• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제33권5호
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• pp.211-216
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• 2021

Purpose: The main purpose of this meta-analysis was to identify the degree of effect size and variables for the impact of manual physical therapy on the improvement in the range of motion of frozen shoulder patients. Methods: This study collected 8 studies published between 1st January 2010 and 31st December 2020. The analysis of the results verified 49 effect size data and the random effect model was chosen. Results: First, the full case showed the largest mean effect size of 2.485 (p<0.001). Second, the size of the effect based on manual therapy and modality therapy showed an effect size of 4.178 (p<0.001). Third, the outcome group included 6 variables. The external rotation (2.818) variable group showed the largest mean effect size, followed by internal rotation (2.748), flexion (2.643), abduction (2.356), and adduction (2.356). Six outcomes were significant and the mean effect sizes of all the varied groups were above large size. The number of participants showed a 20 or less effect size of 2.478 (p>0.737). The number of intervention periods showed 4 weeks 20 or more effect size of 2.782 (p>0.294). Finally, the 'Trim and Fill' result confirmed that the calibration effect size was 1.471 (p<0.001). Conclusion: This study verified that manual physical therapy had a substantial effect on the improvement of the range of motion of patients with frozen shoulders and that the effects were dependent on the methods of outcomes.

• 한국자기학회:학술대회 개요집
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• 한국자기학회 2008년도 Asian Magnetics Conference
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• pp.37.2-37.2
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• 2008

• 한국의상디자인학회지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.17-29
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• 2023

This study collected and analyzed reference information on the size labeling method and size of clothing products in 13 online shopping malls for plus size women in their 20s and 30s, and compared the size specification information focusing on jeans. First, in the results of examining the method of clothing size designation, clothing sizes indicated by 1, 2, 3 or physique designation (M, L, XL) differed between shopping malls, and even in the same shopping mall, even if the same size notation was used. Most the clothing sizes were different depending on the type of clothing. For bottoms, it was found that one company used seven size designation methods at the same time, two shopping malls used four size designation methods, and five shopping malls used three size designation methods. In the meantime, in the results of comparing the size specifications of jeans XL (size 88, 32 inches) by product part, for waist and hip circumferences, each of the eight companies showed that the size was smaller than the body size suggested by KS adult women's wear.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.142-145
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• 2012

The main challenge at present in constructing hierarchical identity-based encryption (HIBE) is to solve the trade-off between private-key size and ciphertext size. At least one private-key size or ciphertext size in the existing schemes must rely on the hierarchy depth. In this letter, a new hierarchical computing technique is introduced to HIBE. Unlike others, the proposed scheme, which consists of only two group elements, achieves constant-size private keys. In addition, the ciphertext consists of just three group elements, regardless of the hierarchy depth. To the best of our knowledge, it is the first efficient scheme where both ciphertexts and private keys achieve O(1)-size, which is the best trade-off between private-key size and ciphertext size at present. We also give the security proof in the selective-identity model.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.18-27
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• 2020

This study is to corroborate the relationship between organizational size and performance in the Korean government context. Hence, this study aims to advance research on the relationship between organization size and performance by considering mediating variable: organizational goal ambiguity, which helps understand how organizational size affects organizational goal ambiguity in government and the organizational goal ambiguity has an influence on organizational performance. Bases on theoretical review, we assume that there is the inverted U-shaped relationship between the number of employees and budget size and organizational performance. From the results of path analysis, it shows that organizational size in the Korean government has a negative correlation, "a linear relationship", with organizational performance. Budget size has mediating variables, but the number of employees not. We try to suggest implications on the relationship between organizational size and performance in terms of theoretical perspectives in the context of the Korean government.

• 대한두개안면성형외과학회지
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.276-282
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• 2020

Background: Orbital fractures are the most common pediatric facial fractures. Treatment is conservative due to the anatomical differences that make children more resilient to severe displacement or orbital volume change than adults. Although rarely, extensive fractures may result in enophthalmos, causing cosmetic problems. We aimed to establish criteria for extensive fractures that may result in enophthalmos. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the charts of patients aged 0-15 years diagnosed with orbital fractures in our hospital from January 2010 to February 2019. Computed tomography images were used to classify the fractures into linear, trapdoor, and open-door types, and to estimate the defect size. Data on enophthalmos severity (Hertel exophthalmometry results) and fracture pattern and size at the time of injury were obtained from patients who did not undergo surgery during the follow-up and were used to identify the surgical indications for pediatric orbital fractures. Results: A total of 305 pediatric patients with pure orbital fractures were included-257 males (84.3%), 48 females (15.7%); mean age, 12.01±2.99 years. The defect size (p=0.002) and fracture type (p=0.017) were identified as the variables affecting the enophthalmometric difference between the eyes of non-operated patients. In the linear regression analysis, the variable affecting the fracture size was open-door type fracture (p<0.001). Pearson's correlation analysis demonstrated a positive correlation between the enophthalmometric difference and the bony defect size (p=0.003). Using receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, a cutoff value of 1.81 ㎠ was obtained (sensitivity, 0.543; specificity, 0.724; p=0.002). Conclusion: The incidence of enophthalmos in pediatric pure orbital fractures was found to increase with fracture size, with an even higher incidence when open-door type fracture was a cofactor. In clinical settings, pediatric orbital fractures larger than 1.81 ㎠ may be considered as extensive fractures that can result in enophthalmos and consequent cosmetic problems.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.433-439
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• 2014

We attempted to develop an indicator combining incidence with mortality rates (single measure of cancer burden, SMCB) and to compare the magnitudes of cancer burden by world region. The SMCB was used to measure the size of cancer burden summarizing the incidence and mortality. The incidence and mortality were divided in equivalent forms and were split. The criteria dividing the size of cancer burden were used as the maximum incidence and mortality by men and women according to the world database, and the value corresponding to 10% of each maximum was set as the cut-off value. In SMCB, the size of cancer burden was highest for men with lung cancer (SMCB=18) and for women with breast cancer (SMCB=14) in MDR (more developed regions) compared to the size of burden in LDR (lower developed regions) (lung, SMCB=11, breast, SMCB=8). For men, the size of cancer burden by region was highest in EURO (SMCB=18, lung), followed by WPRO (SMCB=16, lung), PAHO (SMCB=14, prostate), AFRO (SMCB=8, prostate) and SEARO (SMCB=7, lung). Moreover, for women, the size of cancer burden was greatest in EURO (SMCB=14, breast), followed by PAHO (SMCB=13, breast), AFRO (SMCB=11, cervix uteri), EMRO (SMCB=9, breast) or SEARO (SMCB=8, cervix uteri) and WPRO (SMCB=7, lung). The summary indicator will help to provide a priority setting for reducing cancer burden in health policy.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제29권8호
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• pp.1102-1113
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• 2005

The propose of this study is to develop the optimal sizing system of ready-to-wear f3r elementary school girls using a newly invented statistical technique. The body measurements was classified by the method that equalizes the distribution of the subjects using the probability density function, to theoretically systemize a method to determine a size range of ready-to-wear for elementary school girls between 6 to 12 years old. The statistical method were 1) The total of 11 height groups, which size interval from one another is 6 cm that is an average height gap between each age. 2) In order to determine an approximate figure (m ${\times}$ n) to establish the appropriate sizes far each height group that fit to the combinations of bust and hip girth, which based on their means and standard deviations on the probability density curve to produce the standard normal distribution. 3) m and n were aligned by 4cm -the grading increments used for patterns making- and determined the size ranges by confirming the approximate figures of m and n. 4) The representative values were determined by an area ratio calculated by dividing the area determined from the range of bust and hip girth with the representative value. Considering the characteristics of subjects' distribution, the area ratios was used. 5) Weight was calculated by seeking a growth exponent for each age and multiplying it by the number of girls that fit to each size range. As sections that show the highest weight are more likely sought by the consumers, these sections were determined as the optimal size standards. 6) This optimal sizing system consists of sizes determined by the optimal size standards and its sizes are marked with height, bust and hip girth.

• 대한골관절종양학회지
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.88-93
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• 1998

Neurilemoma usually discovered incidentally, is a benign nerve-sheath tumor which has been described as a painless mass. In most cases, the size of the mass was smaller than 5cm. However, it was reported that there were masses, sometimes associated with local tenderness and pain, whose size was over 6cm. Then, we have found there is a relationship between mass size and neurologic symptoms, as well as with, postoperative complications. It is important to diagnose early and to treat it. Twenty neurilemoma patients, who were treated at Keimyung University Dongsan Medical Center were analyzed using their clinical symptoms, pathologic findings, radiologic findings and complications. There was no sexual difference in tumor incidence. The anatomical locations of tumors were as follows. ; upper extremities in 15 cases(69%), axilla in 1 case(4%) and lower extremities in 6 cases(27%). Symptoms were palpable mass in 22 cases, local tenderness in 8 cases(36%), radiating pain in 6 cases(27%) and paresthesia in 6 cases(27%), Median nerve was involved most frequently(33%). There were 2 patients(10%) with multiple symptoms. Tumor enucleation was done in all cases. The size of tumors in longest axis was smaller than 2cm in 2 cases, between 2 and 4cm in 11 cases and more than 5cm in 9 cases. There was no case of malignant transformation or recurrence. In conclusion, incidence of clinical symptom and postoperative complications are increased with the size of the tumor especially over the 5cm. Preoperative MRI finding was the most accurate method of diagnosis and most helpful in determining surgical resection margin.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.447-455
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• 2012

본 연구의 목적은 메타분석법을 이용하여 독해력 증진 프로그램의 효과를 분석하는 것이다. 이를 위해 2001년부터 2011년까지 연구된 독해력 관련 연구 70편을 종합한 효과크기를 산출하였으며, 이를 토대로 다음과 같은 연구결과를 얻었다. 첫째, 독해력 증진 프로그램 효과에 대한 평균 효과크기는 0.763으로 큰 편이었다. 둘째, 초등학교의 효과크기가 1.030으로 가장 큰 가운데, 학교 급간에는 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 있었다. 셋째, 학술지의 평균 효과크기가 1.250으로 학위논문의 평균 효과크기인 0.700 보다 통계적으로 유의하게 더 큰 것으로 나타났다. 넷째, 효과 측정방법에 대해서는 읽기방법의 효과크기가 더 컸으며, 다섯째, 적용언어에 대해서는 한국어가 영어보다 유의적으로 더 큰 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구를 수행하는 과정에서 미발표된 연구결과물을 포함시키지 못한 점은 본 연구의 한계이다. 그러나 메타분석을 활용하여 독해력 증진 프로그램의 효과에 대한 통합적인 결과를 도출하려는 시도는 나름대로 의의를 갖는다고 하겠다.