• 한국도로학회논문집
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.133-140
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• 2012

PURPOSES : Traffic situation of Seoul City is different each administrative district. because each administrative district population, average travel speed, etc are different. thus, regionally differentiated policy is necessary. METHODS : In this study, first, it is to implement the cluster analysis using the traffic factor of twenty-five administrative districts in Seoul, categorize it into the cluster and understand the properties. second, related factors of speed were derived. and method to increase the speed was investigated. we choose the eleven traffic factors such as the number of traffic accident cases, total length, speed, the number of cross section, the number of cross section per km, the rate of roads, registered cars, population attending office and school, population density, area. RESULTS : In the results, first, we could categorize the Seoul-City administrative district into three clusters. in order to find Factors associated with speed a simple regression analysis was performed. and the number of intersections per km is closely related to the speed. CONCLUSIONS : Through this study, transportation policies reflecting local traffic-related characteristics are required.

• 대한설비공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한설비공학회 2008년도 하계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.430-435
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• 2008

Total lengths of domestic pipe network for district heating system are above about 2,500Km. A lots of pumping power for heat transportation through long pipe are required by the flow friction of pipe surface. Until now there have been considered about various methods to reduce the flow friction for district heating system such as using surfactants and turbulence promoters by swirl flow and baffles etc. At this study, swirl flow generator was tested about the possibility to increase the heat transfer ratio at the heat exchanger in the case which the suppling water temperature increased from $50^{\circ}C$ until $120^{\circ}C$. Experimental results showed that the heat transfer ratio increased and also pressure increase ratio increased simultaneously in the case which swirl flow generator installed. The amount of the increasing ratio for heat transfer and pressure were reached until 4.33% and 11% at the case of $120^{\circ}C$ suppling temperature which domestic district heating system were using.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권15호
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• pp.6021-6024
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• 2014

Background: The STK15 gene located on chromosome 20q13.2 encodes a centrosome-associated kinase critical for regulated chromosome segregation and cytokinesis. Recent studies have demonstrated STK15 to be significantly associated with many tumors, with aberrant expression obseved in many human malignancies. The purpose of this study was to investigate expression of STK15 in esophageal squamous cell carcinomas (ESCCs) in a Mongolian population. Methods: Two non-synonymous single nucleotide polymorphisms in the coding region of STK15, rs2273535 (Phe31Ile) and rs1047972 (Val57Ile) were assessed in 380 ESCC patients and 380 healthy controls. We also detected STK15 mRNA expression in 39 esophageal squamous cell carcinomas and corresponding adjacent tissues by real time PCR. Results: rs2273535 showed a significant association with ESCC in our Mongolian population (rs227353, P allele = 0.0447, OR (95%CI) = 1.259 (1.005~1.578)). Real time PCR analysis of ESCC tissues showed that expression of STK15 mRNA in cancer tissues was higher than in normal tissues (p = 0.013). Conclusions: Our study showed that functional SNPs in the STK15 gene are associated with ESCC in a Mongolian population and up-regulation of STK15 mRNAoccurs in ESCC tumors compared adjacent normal tissues. STK15 may thus have an important role in the prognosis of ESCC and be a potential therapeutic target.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제17권6호
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• pp.2973-2977
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• 2016

Opisthorchis viverrini is still a serious problem in Northeastern and Northern Thailand. Active surveillance is required to determine updated data for further prevention and control planning. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the prevalence and risk factors for O. viverrini in three provinces, Northeastern Thailand. A cross-sectional survey was conducted during October 2015 to March 2016 at Kaeng Sanam Nang district of Nakhon Ratchasima province, Waeng Noi district of Khon Kaen province, and Khon Sawan district of Chaiyaphum province, Thailand. Stool samples were examined by using a modified Kato-Katz Thick smear technique. From a total of 978 participants screened, O. viverrini infection was found in 1.74%, the majority opf positive cases being male (6.62%), age group 51-60 years old (4.21%), educated at primary school (8.43%), occupied with agriculture (9.62%),having an income <4,000 baht per month (4.82%), and living in Khon Sawan district (8.43%). Participants had a high knowledge level (42.43%), good attitude level (34.76%), and fair level (38.04%). The present study indicates the O. viverrini infection rate is low, but elderly males with primary school education involved in agriculture are still frequently effected particularly in Khon Sawan district. Therefore, this risk group requires behavior modification and continued monitoring.

• 한국태양에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국태양에너지학회 2011년도 춘계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.179-184
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• 2011

The development of new energy has attracted consideration attention due to the high oil price and environmental problems. In advanced country, they have tried to carry out a long range plan for energy. We need to develop new energy for Low Carbon Green Growth in Korea. The building is 30% among ratio of energy consumption in Korea. And in the past, heating energy was high ratio for energy using at home. But recently, the demand for cooling energy keeps growing due to rising average temperature on the earth and improvement of life quality. In this situation, the energy of lake water and ocean water has studied to utilize in advanced country because of low temperature at underwater. But the study for deep water is still a lot left to do. In this study, we analyzed district cooling system and the present condition. Analyzing the deep lake water cooling system in Toronto, we found an application of district cooling system using deep ocean water. Deep lake water uses heat source for district cooling and water source for city in Toronto. So reducing the initial cost, this city had economic effect. When DLWC was applied at existing building, the heat exchanger was installed instead of cooling tower and refrigerator. And the heat exchanger used to connect main pipe with cool water on city. System using deep ocean water can be applied as a similar way to supply cool water from lake to building.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제14권7호
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• pp.3508-3517
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• 2013

지구(district)는 도시를 형성하는 기본 단위로 모든 도시활동이 시작되는 장소이다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 지구단위에서의 교통과 토지이용패턴의 결합 형태에 따른 270개의 시나리오를 가정하고 $CO_2$ 배출량을 분석한 후 $CO_2$ 배출량을 최소화하는 토지이용-교통모형을 작성하고자 하였다. 그 결과 균등 또는 외곽을 고밀도로 개발하는 토지이용패턴이 지구의 중간부나 1개 중앙존만을 개발하는 것보다 $CO_2$ 배출량 감소에 유리한 것으로 파악되었다. $CO_2$ 배출량 감소에 가장 영향을 많이 주는 것은 교통수요관리정책으로, 특히 개발밀도가 높은 상태일수록 $CO_2$를 감소시키기 위해서 교통수요관리는 필수적인 것으로 판단되었다. 고밀개발이 아닌 경우에 주어진 가상 네트워크에서는 2차로도로에 차량통행금지를 시키고 보행자도로로 전환시킬 경우 $CO_2$ 배출량을 감소시킬 수 있음을 알게 되었다. 한편, 제시된 토지이용-교통 회귀모델은 지구설계시 $CO_2$ 배출량을 줄이기 위한 최적대안 선정시 도움을 줄 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• 교육시설
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.24-30
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• 2006

There is a new demand for functional sharing between existing schools and neighbouring community facilities. This study is to find out the priority of the existing schools at Nowon District for functional sharing development. Most schools are located geographically near the highly populated residential district. The development will be a form of multi-use school complex. The process starts with selecting the schools located in the center of local community. Since the school facilities occupies the relatively enough space, it is possible to expand other functions for the neighbouring communities. Accordingly many citizens can utilize them because of their greater activities. This study is based on the investigation and the analysis of actual situations related to the complex development of school facilities. As a result the suitable candidate schools for the multi-use development are listed under the searched conditions.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.59-63
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• 1970

As a result of inquiry about menarche age, existence or non-existence of menstruation, comparative menarche age by regina groups, and monthly occurrence rate of menarche among 1642 school girls in Kwangju district, we obtained the following conclusion. 1. The menarche age of school girls in Kwangju district was 10-17, and the average age was 14.03$\pm$1.85. 2. According to the percentage of menarche occurrence by the present age. we got a fact that 58.67% had menarche at 13 to 15-year-old school girls. So the tendency is that menarche occurs sooner by degrees. 3. As a result of inquiry about the existence or non-existence of menarche by the present age, 54.54% have not had menarche among 15-year-old school girls. There is one person who have not had it at 18, and none that have not had it at over 19. 4. The menarche age by regional groups shows that menarche occurs at 13.85 in the city and at 14.27 in the country: those inhabited in the city have menarche sooner than those in the country. 5. Monthly rate of menarche occurrence shows that August in the largest number, December the second, January the third, and so on.

• 농촌계획
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.27-41
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• 2011

This research The main focus of this research is to provide basic data for concrete recreation planning of future site by selecting Gwangmyeong-Siheung housing district, large residential development district focused on rural areas, by evaluation of recreation value and detailed biotope type classification. The main results of analysis are as follows. As a result of basic survey of the research area, total 79 family and 307 taxonomic groups are identified and also naturalization index and urbanization index were estimated 16.6 % and 17.6% respectively. Also, as a result of biotope type classification, it is divide into 12 biotope type gorups including forest biotope type group and its subordinate 53 biotop types. As a result of first value evaluation, there are total 13 biotope types such as vegetation-full artificial rivers in I grade. In addition it is analyzed as 9 types of II grade, 5 types of III grade, 8 types of IV grade, 18 types of V grade. Lastly, as a result of second evauation, it is analyzed that there are 21 special meaningful areas for recreation and natural experience(1a, 1b), and 50 meaningful areas for recreation and natural experience(2a, 2b, 2c). It is regarded that the results of biotope types classification and recreation value from this research play roles of analyzing the Suitable site for recreation area before development in terms of large residential development district, and then these results provide important basic data to secure recreational and natural experience area in development planning.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.1293-1297
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• 2016

Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a serious problem in Thailand, particularly in the northeastern and northern regions. Database of population at risk are need required for monitoring, surveillance, home health care, and home visit. Therefore, this study aimed to develop a geographic information system (GIS) database and Google map of the population at risk of CCA in Mueang Yang district, Nakhon Ratchasima province, northeastern Thailand during June to October 2015. Populations at risk were screened using the Korat CCA verbal screening test (KCVST). Software included Microsoft Excel, ArcGIS, and Google Maps. The secondary data included the point of villages, sub-district boundaries, district boundaries, point of hospital in Mueang Yang district, used for created the spatial databese. The populations at risk for CCA and opisthorchiasis were used to create an arttribute database. Data were tranfered to WGS84 UTM ZONE 48. After the conversion, all of the data were imported into Google Earth using online web pages www.earthpoint.us. Some 222 from a 4,800 population at risk for CCA constituted a high risk group. Geo-visual display available at following www.google.com/maps/d/u/0/edit?mid=zPxtcHv_iDLo.kvPpxl5mAs90&hl=th. Geo-visual display 5 layers including: layer 1, village location and number of the population at risk for CCA; layer 2, sub-district health promotion hospital in Mueang Yang district and number of opisthorchiasis; layer 3, sub-district district and the number of population at risk for CCA; layer 4, district hospital and the number of population at risk for CCA and number of opisthorchiasis; and layer 5, district and the number of population at risk for CCA and number of opisthorchiasis. This GIS database and Google map production process is suitable for further monitoring, surveillance, and home health care for CCA sufferers.