• Journal of the Korea Institute of Military Science and Technology
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.881-888
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• 2013

A basic study was performed to develop a mini gas generator by using a commercial automotive airbag inflater. The mini gas generator can be used for industrial and military application like a seat belt pretensioner. Some parameters were experimentally investigated to reduce the size of the inflater. Basic combustion tests were performed in the closed chamber and measured the pressure and the temperature behavior according to the design parameters. From the study, essential parameters were determined to design a mini gas generator.

• Journal of Digital Policy
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.27-37
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• 2022

The purpose of this study attempted to provide basic data for the safety awareness intervention program by identifying smoking, drinking and safety awareness survey using raw data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES VIII-1, 2019). The self-reported questionnaire was used to assess the gender, age, smoking, drinking, and safety awareness. Descriptive statistics and chi-square test were used for the general characteristics according to gender and the difference between smoking and drinking. positive thinking, emotional expressivity, public speaking anxiety. The SPSS WIN 23.0 version program was used for data analysis. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Chi-square test were used for the general characteristics according to gender and the difference between smoking and drinking. There were significant difference between wearing a seat belt while driving and smoking for life (𝑥²=6581.46, p<.001). Among safety awareness, there was a statistically significant difference between wearing a seat belt while driving and lifelong drinking experience (𝑥²=6421.29, p<.001). It is considered that this can be used to prepare a customized smoking prevention education and alcohol prevention education intervention program to improve safety awareness.

• Journal of Trauma and Injury
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.128-133
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• 2020

Traumatic abdominal wall hernias (TAWHs) are uncommon and the incidence of this, which is rarely encountered in clinical practice, has been estimated at 1%. Furthermore, blunt transection of the entire abdominal wall musculature caused by seatbelt is a very rare complication. We report a case of adult with a complete disruption of the entire anterolateral abdominal wall muscle following the seatbelt injury. A 32-year-old male was wearing a seat belt in a high speed motor vehicle collision. Abdominal computed tomography (CT) scan revealed the complete disruption of bilateral abdominal wall musculatures including TAWH without visceral injury. However, injuries of small bowel and sigmoid colon were observed in the intra-operative field. The patient underwent the repair by primary closure of the defect with absorbable monofilament sutures. This case suggests that especially in TAWH patients, even if a CT scan is normal, clinicians should keep the possibility of bowel injury in mind, and choose a treatment based on the clinical findings.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.311-317
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• 2011

The aim of this analysis was to investigate the relationship between the level of safety behavior and the level of oral health behavior among Korean children. Data used in this analysis were from the 2005 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). A representative sample of 4,292 children aged from three to eleven years who completed both health interview and health behavior survey. Simple and multiple logistic regression analyses were conducted. All analyses were weighted and SAS 9.1 survey data analysis procedures were used to estimate standard errors accounting for the complex sampling design of the KNHANES. More than seventy percent of children did not keep general safety behaviors except seat on back seat in a car. About seventy five percent of children had experience of preventive oral care during last one year, but about fifty six percent of children brush their teeth twice a day. Socioeconomic status and health behaviors were significantly related in three to six old age group only (p<.05). Generally significant relationship was not found between general safety and oral health behaviors. Among Korean children, general safety and oral health behaviors might be not related each other. Education for general safety behaviors should be underlined for all children. Especially preschool-children with low socioeconomic status need to be educated for healthy behaviors.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.102-106
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• 2012

The purpose of this paper is to study the failure cases in relation to system of Air Bag in vehicle happened in the field. In the first example, it was separated the soldering parts connected the wire pin between air bag module and clock spring of air bag. Whenever the pin shake by the car's vibration, the driver verified the malfunction phenomenon appeared air bag warning lamp on instrument panel in front of driver's seat. in car inside room. The second example, it verified the warning lamp lighting phenomenon of air bag by produced the circuit plate non-contacting of single an element in air bag electronic control unit. The third example, it verified the light of air bag warning indicator lamp by separated with soldering parts connecting inner pin and resistance terminal of seat belt pretensioner using passenger seat. The fourth example, when the passenger car crash a back of truck, the former bumper get jammed under the latter as the roof height of car low less than that. Therefore, the impact of Car's collision verified that don't transfer with body frame of vehicle because of no attachment impact sensor in it.

• Journal of Auto-vehicle Safety Association
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.13-19
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of air bag deployment in passenger car head-on collisions on injuries to the driver. The drivers in head-on collisions who were brought to the emergency rooms of two hospitals from January 2011 and October 2014 were evaluated, as were the vehicles involved. The driver injury level were assessed by utilizing Collision Deformation Classification (CDC) codes, and the Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS) and Injury Severity Score (ISS), respectively. In this study, it was shown that the chest ISS and AIS were significantly high when an air bag only is deployed. A statistically significant difference was found in the crush extent when the driver who fastened the seatbelt was found to be affected more than the ISS 9. Even when an air bag is deployed in a head-on car collision, injury severity can vary according to accident circumstances and crash severity. Accordingly, first aid can be rapidly given, and the injured person can be quickly referred to a hospital, only if the assessment of persons involved in a vehicle accident is accurately carried out.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.14-23
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• 2010

Purpose: This study was done to compare health risk behavior prevalence for youth living in metropolitan, medium sized and small cities or rural area, in order to enhance understanding regional differences. Methods: For this study, data from the 2006 Youth Health Risk Behavior Online Survey collected by the Korean Center for Disease Control were analyzed using SPSS. Results: In the metropolitan areas, prevalence for disease and perceived obesity were higher than in other areas. Lack of intense or moderate physical activity, obesity, fast food intake, and insufficient sleep showed higher prevalence than in rural areas. Prevalence of lifetime smoking, lifetime alcohol consumption, present alcohol use, fruit intake less than once a day, and not wearing a seat belt were higher in rural areas than in urban areas. Gender, smoking, and alcohol use were correlated. Spearman correlation between living with parent and skipping breakfast were significant. Smoking, alcohol use, and sexual behavior were correlated. Conclusion: As significant differences in prevalence of youth health risk behaviors exist between regional areas, health education and health promotion programs considering these differences have to be developed and implemented for adolescents. Programs for prevention of smoking and alcohol use, programs for improvement of fruit intake and safety are suggested for adolescents in rural areas, whereas programs to enhance physical activity and obesity management are suggested for adolescents in metropolitan areas.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.31-39
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• 2012

Purpose: The purpose of this paper was to compare community health status by region and to investigate related factors using community health and social indicators. Methods: Data were collected from statistics of local districts that were provided by KNSO and KCDC. ANOVA and correlation were analyzed using PASW 18.0. Results: The standardized cancer mortality rate was higher in metropolitan areas than in other areas. On the contrary, the mortality of respiratory disease, traffic accident, and suicide were higher in rural areas. Small cities and county districts showed higher prevalence in obesity prevalence than metropolitan areas. Metropolitan areas presented higher prevalence in alcohol drinking during the previous month, perceived stress, and seat belt use. The age-adjusted standardized mortality rate was correlated with higher prevalence of smoking, obesity, percentage of the elderly, number of beds, number of social welfare facilities, number of registered cars, lower percentage of financial independence, number of doctors, and percentage of water supply service & sewage. Conclusion: Since significant differences in mortality rate and prevalence of health risk behaviors exist between regional areas and the mortality rate was correlated with other social indicators and health indicators, health policies and social policies considering these differences should be develop and implemented to the communities.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.89-94
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• 2010

The pretensioner is used to retract the belt webbing and tighten up any slack in the event of a crash. The retracting force of the pretensioner helps move the passenger into the optimum crash position in his or her seat. In this paper, the new concept of an operating mechanism of the pretensioning system is presented. The internal gear design program is developed using MATLAB. Two kinds of numerical analysis model are created. The first one, the rigid body dynamic model, is used to estimate the performance of several gear pairs. The initial performance of the new operating mechanism is analyzed and the best combination of the gear pairs is selected. The second one, the structural dynamic model, is used to calculate the deformation of the gear teeth. To decrease the deformation and interference of the teeth, the shape of the gear pairs is changed.

• Journal of Trauma and Injury
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.119-122
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• 2009

Traumatic abdominal wall hernia after blunt abdominal trauma is rare. The prevalence of traumatic abdominal wall hernia in published series is approximately 1%. Recently, by the use of computed tomography has increased the number of occult traumatic abdominal wall hernias (TAWH). A 47-year-old woman presented to the emergency room soon after a traffic accident. She was fully conscious and complained of diffuse, dull, abdominal pain. She had a seat belt on at the time of the accident. Initial computed tomography showed that the lower left abdominal wall had a defect and that a part of the small bowel had herniated through the defect. During the operation, we made an incision at the defect site and confirmed the defect. The defect size was about $15{\times}5cm$. The muscle layers were repaired in layers with absorbable sutures. Prolen mesh was layed down and fixed on the site of the repaired muscle defect. After 6 months, hernia had not recurred, and no weakness of the repaired abdominal wall layers was identified. The patient's postoperative body functions were normal.