• Journal of Korean Foot and Ankle Society
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.11-17
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• 2015

Purpose: To report the radiographic and clinical results of 6.5 mm cancellous full threaded buttress screw or Steinmann pin fixation to maintain a reduction of calcaneal posterior facet depression fracture. Materials and Methods: From June 2009 to June 2012, 50 consecutive cases with calcaneal joint depression fracture that underwent open reduction and screw or pin fixation were enrolled in this study. A 6.5 mm cancellous full threaded screw was inserted from the posteroinferior aspect of the calcaneal tuberosity to the posterior facet (group A) or Steinman pin was inserted from the posterosuperior aspect of the calcaneal tuberosity to the calcaneocuboidal joint (group B). Both preoperative and postoperative Bohler and Gissane angles were measured radiographically, and American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) ankle-hindfoot scale on the final follow-up were assessed. Results: The mean age of patients was 44.1 years, and the mean follow-up period was 27.2 months. According to the Sanders classification, 28 cases were type II and 22 cases were type III. In Sanders type II, Bohler and Gissane angles improved significantly from $10.1^{\circ}$ and $126.2^{\circ}$ preoperatively to $27.2^{\circ}$ and $117.1^{\circ}$, respectively, in the immediate postoperative radiograph, and at the final follow-up, $26.6^{\circ}$ and $118.6^{\circ}$, respectively. In Sanders type III, Bohler and Gissane angles improved significantly from $5.0^{\circ}$ and $129.8^{\circ}$ to $29.9^{\circ}$ and $119.3^{\circ}$, respectively, in the immediate postoperative radiograph, and $26.9^{\circ}$ and $120.2^{\circ}$ at the final follow-up. All cases achieved bony union, and the average period until complete union was 13.3 weeks. AOFAS ankle-hindfoot scale was 82.6 in Sanders type II and 77.3 in Sanders type III at the final follow-up. Conclusion: A 6.5 mm cancellous full threaded buttress screw or Steinman pin fixation is a noninvasive treatment method with a merit of being able to maintain the bearing capacity of the posterior facet comparable to plate fixation.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.72-79
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• 2023

Objective: Despite known associations between negative body image and health declines in chronic pain patients, few studies have examined longitudinal associations between psychological stress and perceived hand deformities. This study examined whether psychological distress was associated with hand deformities 4 years later and if rural and urban adults differed in the association. Design: A community-based cohort study. Methods: Community dwelling adults (mean age=51.97, 52.3% women) in a rural (n=2968) and urban area (n=2784) provided demographic data at baseline and, in the 4-year follow-up, responded to questionnaires about psychological distress. Perceived hand deformities were assessed at the 8-year follow-up. Linear regression was conducted to examine the effects of psychological distress on hand deformities and moderation by residential areas. Results: The perceived hand deformities were more likely among those with severe psychological stress, hand osteoarthritis, or any chronic disease condition (p<0.01) but less likely among those with younger age, higher education, or income (p<0.01). The regression results showed that psychological distress predicted more perceived hand deformities 4 years later even after adjusting for demographic and health covariates (p<0.01). The residential areas did not significantly moderate the association between distress and hand deformities. Conclusions: This study suggected that psychological distress may trigger later perception of hand deformities in both urband and rural adults. The findings indicate that stress management interventions that are customizable to regional contexts may be effective at preventing negative body image related health problems of community-dewelling adults.

• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.137-145
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• 2014

Objectives: Colonoscopy is a popular tool for screening for colon cancer throughout the world. The incidence of polypectomy and follow-up colonoscopy are persistently increasing but the studies about follow-up test after polypectomy are still lack of its domestic sources. This study is designed to look into the recurrence rate of colon polyps and risk factors after polypectomy. Methods: This is a retrospective study by reviewing medical charts of 147 patients who underwent polypectomy and follow-up colonoscopy from Jan. 2000 to Mar. 2008. The Kudo classification was used to describe the polyps found in the colonoscopy. The follow-up period was defined as the term between polypectomy and the first colonoscopy follow up. Results: Seventy six point two percent of the enrolled patient were male and the mean age was $56.5{\pm}8.1$. Mean follow-up period was $24.9{\pm}13.7$ (6 - 65) months. The cumulative recurrence rate of 1 year was 11.6%. The rate of 2 years was 36.7% and that of 3 years was 55.8%. The number of polyps was the factor which statistically showed significant relation of its recurrence rate. The histological morphology characteristic of polyps could be one independent factor which may be associated to the recurrence of polyps. Conclusions: The importance of colonoscopy follow up after polypectomy was clearly emphasized through the cumulative recurrence rate of 55.8%. Therefore, there is a need for more domestic studies with a large number of patients about the recurrence of polyps after polypectomy.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.47 no.4
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• pp.271-277
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• 2010

Objective : The purpose of this study is to evaluate the clinical characteristics and surgical outcome of cerebellopontine angle (CPA) epidermoids presenting with trigeminal neuralgia. Methods : Between 1996 and 2004, 10 patients with typical symptoms of trigeminal neuralgia were found to have cerebellopontine angle epidermoids and treated surgically at our hospital. We retrospectively analyzed the clinico-radiological records of the patients. Results : Total resection was done in 6 patients (60%). Surgical removal of tumor and microvascular decompression of the trigeminal nerve were performed simultaneously in one case. One patient died due to postoperative aseptic meningitis. The others showed total relief from pain. During follow-up, no patients experienced recurrence of their trigeminal neuralgia (TN). Conclusion : The clinical features of TN from CPA epidermoids are characterized by symptom onset at a younger age compared to TN from vascular causes. In addition to removal of the tumor, the possibility of vascular compression at the root entry zone of the trigeminal nerve should be kept in mind. If it exists, a microvascular decompression (MVD) should be performed. Recurrence of tumor is rare in both total and subtotal removal cases, but long-term follow-up is required.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.53 no.5
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• pp.342-352
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• 2020

Objectives: The aim of this retrospective cohort study was to investigate whether non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) was associated with incident bone mineral density (BMD) decrease. Methods: This study included 4536 subjects with normal BMD at baseline. NAFLD was defined as the presence of fatty liver on abdominal ultrasonography without significant alcohol consumption or other causes. Decreased BMD was defined as a diagnosis of osteopenia, osteoporosis, or BMD below the expected range for the patient's age based on dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate the hazard ratio of incident BMD decrease in subjects with or without NAFLD. Subgroup analyses were conducted according to the relevant factors. Results: Across 13 354 person-years of total follow-up, decreased BMD was observed in 606 subjects, corresponding to an incidence of 45.4 cases per 1000 person-years (median follow-up duration, 2.1 years). In the model adjusted for age and sex, the hazard ratio was 0.65 (95% confidence interval, 0.51 to 0.82), and statistical significance disappeared after adjustment for body mass index (BMI) and cardiometabolic factors. In the subgroup analyses, NAFLD was associated with a lower risk of incident BMD decrease in females even after adjustment for confounders. The direction of the effect of NAFLD on the risk of BMD decrease changed depending on BMI category and body fat percentage, although the impact was statistically insignificant. Conclusions: NAFLD had a significant protective effect on BMD in females. However, the effects may vary depending on BMI category or body fat percentage.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.281-285
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• 2006

Objective : The tethered cord syndrome results in progressive neurological deficits. Although it may remain controversial, many physicians recommend definitive surgery to untether the cord as soon as this condition is identified. We retrospectively evaluate the pre-operative and post-operative course of 38 tethered cord patients with spinal dysraphism in an attempt to learn the natural history of the disease and to determine the effectiveness of the surgical treatment. Methods : The medical records, operation notes and radiographs were evaluated. The follow up period ranged from 4 months to 12 years with a mean follow-up of 28.6 months. Twenty-seven patients were younger than 15 years of age. Results : At presentation, 26 of the patients were asymptomatic. In three of 11 adult symptomatic patients, their neurological deficits worsened after trauma or exercise. Improvement of motor strength was documented in two out of 5 patients. Five of nine patients with bladder symptoms improved, however, none had a complete return of their bladder function. Conclusion : Childhood patients were less symptomatic than the adult patients. Adult patients showed progression of their symptoms that were not improved even after the operation in most of the cases. Asymptomatic tethered spinal cord can be symptomatic as time passes by and even at an old age. Future research should be focused on the operative methods to prevent the delayed deterioration after surgery, rather than on the usefulness of preventive surgery in asymptomatic patients.

• Archives of Craniofacial Surgery
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.102-106
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• 2011

Purpose: It is accepted universally that correction of the cleft lip nasal deformity requires multiple stages of surgery. Following primary lip repair in infancy or early childhood, secondary surgery to improve the deformity of the lip and nose is frequently necessary. A suitable surgical procedure to correct the accompanying deformity, such as cleft palate and alveolus, must be carried out at an appropriate age. In developing countries, it is common for patients with cleft lip nasal deformity to present severe secondary deformities in adolescence, because of poor follow-up and inappropriate surgery. Methods: The first patient was a 12 year old Mongolian boy. He presented prominent lip scar, short lip, wide columella, asymmetric nostril, palatal fistula, cleft alveolus, and velopharyngeal incompetence. He underwent cheilorhinoplasty, transpositional flap, alveoloplasty by iliac bone graft, and sphincter pharyngoplasty. On follow-up, a bilateral maxillary hypoplasia and a class III malocclusion developed. He underwent LeFort I osteotomy and maxillary advancement at the age of 16 years. The second patient was an 18 year old Eastern Russian girl. She presented with a deviated nose, right alar base depression, short lip, protrusion on vermilion, large palatal fistula, and severe VPI due to short palate. She underwent the combined procedure of cheilorhinoplasty, corrective rhinoplasty, tongue flap for palatal fistula, and superiorly based pharyngeal flap. And the tongue flap was detached at postoperative 3 weeks. Results: The overall results have been extremely pleasing and satisfactory to patients. There were no postoperative complications. Conclusion: We discovered the one stage operation for radical correction was sufficient procedure to provide excellent clinical outcomes in patients with severe cleft lip nose deformity.

• Journal of Korean Foot and Ankle Society
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.183-188
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• 2014

Purpose: The accepted general management principle after ankle arthrodesis is to maintain non-weight bearing for 6 to 8 weeks. The aim of this study was to report clinical outcome of patients allowed early weight bearing after arthroscopic arthrodesis. Materials and Methods: We analyzed medical records and radiographs to determine fusion rate and complication risk of 22 sequential patients allowed to walk under short leg cast within 3 days after arthroscopic ankle arthrodesis using 2 screws from January 2008 to June 2012. The minimum follow-up period was 18 months, and the mean age of the patients was 67 years. Results: The mean visual analog scale was decreased from 8.9 points preoperatively to 2.3 points after 12 months. Complete ankle fusion was achieved in 19 patients (86.4%) at 3-month follow-up. There were 2 cases of delayed union and one case of nonunion at 12-month follow-up. There was no other complication such as wound problem, persistent swelling of the ankle. Conclusion: Bony union may not be interfered even though patients were allowed to walk under cast within a few days after arthroscopic ankle arthrodesis.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.193-204
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• 2007

This research has done for 67 undernutrition people of the aged men and women that are practiced follow-up nutrition intervention programs for 9weeks. The result of health related status, eating habit, food attitude and food intake for 2days is as following. 37.3% of objected old people are drinking, 20.9% of those are smoking and 29.9% of those are exercising. 55.2% of objected old people of the second intervention program about self-rated health say good. Sleeping hours of 25.4% of objected old people is from 6 to 8 hours. Meal amount and appetite above 98% of objected old people, compared to those of before sixty age, are decreasing and similar. 67.8% or 70.1% of the objected old people, compared to those of before sixty age, say same in sweet and salt taste. More significantly increased food group in after intervention than before intervention is vegetables and animal foods. There is no difference between management group and comparison group by ANCOVA analysis. DDS and DVS in management group are no significant differences between before intervention and after intervention.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.656-664
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• 2015

Purpose: The purposes of this study were to identify the rate of reversion from mild cognitive impairment (MCI) to normal cognition (NC) among the community-dwelling elderly and to determine if there were differences in cognitive function, leisure activities, and exercises between the group with MCI-maintained and the group with reversion to NC. Methods: This study utilized a longitudinal descriptive comparative design. A total of 346 subjects over age 65 was recruited from public health center at baseline. Finally 152 elderly were enrolled at 1 year follow-up. Data were collected through MoCA-K, K-MMSE, KDSQ-C5 and questionnaires on leisure activities and exercises. Data were analyzed by IBM SPSS Statistics 21.0 using descriptive statistics, $x^2$ test, and t-test. Results: The rate of reversion from MCI to NC among the subjects was 44.1%. At baseline, the group with MCI-maintained had lower cognitive function than the group with reversion to NC. At 1 year follow-up, the group with reversion to NC had higher subjective cognitive function than the group with MCI-maintained. Regarding leisure activities, there were differences between the groups at baseline and 1 year follow-up. Conclusion: It is suggested that age, education year, subjective cognitive function, and leisure activities should be considered at planning a nursing intervention for MCI.