• Quality Improvement in Health Care
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.278-294
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• 1998

This study was planned to provide basic data for activating quality improvement by genera hospital with more than 400 beds across the country, of which 65 coordinators answered. Main results of the study are as follows.. 1. Job satisfaction and organizational commitment by individual characteristics were compared. It was revealed that the sense of self-efficacy was related to job satisfaction positively. But job satisfaction and organizational commitment by locus of control showed no significant difference. 2. In terms of the characteristics of QI activities, the active participation of QI coordinators in QI planning process and smooth communication among hospital staffs were showed positive relationship to job satisfaction significantly. 3. Also support system was proposed as most significant variable related to the job satisfaction and the organizational commitment of QI coordinators. Especially support to QI activities by CEO's, seniors, and other hospital staff was a factor to enhance the job satisfaction and organizational commitment of QI coordinators. 4. In the aspect of organizational culture, culture which were tendency to be recognized high autonomy in their work and organizational identity strongly and to operate reasonable compensation system were related to job satisfaction and organizational commitment positively. The more formalized climate, supportive communication, cooperative teamwork and promoting creative/risk take behavior, it showed the higher organizational commitment. 5. For the aspect of QI job characteristics, QI coordinators' job satisfaction was high when QI office was arranged for independent department which was exclusively in charge of QI activities and their role is exclusively in charge of QI. It can be concluded that organizational support in the aspect of relation and finance and efforts of encouraging their motivation and providing on the job training program are need.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.440-448
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• 2004

Purpose: This study was to evaluate the effects of a physical activity reinforcement program on exercise compliance, depression, and anxiety in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis(CAPD) patients. Method: A nonequivalent control group with a pre-post test was designed. Data collection was done from December, 2002 to June, 2003 at a hoapital. The degree of depression and anxiety of the patients was assessed by the score of SCL-90-R, and exercise compliance was measured by exercise period, frequency, time and intensity. The experimental group was composed of 19 participants who were educated based on an exercise education protocol and carried out walking exercises two to four times a week after hearing verbal persuasion biweekly through the telephone or a face-to-face interview for 12 weeks, while 17 participants in control group received no intervention. Result: 1. The experimental group showed significant improvement in self-efficacy of exercise compliance (U=79.00, p=.01), exercise period ($x^2$=20.84, p=.00), exercise frequency ($x^2$=9.03, p=.0l), exercise time ($x^2$=9.03, p=.0l) and exercise intensity ($x^2$=11.09, p=.00) compared to those of the control group. 2. The experimental group showed a lower depression score (U=84.50, p=.01) than the results of the control group. 3. However, there were no changes in anxiety level compared to the control group. Conclusion: The physical activity reinforcement program was found to have an effect on exercise compliance and the depression score of CAPD patients. The results provided evidence for the importance of physical activity and verbal persuasion in CAPD patients.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.42 no.5
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• pp.632-643
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• 2012

Purpose: This study was done to develop tool to evaluate the core competencies regarding nursing cancer patients on chemotherapy, and to verify the reliability and efficacy of the developed tool. Methods: A tool to evaluate the core competencies was developed from a preliminary tool consisting of 112 items verified by expert groups. The adequacy of the preliminary tool was analyzed and refined to the final evaluation tool containing 76 items in 8 core competencies and 18 specific competencies. The evaluation tool is in the form of a self-report, and each item is evaluated according to a 3-point scale. From September 22 to October 14, 2011, 349 survey responses were analyzed using SPSS 20.0 and the WINSTEPS program that employs the Rasch model. Results: Results indicated that there were no inappropriate items and the items had low levels of difficulty in comparison with the knowledge levels of the study participants. The results of factor analysis yielded 18 factors, and the reliability of the tools was very high with Cronbach's ${\alpha}$=.97. Conclusion: The results of this study can be used for training and evaluation of core competencies for nursing cancer patients, and for standardizing nursing practices associated with chemotherapy.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.45 no.3
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• pp.156-163
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• 2012

Objectives: It is necessary to examine groups carrying out sexually risky behavior because the prevalence of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) is high among them. In this study, the prevalence of STDs among homosexuals and sexbuying men in South Korea was investigated, along with their sexual risk factors. Methods: Men who have sex with men (MSMs, n=108) were recruited in Seoul and Busan by applying the time location sampling method, while sex-buying men (n=118) were recruited from a john school in Gyeonggi province, the suburbs of Seoul. Dependent variables included past or present infection with syphilis, Chlamydia, gonorrhea, and human immunodeficiency virus. Independent variables included health behavior, social support, sexual behavior, and safe sex. Results: It was found that when the MSMs were non-drunk while having sexual intercourse (odds ratio [OR], 0.132), they showed a higher STD infection rate when they had a higher number of anal sex partners (OR, 5.872), rarely used condoms (OR, 1.980), had lower self-efficacy (OR, 0.229), and were more anxious about becoming infected with an STD (OR, 3.723). However, the men who paid for sex showed high STD infections when they had more sex partners (OR, 2.286) and lower education levels (OR, 3.028). Conclusions: STD infections among the two groups were high when they were engaged with many sex partners and not having protected sex. In other words, there was a gap in risky sex behavior within such groups, which was significantly related to the possibility of developing an STD. Therefore, the preventive intervention against STDs for these groups needs to be expanded to include management of sex behaviors.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.679-685
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• 2015

Objectives: The purpose of the study is to investigate the change of the salivary flow rate, xerostomia, and oral health-related quality of life in the elderly people after the application of oral massage. Methods: The subjects were 101 elderly people at two senior welfare centers in Mokpo from November, 2012 to January, 2013 by the application of oral massage. The final subjects were 56 elderly people who participated in the massage more than 15 times of 20. They were measured for saliva flow rate, xerostomia, and OHIP. On the first and the last day, a self-reported questionnaire was completed by the elderly people. The questionnaire consisted of general characteristics of the subjects, oral health related knowledge, symptoms and behavior of xerostomia, and OHIP. OHIP included functional limitation, physical pain, psychological discomfort, physical disability, psychological disability, social disability, and handicap, and was measured by Likert 5 point scale. Results: The salivary flow rate of the elderly people increased after the implementation of the program. There was a significant improvement in xerostomia, functional limitation, physical pain, psychological discomfort, and social efficacy (p<0.001). Conclusions : The oral massage program enhanced the oral function of the elderly people, and had an influence on the improvement of oral health-related quality of life.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.40 no.6
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• pp.666-675
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• 2013

Background Stem cells are a unique cell population characterized by self-renewal and cellular differentiation capabilities. These characteristics, among other traits, make them an attractive option for regenerative treatments of tissues defects and for aesthetic procedures in plastic surgery. As research regarding the isolation, culture and behavior of stem cells has progressed, stem cells, particularly adult stem cells, have shown promising results in both translational and clinical applications. Methods The purpose of this review is to evaluate the applications of stem cells in the plastic surgery literature, with particular focus on the advances and limitations of current stem cell therapies. Different key areas amenable to stem cell therapy are addressed in the literature review; these include regeneration of soft tissue, bone, cartilage, and peripheral nerves, as well as wound healing and skin aging. Results The reviewed studies demonstrate promising results, with favorable outcomes and minimal complications in the cited cases. In particular, adipose tissue derived stem cell (ADSC) transplants appear to provide effective treatment options for bony and soft tissue defects, and non-healing wounds. ADSCs have also been shown to be useful in aesthetic surgery. Conclusions Further studies involving both the basic and clinical science aspects of stem cell therapies are warranted. In particular, the mechanism of action of stem cells, their interactions with the surrounding microenvironment and their long-term fate require further elucidation. Larger randomized trials are also necessary to demonstrate the continued safety of transplanted stem cells as well as the efficacy of cellular therapies in comparison to the current standards of care.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.463-475
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• 2000

The purpose of the study was to identify the effects of inpatient cardiac rehabilitation programs on motivation, the performance of health behavior, and quality of life in patients with coronary artery disease. The subjects consisted of 31 patients who participated in the rehabilitation program during their hospital stay, and were compared with 34 patients who did not participate. The study results are as follows: 1. The mean of cardiac risk factor scores for the subjects was 22.5 (SD = 5.5) at the level of low to moderate risk with some possibility to improve. The physiological and behavioral risk factors for the subjects were also in the normal range or slightly above the normal range. 2. The motivation level to preform health behaviors for both groups was improved after discharge. Also, perceived self-efficacy was significantly higher for the program participants than for the comparison group at the post-test. 3. The performance of cardiac related health behaviors improved for both groups after discharge, but there were no significant differences between the two groups. The program participants reported better performance in most health behaviors at the post-test, but the results failed to reach a statistical significant level. 4. As for motivation and health behavior, the subjects in the both groups showed an improved quality of life after the discharge. In addition, the program participants produced significantly higher scores in health and functioning dimension than the comparison group during the post-test. In conclusion, the study partially supported the effects of the inpatient cardiac rehabilitation program to motivate and improve the quality of life, and provide the need to apply early rehabilitation interventions for the patients after cardiac events. Further study with a longitudinal design is also suggested to verify the effect of cardiac rehabilitation program from hospitalization to discharge and subsequently to fully recover to the level of pre-hospitalized state.

• Korean Security Journal
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• no.17
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• pp.277-300
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• 2008

The effect of satisfaction through job performance competency on management performance is enormous, for private security industry depends upon human resources generally till quite recently and often makes contact with clients. Although high-quality personnel who were taught professional education are held in high repute in private security industry, the studies of job satisfaction and recruit education for private security guards are insufficient. Consequently, this investigation analyzes the effect of recruit education program on job satisfaction searchingly for incumbent facility guards. The effect of recruit education program for facility personnel on job satisfaction is as follows. First of all, the differences of personal characteristics, training characteristics, work environment, job satisfaction are inspected in accordance with sociodemographic characteristics. After then, there is a remarkable contrast. Secondly, the former from among of learning expectation and self efficacy as personal characteristics has a positive effect on job satisfaction statistically. Thirdly, educational facility and contents as training characteristics have a positive effect on job satisfaction statistically. Finally, work environment including supervisor's support and maintenance has a positive effect on job satisfaction statistically.

• Journal of muscle and joint health
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.257-269
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• 2011

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of aquatic exercise and to identify directions for future research. Methods: Twenty one articles from 2 sites of article database (1990-2010) and 6 from Korean nursing journals were reviewed. Results: There were 20 quasi experimental design and 1 randomized controlled design. Major subjects of research were older women with arthritis. The most common type of exercise was Kim (1994)'s form. The most frequent duration of exercise was over 6 weeks. Outcome measurement was classified to physical and psychosocial variables. For physical outcomes, pain release was found in 13 articles among 15 articles, muscle strength improvement in 5 articles among 10 articles, flexibility improvement in 5 articles among 9 articles, and balance improvement in 3 articles among 6 articles. For psychosocial outcomes, improvement of quality of life was found in 3 articles among 7 articles and self-efficacy improvement in 5 articles among 7 articles. Conclusion : The effect of aquatic exercise over 6 weeks improves the physical and psychosocial functions. It is suggested that meta analysis needs to be done to integrate the various results.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.49-61
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• 2009

Objectives: The purpose of the study was to test the applicability of the Theory of Planned Behavior(TPB) to Korean adult smokers in order to obtain an enhanced understanding of their smoking-cessation intention and to establish strategies for effective smoking-cessation interventions at the community clinic. Methods: The data came from a survey that was conducted on adult male smokers who visited the smoking-cessation clinic at H community clinic in Korea from January to November in 2006 (N=434). Included in the survey were questions asking core variables and salient belief variables dictated by TPB. A structural equation model was established using TPB and data were analyzed to examine the applicability of the theory to the understanding of the structure of variables leading to intention. Results: The analysis of the structural model revealed that the study model was statistically significant(p<.001), suggesting the high validity of TPB in explaining the structure of the data. Among the relationships in the model, negative behavioral beliefs were not significant(p>.05), and negative control beliefs and subjective norm were significant(p<.05) but not as highly as other variables in the model(p<.001). Conclusion: TPB was useful in understanding smoking-cessation intention of smokers who visited community clinic to stop smoking. More specific strategies for counseling and education need to be developed to enhance attitude and perceived behavioral control (self-efficacy) toward smoking-cessation intention, such as emphasizing health benefits of quitting smoking, and eliciting values and life principles that can help increase the intention to stop smoking.