• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.42 no.5
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• pp.1-12
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• 2014

Recently, the reenaction of place's memories that were considered sense of place based on its historical and structural characteristic were assumed important topics for recovering and making the park from industrial sites, such as factory, industrial complex, industrial city, labor residential development, landfill, etc., to the public all over the world. This research aimed to conduct some preliminary data for making the park's sense of place highly. So, after conducting the structural forms of sense of place for Seoul Forest and Seonyudo Park that were designed and built by considering its place memories actively, park planning and design implications that were considered its sense of place were suggested. The research results those were derived from the structural forms of sense of place for Seoul Forest and Seonyudo Park's are the following. First, the Structural Equation Modeling(SEM) on Seoul Forest and Seonyudo Park were determined that the natural-physical, artificial-physical, and experiential environmental factors' satisfaction of Seoul Forest and Seonyudo Park have an effect on forming the Sense of Place. In addition, the sense of place was affected by the willingness to visit. Second, according to its physical environment, the experiential factors, such as plays, exercises and etc., were more important relatively. Therefore, experiential factors should be considered significantly with physical factors to make the sense of place highly. Third, even the places were under similar category, the factors' and valuables' relative importance were changed. As the results of structural equation modeling said, specific valuables' related with each factors would be differentiated due to the places' characteristics. For example, the results were showed that natural-physical factor was more important than artificial-physical factor in Seoul Forest. On the other hand, artificial-physical factor was more important than the natural- physical factor. This research carries some significance for applying a quantitative research method(structural equation modeling) to various place to conduct the sense of place's structural model, for suggesting relative specific methods to make the sense of place, and for being a step forward to substance of sense of place. If further studies conduct focusing on various places to draw the forming models of sense of place that were based this research's analysis methods and results, those researches would contribute to make the urban place meaningful, characteristically and affectionately. Furthermore, those researches would contribute in making a humane and competitiveness city.

• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.659-674
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• 1998

This Study was to investigate elaborated research themes and direction through specifying the problems of clinical practice education and looking for the direction of improvement. It was in the basis of the viewpoint of the educators that professors and therapists who were the subjects of this study. Perform this study, the 15 colleges' professors and the 55 hospitals' therapists was made up questionnaire, and the data was analysing by Chi-square test and percentage. The results were as follow : ${\cdot}$ In a personal history among the general qualities, professors have little clinical practice history(l-5 years, 53.3%), and therapists have little lecture career(1-5 years, 43.6%, have no 49.0%), ${\cdot}$ The 78.6% subjects were unsatisfied of clinical practice systems. ${\cdot}$ The correlation between clinical history, school career and lecture career and the satisfaction level of clinical practice systems has no(P<.005), ${\cdot}$ The subjects were agreed to that clinical practice curriculum should be changed(67.1%), reinforced(82.9%), and specified(90.0%). ${\cdot}$ The clinical practice credits are 11 points averagely. ${\cdot}$ In the clinical practice curriculum, it made no difference in the practicum of diseases, modality, and the therapeutic techniques between professors and therapists. ${\cdot}$ The 100% professors said that the practicum of the patients' assessment is necessary, and the 63.6% therapists were training for that. ${\cdot}$ The 66.7% professors said that the practicum of the clinical psychology is necessary, and only the 20.0% therapists were training for that. ${\cdot}$ The 93.3% professors said that the practicum of the patients' management is necessary, and the 50.9% therapists were training for that. ${\cdot}$ The 66.7% professors said that the practicum of the medical ethics is necessary, and the 34.5% therapists were training for that. ${\cdot}$ The 46.7% professors said that the practicum of the hospital administration is necessary, but the 54.5% therapists have not training. ${\cdot}$ The 33.3% professors said that the practicum of the pharmacology is necessary, but the 81.8% therapists have not training. ${\cdot}$ The 86.7% professors said that the practicum of the patient's education is necessary, and the 43.6% therapists have training. ${\cdot}$ The 66.7% professors said that the practicum of the prosthesis and brace is necessary, but the 14.5% therapists have not training. ${\cdot}$ The 60.0% professors said that the practicum of the exercise prescription is necessary, but the 25.5% therapists have not training. ${\cdot}$ The 53.5% professors said that the practicum of the emergency treatment is necessary, but the 52.7% therapists have not training. ${\cdot}$ Drawing up the plan about the curriculum of clinical practice, the professors (46.7%) were agreed to national master plan framing by an expert advisor, but the therapists (58.2%) said that the plan that make the most of hospitals' characteristics should be specified. ${\cdot}$ It was found that a clinical special therapists(54.5%) was good as a person in charge of clinical practice education, in that each therapist's own good time (34.5%) was. ${\cdot}$ It made use of the form framing by college(40.0%) as the clinical practice textbook, the form framing by hospital (42.9%) and each therapist(22.9%) as the plan, and the form framing by college (74.3%) as the measurement. ${\cdot}$ The most difficult point in clinical practice education was the lacks of the theory-praciticum linkage(78.2%). ${\cdot}$ It was found that the period of clinical practice was in the second semester-third grade (40.0%) and the desirable period was in the first semester-third grade(50.0%). ${\cdot}$ Professors (53.3%) were agreed that the desirable clinical practice duration was from four months to six months(60.0%), and the therapists (60.0%) were agreed that from one month to three months. ${\cdot}$ This study presented the lacks of rearing the experts, the lacks of cultural education, and the lacks of the theory-clinical practice linkage. There were need to develop the systematic programs, clinical practice textbooks, the measurements and the special hospital for clinical practice. And it was need to reduce the gab between of the hospitals for clinical practice, to cut down the costs. and to improve the labour conditions of leaders. In view of this findings, it takes notice of that both professor and therapist were dissatisfied at the present clinical practice systems. These results point out the problems of clinical practice systems, and do not make expect to us the successive and positive clinical practice. The general, specific and intensive plan about the problems and the direction of improvement that establishing the level of hospital for clinical practice and physiotherapy can be elaborated.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.205-217
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• 1996

Today in the industrial society, the urban park is the place for citizens' health, recreation, exercise, and education. This is a very important place as a fine sight and maintenance of public security. As the results of rapid economic growth during the last thirty years, citizens are in the age of material civilization and are challenged with many serious urban problems such as pollution, noise, traffic congestion, human alienation, etc. Rapid material civilization brought to citizens' mental and physical diseases. To some of the problems, it is necessary that we should have proper leisure and recreation facilities, and that we should have the active, positive posture to them. Especially we need the out door recreational spaces and facilities. But nowadays the urban parks are given little thought in spites of the necessity of parks which should be used as a recreational spaces in the urban areas. So, This study attempt to comprehend the function, quantity and quality of the urban park system in Taegu. It is clear that the quantity is inappropriate. Because of inappropriate disposition and management, its coefficiency of utilization is low. In view of the population and park ratio, Dong Gu, Nam Gu, Suseong Gu and Dalseong Gun have comparative good, environments. However, Dalseo Qu, Seo Gu and Jung Gu have less geographical features. There are some methods to provide expansion of the aggregate of urban parks. We can use the school-grounds and their facilities. which were moved from C.B.D. to the outskirts of Daegu, or some parts of urban redevelopment, or the riverside of Sincheon river. In the urban park-program, users' satisfaction-factors are analyzed. We must reconsider the efficiency. The above problems are improved. Active administration and inhabitants' Positive participation are demanded so that the sound development of cities and daily life-surroundings are promoted.

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.294-305
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• 2015

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to provide baseline data for the development of an educational program for hospice care for college students. Methods: A survey was conducted at three universities in B city with 143 students from September 5, 2014 through September 26, 2014. The data were analyzed by the SPSS 18 program. This study was approved by IRB. Results: The college students' spiritual well-being was at a medium level. Their attitudes to death were neutral, and perception of hospice care was at a medium level. Most of the participants (93.0%) had no training in hospice care. The participants' awareness of the purpose of hospice care was at a relatively high level. Their awareness of the need for hospice care was at a moderate level. The participants' spiritual well-being and their attitudes to death showed a weak but positive correlation (r=0.179, P=0.030). The relationship between their spiritual well-being and awareness of hospice care were positively correlated (r=0.203, P=0.015). Conclusion: The participants' perception of hospice care was low. Most of them had no experience of hospice care education. Also, the higher the spiritual stability was, the higher the participants' perception of the purpose and the necessity of hospice care was. And their perception of the hospice care varied depending on their family relationship, satisfaction with school life, and cognition of hospice care. Therefore, we need consider these variables to develop a hospice education program to enhance college students' attitudes to death and their perception of hospice care.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.51 no.5
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• pp.426-436
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• 2001

Objective : This study was performed to determine the smoking status and its associated factors in military life among young Korean men to provide data for smoking prevention in military areas as a part of the health promotion program for soldiers. Methods : 1,033 infantrymen serving in 17 military units, which are located in suburbs of K city, were enrolled in this study. A questionnaire on the soldiers smoking status and other various characteristics was obtained from October 2nd to 12th, 2000. Logistic regression analysis was performed on the various variables in order to determine the factors related to smoking. Results : 1) 830(80.3%) out of 1033 subjects had smoked cigarettes and 759 persons(73.4%) were regular smokers. 2) Among the 734 soldiers who started smoking before their military service, 714 soldiers(97.2%) continued to smoke after, while 45 soldiers(15.0%) among the 299 non-smokers started smoking after joining the army. 3) Through the logistic regression analysis. the education level. specialty in the army. smoking amongst the friends they met before military service, smoking amongst soldiers in the army. dating girl friends, drinking, satisfaction with their army lives and the presence of convenient smoking places at the barracks were significant factors related to the prevalence of smoking in soldiers. Conclusion : The factors related with incidence of smoking in the army are the complicated interactions among the individuals personal background, general characteristics of the soldier and the special environment in the barracks. Therefore, to improve national soldiers' health, an active non-smoking campaign and education should be pushed to discourage smoking in the barracks.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.37 no.5
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• pp.42-52
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• 2009

Recreational forests are catching on as places for personal development through recreation, association with people, education about nature, mind relaxation and spiritual peace. However, the value and significance of recreational forests with various functions are easily overlooked. Whoever pays fees for admission to facilities are able to enjoy fresh air, a comfortable environment, and space for rest. It should be taken into consideration whether the fee which customers pay is appropriate for the value of nature they are enjoying. This study is involved in giving the right recognition to the value of recreation and environment by estimating economically the value of the environment in which visitors stay, and presenting the appropriate price. The most efficient way to achieve this goal is through an economic approach, which suggests following established research skills and yielding suitable and accurate amounts of money. The environmental value of a recreational forests is estimated through contingent valuation method(CVM), which is chosen among several methods to estimate public facilities because the value of recreational forests has strong characteristics as public facilities which are not traded in the market. The annual recreation value per person of surveyed recreational forests is Willingness To Pay(WTP) with a mean between about 16,000 won and 25,400 won. The recreation value of one recreational forest surveyed is annually between approximately 1.7 billions won and 2.7 billions won. The annual recreation value of 85 national and public recreational forests is presumed to be between about 140 billions won and 230 billions won. The presumed amount of money is the environment in which visitors can enjoy whenever they invest some money and time. Indeed, it is more than that; it provides visitors with a greater sense of satisfaction and the recognition of the preciousness of nature and the environment.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.53 no.3
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• pp.307-313
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• 2010

Purpose : Results of the Korea National Health Screening Program for Infants and Children, which was launched in November 2007, were evaluated for future research and policy development. Methods : Data from a total of 2,729,340 cases were analyzed. Five visiting ages, such as 4, 9, 18, 30, and 60 months, were included. Several parameters such as stunting, obesity, and positive rate of developmental screening were also analyzed. Telephone survey was performed in 1,035 users. For the provider survey, 262 doctors participated in our study. Results : The overall participation rate of users was 35.3%. This participation rate showed a decrement tendency to old age and low income. Only 6.9% of users participated in oral screening. Health screening was performed mainly in private clinics (82.6%). The recall rate of 4 months program users at the age of 9 months was 57.3%. The positive rate of screening was 3.1%, and was higher in the low-income group. By telephone survey, users reported that questionnaires were not difficult (94%) and overall satisfaction was good (73%). Longer duration of counseling was related with more satisfied users. Counseling and health education were helpful to users (73.2%). Doctors agreed that this program was helpful to children (98.5%). Conclusion : Korea National Health Screening Program for Infants and Children was launched successfully. Participation rate should be improved, and a quality control program needs to be developed. More intensive support following this program for children of low-income families may lead to effective interventions in controlling health inequality. Periodic update of guidelines is also needed.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.37-53
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• 2004

The purpose of this study is to observe the developmental Process of interaction and attitude of children through instruction for “making fabric doll”. Based on the theory of “Waldorf Education”, instruction of 8 hours for 3 weeks exercised against 40 children(18 boys, 22 girls) of 6th grade, especially focused two group(10 children), in K elementary school in Chunchoen. The results of the study by qualitative research method through observing, recording, interpretation are as follows 1. The changes in interaction among children were observed in increase of quantity and quality of conversation among children, of reliability and dependence among children, of intimacy and cooperation among children, and of intimacy between teacher and children. 2. The changes in the attitude toward instruction were observed in increase of confidence and satisfaction, of active and attentive attitude to instruction via more interest about own fabric doll, of positive attitude through attachment to the doll. Therefore, the instruction of “making fabric doll” based on “Waldorf Education” seems to be efficient to child development and Practical Arts Education.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.93-109
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• 2017

The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of the subjective perception to the nutrient intake and mental health of Korean adolescents by the residual method. This study was based on data from the 5th and 6th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2010-2014) of the 2,961 total subjects(male 1,548, female 1,413, aged 12 to 19 years). The nutrient intake was collected by using the 24 hr recall method and mental health and BMI were collected by the health interview survey and physical examination research. An analysis of the relationship between the subjective perception and BMI showed that the proportion of those with a distorted perception of their body type was the highest among adolescents with normal weight(p for trend, <.001). Especially, regarding the subjective body type, the proportion of adolescents who perceived themselves overweight was significantly higher among females as compared to that among males (p for trend, <.001). An analysis of nutrient intake status against the subjective perception showed that the group of adolescents who perceived themselves overweight had the lowest scores on the index of nutritional quality (INQ), nutritional adequacy ratio (NAR) and mean adequacy ratio (MAR) (p for trend, <.001). With respect to the daily intake of major nutrients, adolescents who perceived themselves overweight consumed the lowest amounts of total energy (p for trend, <.01) and carbohydrate (p for trend,<.001). An analysis of the mental health status of the adolescents showed that those who perceived themselves overweight had the highest levels of stress recognition and depression (p<0.01). In conclusion, the adolescents' subjective perception is associated with their nutrient intake and mental health. Therefore, some educational programs are desirable to help the adolescents to have their desirable subjective perception and to increase their satisfaction with their body type.

• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.131-145
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• 2010

The framework for making a coordinated decision for large-scale facilities has become an important issue in supply chain(SC) management research. The competitive business environment requires companies to continuously search for the ways to achieve high efficiency and lower operational costs. In the areas of production/distribution planning, many researchers and practitioners have developedand evaluated the deterministic models to coordinate important and interrelated logistic decisions such as capacity management, inventory allocation, and vehicle routing. They initially have investigated the various process of SC separately and later become more interested in such problems encompassing the whole SC system. The accurate quotation of ATP(Available-To-Promise) plays a very important role in enhancing customer satisfaction and fill rate maximization. The complexity for intelligent manufacturing system, which includes all the linkages among procurement, production, and distribution, makes the accurate quotation of ATP be a quite difficult job. In addition to, many researchers assumed ATP model with integer time. However, in industry practices, integer times are very rare and the model developed using integer times is therefore approximating the real system. Various alternative models for an ATP system with time lags have been developed and evaluated. In most cases, these models have assumed that the time lags are integer multiples of a unit time grid. However, integer time lags are very rare in practices, and therefore models developed using integer time lags only approximate real systems. The differences occurring by this approximation frequently result in significant accuracy degradations. To introduce the ATP model with time lags, we first introduce the dynamic production function. Hackman and Leachman's dynamic production function in initiated research directly related to the topic of this paper. They propose a modeling framework for a system with non-integer time lags and show how to apply the framework to a variety of systems including continues time series, manufacturing resource planning and critical path method. Their formulation requires no additional variables or constraints and is capable of representing real world systems more accurately. Previously, to cope with non-integer time lags, they usually model a concerned system either by rounding lags to the nearest integers or by subdividing the time grid to make the lags become integer multiples of the grid. But each approach has a critical weakness: the first approach underestimates, potentially leading to infeasibilities or overestimates lead times, potentially resulting in excessive work-inprocesses. The second approach drastically inflates the problem size. We consider an optimized ATP system with non-integer time lag in supply chain management. We focus on a worldwide headquarter, distribution centers, and manufacturing facilities are globally networked. We develop a mixed integer programming(MIP) model for ATP process, which has the definition of required data flow. The illustrative ATP module shows the proposed system is largely affected inSCM. The system we are concerned is composed of a multiple production facility with multiple products, multiple distribution centers and multiple customers. For the system, we consider an ATP scheduling and capacity allocationproblem. In this study, we proposed the model for the ATP system in SCM using the dynamic production function considering the non-integer time lags. The model is developed under the framework suitable for the non-integer lags and, therefore, is more accurate than the models we usually encounter. We developed intelligent ATP System for this model using genetic algorithm. We focus on a capacitated production planning and capacity allocation problem, develop a mixed integer programming model, and propose an efficient heuristic procedure using an evolutionary system to solve it efficiently. This method makes it possible for the population to reach the approximate solution easily. Moreover, we designed and utilized a representation scheme that allows the proposed models to represent real variables. The proposed regeneration procedures, which evaluate each infeasible chromosome, makes the solutions converge to the optimum quickly.