• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.12-19
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• 2011

Real-world accident cases were investigated to understand injury characteristics of the elderly driver. A total 10 cases of car-to-car frontal crash accidents from passenger car including SUV claimed to domestic car insurance company were reviewed. The injury characteristics of the elderly were analyzed from personal information (gender, age), medical treatment record (medical certificate, curative days), vehicle information (model, air-bag, seatbelt) and damage information. This study showed that elderly driver has higher possibility of thorax injury than non-elderly's. Moreover, Injury type and severity were more severe than non-elderly driver at similar type accident conditions. Also, elderly driver's medical treatment period needs 3 times more than non-elderly driver's.

• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소음진동공학회 2012년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.82-87
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• 2012

Research and development of the spinning system which become bigger, faster and more detailed has been making progress continuously due to the increasing use of yarn which is considered as raw material to make industrial goods such as tire cord, air bag, filter, seatbelt and fiber-optic cable along with a remarkable growth of industry. In this paper, the desirable procedure and design requirements concerning a method of vibration reduction for "Godet Roller" considered as the main source of high vibration in the spinning system were suggested, and then verified those by analysis and actual test.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.132-140
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• 2002

A momentum backpropagation neural network is prepared to carry out real-time dynamics simulations of a passenger car. A full-car model of fifteen degrees of freedom was constructed for vehicle dynamics analysis. Human body dynamics analysis was performed for a male driver(50 percentile Korean adult) restrained by a three point seatbelt system. The trained data using the neural network were obtained using a dynamic solver, ADAMS . The neural network were formed based on the dynamics of the simulator. The optimized hidden layer was obtained by selecting the optimal number of hidden layers. The driving scenario including bump passing and lane changing has been used for the estimation of the proposed neural network. A comparison between the trained data and neural network outputs is found to be satisfactory to show the applicability of the suggested approach.

• 대한안전경영과학회지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.33-38
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• 2012

Construction companies with the highest proportion in death crash has been devoting much effort to prevent the crash accidents. In general, a crash-proof worker has been wearing a seatbelt. However, the G construction company had happened in industrial settings when workers fail to abide by the rules. The Carabiner, one of the composing of Safety Belt, must endure the Allowable Load. In this study, the Industrial accidents and cause of the crash analysis in G Construction company is performed by empirical research. And we have been studied the empirical research to setting up of the allowable limit for Carabiner.

• 한국재난정보학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국재난정보학회 2023년 정기학술대회 논문집
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• pp.51-52
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• 2023

다양한 삶의 질이 높아진 지금 인천국제공항에서는 영유아와 함께 비행기를 탑승하는 가족구성원을 쉽게 찾아볼 수 있다. 워라벨이 중시되고 긴 명절연휴를 맞아 해외 여행을 가는 것은 손쉬운 일이 되었다. 2013년 아시아나항공 213편 샌프란시스코 추락사고를 기억할 것이다. 당시 15개월 아기띠를 하고 있던 승객은 아기띠가 없었다면 아기를 잃었을 것이라는 인터뷰를 했다. 많은 국가가 영유아 안전벨트를 도입 및 장려를 하고 있지만, 아직 국내항공사는 영유아를 위한 안전벨트 도입에 소극적인 것을 알 수 있다. 유럽항공청 EASA에서 승인되어 사용하고 있는 영유아 안전벨트의 시스템을 살펴보고 예기치 못한 사고의 피해를 줄이기 위해 영유아 안전벨트의 필요성을 연구하고자 한다. 또한 도입에 따른 장애요인을 파악하고 대응 방안을 모색하여 국내항공사가 영유아 안전을 더욱 강화 할 수 있기를 기대한다.

• 대한전자공학회논문지SP
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• 제49권3호
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• pp.30-39
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• 2012

본 논문에서는 검출된 운전자의 얼굴영역에서 눈의 형태를 인식하여 졸음 상태를 감지하는 기법을 개발하고 감지 결과에 따라 위험 상태를 알려주는 경보 시스템을 구현하고자 한다. 먼저 얼굴 검출에는 Haar 변환 기법을 이용하고 실험실환경, 차량환경 및 적외선 영상을 획득하여 다양한 조명 환경에서도 강인하도록 전처리 및 후처리 과정을 적용한다. 눈 검출에는 보통 한국인이라는 가정하에 눈의 위치 및 크기의 비례 구조 특성 등을 이용하여 후보 영역을 제한하고 트리구조에 대한 실험 결과로 고속 알고리즘을 구현하였다. 또한 졸음 상태를 인식하기 위해서는 눈의 개폐 형태를 검출할 수 있는 Hough 변환을 이용한 기법과 눈의 계폐에 따른 눈의 형태 비율을 이용한 기법을 새로이 제안하며, 눈이 감겨있는 시간을 측정하여 졸음 여부를 판단한다. 1단계 졸음 상태로 판단될 경우 통합 모니터링 인터페이스에서 운전자에게 경고음을 울리며 2단계 졸음 상태로 판단될 경우에는 CAN(Controller Area Network)을 통하여 안전벨트를 진동하게 함으로써 운전자에게 경고를 하는 시스템을 구현한다. 본 논문에서 제안하는 기법은 기존의 기법들과 비교하여 실험실 환경에서 평균 83.64% 이상의 검출률을 달성 하였으며, 실제 차량환경에서도 실험 결과를 통하여 평균적으로 우수한 결과를 보였다.

• 자동차안전학회지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.13-19
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of air bag deployment in passenger car head-on collisions on injuries to the driver. The drivers in head-on collisions who were brought to the emergency rooms of two hospitals from January 2011 and October 2014 were evaluated, as were the vehicles involved. The driver injury level were assessed by utilizing Collision Deformation Classification (CDC) codes, and the Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS) and Injury Severity Score (ISS), respectively. In this study, it was shown that the chest ISS and AIS were significantly high when an air bag only is deployed. A statistically significant difference was found in the crush extent when the driver who fastened the seatbelt was found to be affected more than the ISS 9. Even when an air bag is deployed in a head-on car collision, injury severity can vary according to accident circumstances and crash severity. Accordingly, first aid can be rapidly given, and the injured person can be quickly referred to a hospital, only if the assessment of persons involved in a vehicle accident is accurately carried out.

• 한국항공운항학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.93-104
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• 2018

It is mandatory to use car seats for infants and children in the private vehicles in accordance with the traffic law of Korea. Recently, legislation has also been proposed to expand the use car seats to express and intercity buses. This reflects a growing consensus that mandatory infant and child car seats, both for private and commercial vehicles, are essential. However, Korean laws concerning infants and children on board aircraft allow parents or guardians to hold children under two years of age on their laps without any restraint devices. It is not possible for a parent to physically restrain an infant or child, especially during a sudden acceleration or deceleration, unanticipated or severe turbulence, or impact. The use of CRS provides an equivalent level of safety to infants and children as that afforded to adult passengers wearing seat belts. But there is no regulation even about Child Restraint Systems on board aircraft in Korea. To enhance their safety, infants and children should be restrained in an approved child restraint system that is appropriate to their weight and height. It is necessary to examine whether infants and children in flight can achieve the same level of safety as an adult.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.141-150
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• 2017

A rapid increase in traffic accidents involving senior vehicle occupants has been an issue in Korea because of the aging of the population occurring at one of the fastest rates in the world; unfortunately, few studies beyond several looking at the effect of senior occupants on the level of accident injury severity can be found in the literature. A Multinomial logit model was estimated with Newton-Raphson algorithm to perform bias-reducing penalized likelihood optimization. Model covariates integral to developing the model were included, but the main focus was on the interaction of seating position and injury to senior vehicle occupants. It was found that the likelihood of an accident resulting in a fatality increased: 2.2 times for the driver seat, 2.7 times for the front passenger seat, and even 6.7 times for the rear seat. A mandatory seatbelt law to be extended to the rear seat needs to pass the assembly as soon as possible, and government, industry, and safety groups should be encouraged to join forces to strongly carry out targeted campaigns for the wearing of seatbelts in all vehicle seats to enhance the safety of senior occupants as well as other occupants who are vulnerable to road traffic accidents.

• Advances in Automotive Engineering
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.61-77
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• 2018

In this study, the effects of sitting position of the driver on the whiplash neck injury have been analyzed experimentally by using hybrid III series 50 percentile male crash test dummy. A testing platform consisting of vehicle ground, driver foot rest, driver seat and a 3-point seatbelt has been prepared. This testing platform and the instrumented crash test dummy are prepared for tests according to the Euro NCAP whiplash testing protocol. The prepared test set-up has been exposed to 3 different acceleration-time loading curves defined in the Euro NCAP whiplash testing protocol by performing sled tests. 9 different sled tests have been performed with the combinations of 3 different seating positions of the crash test dummy and 3 different acceleration-time loading curves. The sensor data obtained from the crash test dummy and high-speed videos taken are analyzed according to the injury assessments criteria defined in the Euro NCAP whiplash testing protocol and the criticality of the whiplash injury is defined. It is seen that the backset distance of the driver head with the headrest and the height difference of the top of the head of the driver with the headrest have a great importance on whiplash injuries.