, we confirm that the current efficiency of the PHOLED can be improved by the doping profile optimization such as partially, not homogeneously, doped EML structure.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.1-6
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• 1986

Even though it is well known that the tidal current in the East China Sea rotates clockwise, few report can be found about the precise pattern of it. To furnish some information available for the stow net fishermen, the author carried out the observation over 235 semidiurnal tidal cycle to investigate the pattern of the set and the rate of tidal current in the Korean fishing section 250 and 494, by reading the current meter and by tracing the corner reflectors with radar onboard the anchored obsen'ation vessel, from May 12, 1984 through February 27, 1986. The results obtained are as follows: 1. The mean semidiurnal tidal cycle was 12 h 20 m during spring tide, and 12 h 30 m during neap tide. 2. The mean interval from the calculated time of high water until the current began to set north was 2 h 30 m and 2 h 15 m in the fishing section 250 and 494 respectively, and the mean interval from the time of low water current began to set south was about 2 h 0 m in both sections. 3. In comparison of the occupied times to vary the set from one of 8 principal bearing points to the neighboring one, the shortest was while the set varied from N to NE and S to SW in the section 250 and 494 respectively. Contrary the longest was while the set varied from SE to S and from W to NW in the section 250 and 494 respectively. 4. In comparison of the rate while the set varied from one of 8 principal bearing points to the neighboring one, the fastest was while the set varied from SE to Sand NW to N in the section 250, and E to SE and W to NW in the section 494. Contrary the slowest was while the current set to NE and S W in the section 250, and N, NE and S W in the section 494.

• Journal of Technologic Dentistry
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.361-368
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• 2011

Purpose: This study is to analyze the curriculum satisfaction and to provide basic information for effective school management of Dept. of Health section. Methods: This survey, modified questionnaires based on Hee-Joo Moon's(2005), is accordance with undergraduate students and shows very high credibility upper than Cronbach's Alpha. 1,500 questionnaires are distributed(01. Oct. 2010~30. Oct. 2010) but only 1,213(80.8%) are returned and, except for 14 insincerely answered, 1,199(79.9%) are used. Results: The results of the study are following. The population characteristic of this survey is that 445(18.1%) are male, 739(61.9%) are female, 595(49.6%) are in health section, and 604(50.4%) are in none health section. 628(53%) chose getting jobs as their motivations for school choice and 727(60.8%) chose getting jobs and career guidance as theirs. The satisfaction of male students was higher than that of female students based on the comparative analysis of the curriculum satisfaction. The satisfaction of the students in none health section was higher than that of those in health section based on the comparative analysis of the curriculum satisfaction. This survey indicates that once the satisfaction with the major courses and career guidance increase, the overall satisfaction grows. Conclusion: The keys to improve the curriculum satisfaction including students' in department of dental technology are to provide and develop differentiated curriculums and support programs that meet students' expectations. In addition, the customized curriculums based on the level and aptitudes of female students are needed.

• International Journal of Highway Engineering
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• v.8 no.2 s.28
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• pp.75-85
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• 2006

Currently, cross-section design can not reflect highway function and traffic volume, various construction. This research paper provides analysis of traffic accident type, improvement of traffic operation and safety, assessment for new cross-section standards of two-lane highway. Research show higher accident rate on 6$\sim$8.9m road than 9$\sim$12.9m road width in two-lane highway. Typical improvement is widening on lane and shoulder width. Simulation show large increase on 6$\sim$7m road delay-time in 1,200vph. In contrast 10$\sim$11.5m road shows slight change on delay-time. This research paper provides various cross-section construction by traffic volume in minor arterial and distributor two-lane highway. The new cross-section design provides adopting highway volume, various construction and flexibility.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.397-403
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• 1999

The author examined the response of Amberjacks, Seriola quinqueradiata [TEMMINCI et SCHLIBEL] to the surface attracting lamps (0.5W, 0.8W, 1W) line in the experimental water tank (550 L$\times$58W$\times$73Hcm).The attracting rate was investigated in accordance with the intervals of lighting and putting out hour (1,5 minute) when each of the attracting lamps was gradually switched off after they were switched on all at once. The results are as follows:1. Total distribution rate of fish in the illuminated section was 92.4% (mean 18.5%) in case of 1 minute interval, and 95.8% (mean 19.2%) in case of 5 minutes interva. 2. Mean distribution rate of fish at the illuminated section: Distribution rate at interval of 1 minute were 19.0% in 1W, 18.4% in 0.5W, and 18.0% in 0.8W respectively. distribution rate at interval of 5 minutes were 19.5% in 1W, 19.2% in 0.5 W, and 18.8% in 0.8W respectively.3. Attracting rates of the last section showed very much increasing as illuminating time elapsed, but there was a little difference of attracting rates according to interval and lighting source. 4. Attracting rate of fish in only last section switched on : Attracting rate at interval in case of 1 minute were 97.0% in 1W, 86.0% in 0.8W and 74.0% in 0.5W respectively. Attracting rate at interval in case of 5 minutes were 97.3% in 1W, 90.0% in 0.5W and 88.0% in 0.8W respectively.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.42-49
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• 1996

The author examined the response of Armorclad rockfish, Sebastes hubbsi [MATSUBARA]to the surface attracting lamps (0.5W, 0.8W, 1W) line in the experimental water tank ($550L{\times}58W{\times}73H$cm). The attraction rate was investigated in accordance with the intervals of lighting and putting out hour (1,5 minute) when each of the attraction lamps was gradually switched off after they were switched on all at once. The results are as follows : 1. Total distribution rate of fish in the illuminated section was 61.6%(mean 12.3%) in case of 1 minute interval, and 41.0%(mean 8.2%) in case of 5 minutes interval. 2. Mean distribution rate of fish at the illuminated section : \circled1Distribution rate at interval of 1 minute were 12.7% in 0.8W, 12.4% in 0.5W and 11.9% in 1 W respectively. \circled2Distribution rate at interval of 5 minutes were 9.0% in 1W, 8.6% in 0.8W and 7.0% in 0.5W respectively. 3. Attraction rates of the last section showed a little increasing as illuminating time elapsed. A difference of attraction rates according to lighting source in 1 minute interval was bigger than that in 5 minute interval. 4. Attraction rate of fish in only last section switched on : \circled1Attraction rate at interval in case of 1 minute were 52.0% in 0.8W, 46.7% in 0.5%W and 45.3% in 1W respectively. \circled2Attraction rate at interval in case of 5 minutes were 32.0% in 1W, 24.0% in 0.8W and 14.7% in 0.5W respectively.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.243-251
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• 1992

The author examined the response of File fish, Stephanolepis Cirrhifer (TEMMINCK et SCHLEGEL) to the surface attracting lamps(0.5W, 0.8W, 1W) line in the experimental water tank (550L$\times$58W$\times$73H cm). the attracting rate was investigated in accordance with the interval of lighting and putting out hour (1, 5 minute)when each of the attracting lamps was gradually switched off after they were switched on all at once. The results are as follows: 1. Total distribution rate of fish in the illuminated section was 96.9%(mean 19.4%) in case of 1 minute interval, and 98.4%(mean 19.7%) in case of 5 minutes interval. 2. Mean distribution rate of fish at the illuminated section: \circled1 Distribution rate at interval of 1 minute were 19.9% in 0.8W, 19.3% in 1W and 18.9% in 0.5W respectively. \circled2 Distribution rate at interval of 5 minutes were 19.8% in 1W, 19.8% in 0.8W, and 19.5% in 0.5W respectively. 3. Attracting rate of the last section showed increasing as illuminating time elapse without interval and lighting source. 4. Attracting rate of fish in only last section switched on: \circled1 Attracting rate at interval in case of 1 minute were 98.0% in 1W, 97.0% in 0.5W and 83.0% in 0.8W respectively. \circled2 Attracting rate at interval in case of 5 minutes were 99.3% in 1W, 97.3% in 0.5W and 93.3% in 0.8W respectively.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.23-28
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• 1973

The soil of Kwangneung area(Kyeunggi-Do) was inoculated directly into wheat-bran-media and after $3{\sim}4$ days of incubation, a Penicillium species whose cellulase activity was 1011u/g was isolated. With the treatment of mutagenic agents an improved strain(cellulase activity: 1303u/g) was obtained. This strain was screened again by mono-spore isolation method. Finally a strain C8-14 (cellulase activity: 2351u/g) which had lesser spores than the wild strain was obtained.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.42
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• pp.34.1-34.7
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• 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of biodegradable polycaprolactone membrane on new bone formation and the biodegradation of biphasic alloplastic bone substitutes using animal models. Materials and methods: In this study, bony defect was formed at the canine mandible of 8 mm in diameter, and the defects were filled with Osteon II. The experimental groups were covered with Osteoguide as barrier membrane, and the control groups were closed without membrane coverage. The proportion of new bone and residual bone graft material was measured histologically and histomorphometrically at postoperative 4 and 8 weeks. Results: At 4 weeks, the new bone proportion was similar between the groups. The proportion of remaining graft volume was 27.58 ± 6.26 and 20.01 ± 4.68% on control and experimental groups, respectively (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference between the two groups in new bone formation and the amount of residual bone graft material at 8 weeks. Conclusion: The biopolymer membrane contributes to early biodegradation of biphasic bone substitutes in the jaw defect but it does not affect the bone formation capacity of the bone graft.