• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈E:수학교육논문집
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.153-176
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• 2007

본 연구는 제 7차 교육과정이 도입되면서 수학교육에서 중요성이 증가하고 있는 구성주의 교수 학습 모형을 초등 수학영재 교육 프로그램에 적용한 결과를 분석한 것이다. 일반적으로, 영재들은 활발한 의사소통을 통하여 더 많은 지식을 구성해 나갈 수 있으며 또한 왕성한 호기심으로 스스로 문제를 해결하고 원리를 발견하고자 하는 욕구가 크다. 영재들의 이러한 특성을 살려 서로간의 의사소통과 합의를 통하여 보편적인 지식을 구성해가는, 사회적 구성주의를 그 이론적 배경으로 하고 있는 수업 모형을 바탕으로 개인적인 원리를 구성하고 발표와 질문을 통해 오류를 수정하여 보편적인 수학적 원리를 찾아가는 방식으로, 네트워크 문제와 관련된 3가지의 주제를 중심으로 구성주의 교수.학습 모형을 적용하여 학생들의 알고리즘적 사고 능력이 어느 정도인가를 분석하였다.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.69-80
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• 2010

Today's fundamental purpose of environmental education is to fulfill people's desire of living in a pleasant environment and at the same time promoting individualistic and collective environmentally friendly behaviors. In order to achieve these purposes, it is very important that each person holds an environmentally friendly mind that constantly tries to preserve and protect the environment which should be acquired through experiencing the importance of the environment. In order to increases the sense of attachment of people and the natural environment, the direction of environmental education should carry out education on environment related knowledge and the condition of environment damage side by side. The direction of environmental education should consider the cultivating student's awareness for active participation on matters related to the environment and to change their behaviors towards the environment. This study has tested the effect of reflective writing activities about the environment on the environmental sensitivity and willingness to act of 5th grade primary school students. For the sole purpose of this study, 70 students out of 141 5th graders of M Primary School were divided as the experimental group, and another 71 students were divided as the control group. The experimental group participated in 10 activities in where they were asked to express their thoughts and feelings in writing regarding 10 environmental problems occurring near the M Primary School. The control group participated in 10 environmental education lectures focusing on the lecturer. The results were as following. First, the reflective writing activities about the environment were effective in the environmental sensitivity of primary school students. Second, the reflective writing activities about the environment can affect the environmental willingness to act of primary school students. Third, there was a statistically significant correlation between environmental sensitivity and environmental willingness to act.

• 대한소아치과학회지
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• 제47권1호
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• pp.25-35
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• 2020

이 연구의 목적은 CBCT를 사용하여 유구치 치근 및 근관의 형태학적 특징을 평가하는 것이다. 과잉치 발거를 위해 전남대학교 치과병원 소아치과에 내원하여 CBCT를 촬영한 만 4 - 5세 환자 총 68명의 영상으로 연구를 진행하였다. 치근 흡수가 되지 않은 상악 제1유구치, 상악 제2유구치, 하악 제1유구치, 하악 제2유구치로 구분하여 분석하였다. 치근 및 근관의 수, 치근 및 근관의 길이와 각도 등의 다양한 변수들이 분석되었다. 상악 유구치는 모두 3개의 치근을 가졌고 원심 협측 치근과 구개 치근은 단일 근관을 가졌다. 한 치근에 2개의 근관이 있는 경우는 오직 상악 제2유구치의 근심 협측 치근에서 발견되었다. 하악 유구치는 대부분 근심과 원심 2개의 치근을 가졌다. 하악의 근심 치근은 대부분 2개의 근관을 가졌다. 치근의 길이와 관련하여, 상악의 구개 치근의 길이가 가장 긴 반면, 원심 협측 치근의 길이는 가장 짧은 것으로 밝혀졌다. 하악 유구치는 근심의 치근이 더 길었다. 상악 유구치에서는 구개 치근의 각도가 가장 컸으나 하악은 근심의 각도가 더 작았다. 상악 유구치의 치근 및 근관이 곡선형이 많은 반면 하악 유구치는 직선형을 더 많이 볼 수 있었다.

• 대한영양사협회학술지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.235-245
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• 2004

The Korea School Lunch Program mandates that school meals should safeguard the health and well-being of our children. School meals provide a nutritious diet that contains at least ⅓ of the daily Recommended Dietary Allowances of necessary nutrients at reasonable prices. This study was performed to assess the nutritional management of primary school meals, and to provide basic data for improvement of school meal nutritional guidelines. Three hundred and thirty six dietitians who worked at primary schools were recruited using a stratified sampling method. A survey was done by e-mail with a set of questionnaires about nutritional meal management. During school lunch planning, dietitians referred nutrition standards with priority, followed by students' food preferences and food hygiene. They considered energy as a most important nutrient during primary school lunch planning, followed by protein and calcium. Protein is usually over-served, whereas iron, vitamin A and calcium are usually under-served during primary school meal planning. For first and second grade primary students, grains, meat and vegetable side dishes seemed to be large compared to their eating capacity. Over 92% of school dietitians agreed the needs of food group standards for primary school lunch program. For making a checklist of the school lunch program, energy, protein and calcium were highly recommended, and meat.fish.egg group, vegetable.fruit group and dairy group were also highly recommended by school dietitians. Cooking method was also highly recommended. School dietitians proposed that remodeling of school kitchens and new cooking machine were the most important factors for improving school lunch system. These results suggest that food standards should be established for health-oriented nutritional management of primary school lunch programs. Nutritional checklists could include nutrient-rich foods and food groups, and items about cooking methods.

• 대한소아치과학회지
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.444-449
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• 2002

치아의 맹출은 치아가 구강내 교합평면에 도달하여 기능적인 위치를 차지할 때까지의 치아 이동 및 골조직 내에서의 발달로 이루어지는 생리학적인 양상으로 이해되어진다. 그러나 치아가 정상적으로 맹출해야 하는 시기를 지나서도 골조직 내에서 맹출하지 않을 수 있으며, 이러한 치아를 매복치라 일컫는다. 이러한 치아 매복의 주된 요인은 국소적인 것으로 악궁내 공간 부족, 치아 위치 이상, 과잉치, 맹출 경로의 감염, 낭종 및 안면 외상으로 인한 치배의 영향 등이 있다. 또한 쇄골두개이골증, 골다공증 등의 전신적 그리고 유전적 질환도 맹출 장애와 맹출 지연 등과 관련이 있다. 현재까지 매복치의 대부분은 영구치로 보고되었으며 반면에 유치의 매복에 대한 것은 극히 소수에 불과하고, 매복된 유치의 대다수는 제 2 유구치이다. 유치의 매복은 유착에 의해 이차적으로 생긴 저위교합과는 구별되어야 하며, 유치의 매복에 대한 병인은 유치 치배의 비정상적인 발달로 인해 조기에 유착이 일어나는 것으로 추측되어지고 있으나, 아직까지 정확하게 밝혀진 바는 없다. 유치의 맹출 실패로 나타날 수 있는 문제점으로는 계승 영구치 발달 및 맹출 방해, 낭종 형성이나 감염의 발생 등을 생각해 볼 수 있다. 본 증례들은 연세대학교 치과대학병원 소아치과에 내원한 환아의 구강 및 방사선학적 검사에서 유구치의 매복이 관찰되었기에 이에 보고하는 바이다.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• 제38권
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• pp.30.1-30.6
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• 2016

Background: The prognosis of wide implants tends to be controversial. While wider implants were initially expected to result in a larger osseointegration area and have higher levels of primary stability, they were reported to have a relatively high rate of failure. The clinical outcome of ultrawide implants of more than 6 mm in diameter was evaluated through a retrospective study. Methods: The investigation was conducted on patients who had received ultrawide implant (${\geq}6mm$ diameter) placements in Seoul National University Bundang Hospital from January 2008 to December 2013. Complications were investigated during the maintenance period, and marginal bone loss was measured using periapical radiography. Primary stability immediately after the implant placement and second stability after second surgery or during impression were measured using $Osstell^{(R)}$ Mentor (Osstell, Sweden) as an implant stability quotient (ISQ). Results: Fifty-eight implants were placed in 53 patients (30 male, 23 female), and they were observed for an average of $50.06{\pm}23.49$ months. The average ISQ value increased from $71.22{\pm}10.26$ to $77.48{\pm}8.98$ (P < 0.005). The primary and secondary stability shows significantly higher at the mandible than at the maxilla (P < 0.001). However, mean survival rate shows 98.28 %. Average marginal bone loss of 0.018 and 0.045 mm were measured at 12 and 24 months after the loading and 0.14 mm at final follow-up date (mean 46.25 months), respectively. Also in this study, the bone loss amount was noticeably small compared to regular implants reported in previous studies. Conclusions: The excellent clinical outcome of ultrawide implants was confirmed. It was determined that an ultrawide implant can be used as an alternative when the bone quality in the posterior teeth is relatively low or when a previous implant has failed.

• 한국가정과학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.51-61
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• 2006

The purpose of this study is to examine the relation between the trend of art and fashion which predominate a certain time. In order to achieve this goal, this study intends to analyze how plasticity found in Mondrian's pictures are applied to modern fashion with its focus on formative elements. Mondrian was ahead of abstractionism, a major trend of contemporary art, and defined the theory of neo-plasticism. The theory of neo-plasticism defined by Mondrian is characterized by the limited expression of lines and shapes by using only vertical and horizontal straight lines, and right angles and four-sided figures weaved by the lines, and the use of achromatic color(black, white, and gray) in three primary colors(red, blue, and yellow). Based on his theory, he fully displayed the world of geometric abstraction. Mondrian's formative elements which have been applied in modern fashion can be divided into shape and color, For the element of shape, first, horizontal and vertical lines have been applied to patterns, trimmings, detail, and plane of textiles through simplification of design, representing proportion, balance, and stress in a silhouette, Second, plane and diamond shapes made of horizontal and vertical lines have been applied to textiles or patterns with uniqueness. For the element of color, first, three primary colors and achromatic colors are used to seek the aesthetics of balance and harmony that are produced in the strain of conflict through brightness, chroma, and complementary colors, Second, primary colors of high chroma and brightness which are much stronger than pictures are used to express a modern sense. Formative elements of neo-plasticism, which have been applied to modern fashion suggested by this study, are connected with the trend of art contemporary designers have borrowed, Accordingly, this study will become a very helpful material which provides designers with original ideas in developing materials and patterns which connect design with art.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.339-342
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• 2009

Adenoid cystic carcinoma(ACC) is the second most common malignant neoplasm in the salivary gland. In spite of ACC shows slowly growing nature, it is sometimes highly detrimental that it readily invades adjacent tissues and metastasize to distant organs at the early stage of disease. Hence, treatment outcome may be misfortunate due to wide regional infiltration, pathognomonic perineural spread and the tendency of hematogenous metastasis. We present a unusal case of ACC of the scalp in which the patient initially presented with bumpy mass of the scalp who had been diagnosed as the primarily developed ACC of the right hard palate that extended to infratemporal fossa, nasal cavity, and paranasal sinuses and had been treated by total excision and post-operative chemotherapy and radiation therapy for 10 years ago. Although this lesion occured at the scalp, which is a frequent site of primary dermatologic ACC, its histomorphology was the same with that of previous tumor. Complete clinical examination showed no recurrence sign at the primary site and suggested the scalp as a sole treatment failure site. Accordingly, it would be reasonable to consider the present case as either a scalp metastasis or a second primary lesion of salivary gland ACC.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.1989-1993
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• 2013

Background: Lung cancer is the most frequent cancer among men and second highest among women overall, including in Turkey. Cigarette smoking is the most important etiologic factor for the development of cancer in both men and women. Objective: To determine the lung cancer incidence in Northeastern Anatolia Region of Turkey with a focus on clinical properties, cancer subtypes, the relationships of tumors with cigarette smoking and radiological properties of the lesions. Materials and Methods: In a retrospective study design, 566 lung cancer cases diagnosed at the Pathology Department of Ataturk University in Erzurum over the last seven years extending from January 2006 to June 2012 were investigated. The results were compared with statistical analyses. Results: The most common histopathological subtype of primary bronchogenic carcinoma in our study was found to be the squamous cell carcinoma, 46.1% (261 out of 566), and the second was small cell lung carcinoma 15.7% (89 out of 566). Based on our data, an overall male predominance was noted with a male/female ratio of 6.1/1. While 296 (52.2%) of the patients were found to be smokers at the time of diagnosis, 125 (22.0%) were nonsmokers and 145 (25.6%) were ex-smokers. Smoking status was found to have a strong correlation with primary lung cancer (p<0.05), and there were significant differences between males and females (p<0.001). Conclusion: Although relative prominence of subtypes of lung cancers differ between Turkish and other populations, lung cancer overall remains as an important health problem in Turkey. Our findings stress the critical need for effective cancer prevention programs such as anti-smoking campaigns.

• 보건행정학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.195-206
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• 2016

Background: Concentration of patients to large hospitals is serious problem in Korea. The purpose of this paper is to propose appropriate policy direction to relieve concentration of patients to large hospitals. It is focused on evaluation of the possibility of family doctor system as a policy alternative to relieve concentration of patients to large hospital by empirically analyzing the effect of usual source of care (USC) on large hospitals medical care use. Methods: Korea Health Panel conducted 2009, 2012, 2013 by KIHASA (Korea Institute for Health and Social Affairs) and NHIS (National Health Insurance Service) was used for analysis. For dependent variables, first, the ratio of the amount of using large hospital to total amount of using medical care, and second, the amount of using large hospital are estimated. Independent variables are having an USC and type of USC. Panel analysis was done with above variables. Results: Main results are as follows. First, having an USC increases using large hospital. Second, having a domestic clinic type USC decreases using large hospital and ratio of using large hospital. Third, the effect of domestic clinic type USC is greater in older group, less income group, worse health status group, not having private insurance group, and having chronic disease group. Conclusion: These results show that family doctor program can be a policy alternative to relieve concentration of patients to large hospital. Nonetheless, primary care system in Korea is unsatisfied. It is recommended to reinforce primary care system and family doctor system to relieve concentration of patients to large hospitals.