• 한국정보과학회논문지:소프트웨어및응용
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• 제27권8호
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• pp.815-826
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• 2000

본 연구는 사람의 뇌에 대한 자기공명영상에서 백질과 회백질을 분리하고 각각의 체적을 산출하기 위한 것이다. 일반적으로 치매나 다운증후군 같은 정신질환의 경우 백질 또는 회백질의 위축으로 인해 체적이 감소하게 되므로, 사람의 뇌에 대하여 백질과 회백질의 체적 산출을 통한 크기의 변화를 추적함으로서 여러 정신질환의 진단 및 조기 발견에 유용하게 이용될 수 있다. 그러나 일정한 두께의 단면을 촬영하여 단일의 명암 값으로 표현하는 자기공명영상기기의 특성상 번짐 현상을 보이는 자기공명영상으로부터 원래의 두께 안에 존재하는 각 성분의 부분체적을 산출할 수 없음으로 인해 백질과 회백질의 체적산출이 현재까지 불가능하였다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 번짐(blurred)을 보이는 자기공명영상에서 번진 명암 값을 해석하는 새로운 알고리즘에 의해 백질과 회백질의 부분체적을 산출하고, 이를 근거로 자기공명영상에서 백질과 회백질을 분리하기 위한 판별값을 결정하였으며, 결정된 판별값에 의해 분리된 영상에서 백질과 회백질의 체적을 산출하였다. 또한 제안된 알고리즘의 검증을 위해 인위적으로 생성된 모델에 알고리즘을 적용하여 산출된 결과를 원래의 모델과 비교하여 보았다.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.369-384
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• 2020

A wavefield sparse reconstruction technique based on compressed sensing is developed in this work to dramatically reduce the number of measurements. Firstly, a severely underdetermined representation of guided wavefield at a snapshot is established in the spatial domain. Secondly, an optimal compressed sensing model of guided wavefield sparse reconstruction is established based on l₁-norm penalty, where a suite of discrete cosine functions is selected as the dictionary to promote the sparsity. The regular, random and jittered undersampling schemes are compared and selected as the undersampling matrix of compressed sensing. Thirdly, a gradient projection method is employed to solve the compressed sensing model of wavefield sparse reconstruction from highly incomplete measurements. Finally, experiments with different excitation frequencies are conducted on an aluminum plate to verify the effectiveness of the proposed sparse reconstruction method, where a scanning laser Doppler vibrometer as the true benchmark is used to measure the original wavefield in a given inspection region. Experiments demonstrate that the missing wavefield data can be accurately reconstructed from less than 12% of the original measurements; The reconstruction accuracy of the jittered undersampling scheme is slightly higher than that of the random undersampling scheme in high probability, but the regular undersampling scheme fails to reconstruct the wavefield image; A quantified mapping relationship between the sparsity ratio and the recovery error over a special interval is established with respect to statistical modeling and analysis.

• 대한금속재료학회지
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• 제48권10호
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• pp.893-900
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• 2010

In the present work, the impact loads and their effects on the surface damage under the simultaneous cavitation bubble and solid particle collapses in the sea water have been quantitatively investigated for the austenitic 304 stainless steel by using a vibratory cavitation test device. To do this, angular $SiO_2$ solid particles with an average size of $150{\mu}m$ were dispersed into the test liquid, and the measured impact amplitudes were converted into the impact loads by a steel ball drop test. The maximum impact load was determined to be 28.2 N in the absence of solid particles, but increased to 33.7 N in the presence of solid particles. In addition, the critical impact loads, $L_{crit}$, required to generate pits with sizes greater than $3{\mu}m$ were measured to be 19.6 N and 16.6 N, respectively, for the cavitation bubble collapse and solid particle collapse. As a result of the cavitation erosion test, the incubation time and erosion rate were 1.2 times lower and 1.5 times higher, respectively, by a solid particle collapse compared to those only by the cavitation bubble collapse, indicating a drastic decrease in a resistance to cavitation erosion by the solid particle collapse.

• Advances in concrete construction
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.207-215
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• 2019

Application of nanotechnology can be used to tailor made cementitious composites owing to small dimension and physical behaviour of resulting hydration products. Because of high aspect ratio and extremely high strength, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are perfect reinforcing materials. Hence, there is a great prospect to use CNTs in developing new generation cementitious materials. In the present paper, a parametric study has been conducted on cementitious composites reinforced by two types of multi walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) designated as Type I CNT (10-20 nm outer dia.) and Type II CNT (30-50 nm outer dia.) with various concentrations ranging from 0.1% to 0.5% by weight of cement. To evaluate important properties such as flexural strength, strain to failure, elastic modulus and modulus of toughness of the CNT admixed specimens at different curing periods, flexural bending tests were performed. Results show that composites with Type II CNTs gave more strength as compared to Type I CNTs. The highest increase in strength (flexural and compressive) is of the order of 22% and 33%, respectively, compared to control samples. Modulus of toughness at 28 days showed highest improvement of 265% for Type II 0.3% CNT composites. It is obvious that an optimum percentage of CNT could exists for composites to achieve suitable reinforcement behaviour and desired strength properties. Based on the parametric study, a tentative optimum CNT concentration (0.3% by weight of cement) has been proposed. Scanning electron microscope image shows perfect crack bridging mechanism; several of the CNTs were shown to act as crack arrestors across fine cracks along with some CNTs breakage.

• Korean Journal of Ophthalmology
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• 제32권6호
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• pp.470-477
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• 2018

Purpose: To investigate the relationship between the progression of visual field (VF) loss and changes in lamina cribrosa depth (LCD) as determined by spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) enhanced depth imaging in patients with primary open angle glaucoma (POAG). Methods: Data from 60 POAG patients (mean follow-up, $3.5{\pm}0.7$ years) were included in this retrospective study. The LCD was measured in the optic disc image using SD-OCT enhanced depth imaging scanning at each visit. Change in the LCD was considered to either 'increase' or 'decrease' when the differences between baseline and the latest two consecutive follow-up visits were greater than the corresponding reproducibility coefficient value ($23.08{\mu}m$, as determined in a preliminary reproducibility study). All participants were divided into three groups: increased LCD (ILCD), decreased LCD (DLCD), and no LCD change (NLCD). The Early Manifest Glaucoma Trial criteria were used to define VF deterioration. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and Cox's proportional hazard models were performed to explore the relationship between VF progression and LCD change. Results: Of the 60 eyes examined, 35.0% (21 eyes), 28.3% (17 eyes), and 36.7% (22 eyes) were classified as the ILCD, DLCD, and NLCD groups, respectively. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed a greater cumulative probability of VF progression in the ILCD group than in the NLCD (p < 0.001) or DLCD groups (p = 0.018). Increased LCD was identified as the only risk factor for VF progression in the Cox proportional hazard models (hazard ratio, 1.008; 95% confidence interval, 1.000 to 1.015; p = 0.047). Conclusions: Increased LCD was associated with a greater possibility of VF progression. The quantitative measurement of LCD changes, determined by SD-OCT, is a potential biomarker for the prediction of VF deterioration in patients with POAG.

• 한국방사선학회논문지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.169-174
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• 2019

$^{99m}Tc$을 이용하는 검사를 받고 CT 검사를 진행했을 때 CT 영상에 $^{99m}Tc$이 미치는 변화에 대하여 정량적으로 알아보고자 하였다. Resolution phantom과 Water phantom에 $^{99m}Tc$ 740 MBq를 주입 전 후 80 kVp와 120 kVp로 관전압을 변화시켜 CT Scan하였다. 연구결과 $^{99m}Tc$ 주입 전 후 신호강도는 각각 0.173, 0.241의 감소하였으며, 공간분해능은 각각 0.090, 0.109로 증가하였다. CT 촬영을 $^{99m}Tc$의 유효 반감기를 고려하여 $^{99m}Tc$의 감마선이 CT에 영향을 미치지 않도록 일정한 시간 후 진행함으로 영상의 변화를 줄일 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국지구과학회지
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• 제39권6호
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• pp.568-574
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• 2018

흑요석 내 미세결정은 화산암질 마그마의 과냉각 조건에서 정출된 아주 작은 결정이다. 백두산, 일본 규슈와 홋카이도, 그리고 이태리 리파리 섬에서 산출되는 흑요석을 대상으로 그 내부에 포함된 미세결정의 형태와 조직을 전자현미경을 사용하여 관찰하여 정리하였다. 전자현미경의 후방산란전자 이미지로부터 관찰한 보다 자세한 미세결정에 대한 형태학적 분류는 기존의 광학현미경으로 얻을 수 없는 미세결정의 결정화에 대한 정보를 제공해 준다. 이 논문에서는 Clark (1961)의 미세결정 형태 분류 14가지 중에서 10가지에 대해 새로이 기재하였다. 즉, Lath, Crenulite, Bacillite, Margarite, Belonites, Trichites, Arculites, Furculite, Scopulites, Scopulitic growth 등의 미세결정에 대한 형태와 조직적 특징을 구체적으로 살펴보았다. 이런 기재적 연구로부터 향후 산성 마그마의 냉각과정동안 흑요석 내 미세결정의 결정 작용과 광물 공생관계를 밝히는데 활용될 것이다.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제46권5호
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• pp.399-404
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• 2019

Background The objectives of this study were to design polycaprolactone nanofibers with a radial pattern using a modified electrospinning method and to evaluate the effect of radial nanofiber deposition on mechanical and biological properties compared to non-patterned samples. Methods Radially patterned polycaprolactone nanofibers were prepared with a modified electrospinning method and compared with randomly deposited nanofibers. The surface morphology of samples was observed under scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The tensile properties of nanofibrous mats were measured using a tabletop uniaxial testing machine. Fluorescence-stained human bone marrow stem cells were placed along the perimeter of the radially patterned and randomly deposited. Their migration toward the center was observed on days 1, 4, and 7, and quantitatively measured using ImageJ software. Results Overall, there were no statistically significant differences in mechanical properties between the two types of polycaprolactone nanofibrous mats. SEM images of the obtained samples suggested that the directionality of the nanofibers was toward the central area, regardless of where the nanofibers were located throughout the entire sample. Florescence images showed stronger fluorescence inside the circle in radially aligned nanofibers, with significant differences on days 4 and 7, indicating that migration was quicker along radially aligned nanofibers than along randomly deposited nanofibers. Conclusions In this study, we successfully used modified electrospinning to fabricate radially aligned nanofibers with similar mechanical properties to those of conventional randomly aligned nanofibers. In addition, we observed faster migration along radially aligned nanofibers than along randomly deposited nanofibers. Collectively, the radially aligned nanofibers may have the potential for tissue regeneration in combination with stem cells.

• Tribology and Lubricants
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.99-105
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• 2019

This study presents an experimental investigation of the wear and oxidation of the bristles of a brush seal in a super-heated steam environment. We construct a model reflecting normal force and radial interference to predict the amount of wear. To monitor the volume loss of the bristle induced by the swirl phenomenon of the rotor, we measure the clearance between the rotor and the brush seal by using a non-contact 3-D device. We calculate the area by using the area-wise measurement method. Considering the obvious brush seal wear variables, we use two disks with different roughness($Ra=0.1{\mu}m$ and $100{\mu}m$) to determine the effect of roughness on wear. Considering an actual steam turbine, we utilize a steam generator and super-heater to generate a working fluid (0.95MPa, 523.15K) that has high kinetic energy. We observe the abrasion of the bristles in the hot steam environment through a scanning electron microscope image. This study also conducted energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis for a qualitative evaluation of local chemistry. The results indicate that the wear and elimination of bristles occur on the disk with high roughness, and the weight increases due to oxidation. Furthermore these results, reveal that the bristle oxidation is accelerated more under super-heated steam conditions than under conditions without steam.

• Composites Research
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.47-50
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• 2021

본 논문은 차량에 사용되는 B필러의 강화재를 기존의 스틸 소재에서 CFRP(Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastics)와 GFRP(Glass Fiber Reinforced Plastics)로 대체하여 경량화하는 것이 목표다. 이를 위해서는 무게는 감소시키면서 기존 B필러를 대체할 수 있는 구조안정성을 확보해야 한다. 기존 B필러는 스틸 아우터(outer)를 포함하여 다양한 형상의 스틸 강화재로 구성되며, 이와 같은 스틸 강화재 중 2가지의 스틸 강화재를 복합재로 대체하고자 한다. 이와 같은 스틸 강화재는 강화재 각각을 따로 제작하여 용접을 통해 결합되지만, 복합재 강화재는 패치(patch) 형태의 CFRP와 리브(rib) 구조의 GFRP를 활용하여 압축과 사출 공정을 통해 한번에 제작된다. CFRP는 B필러의 고강도부에 부착되어 측면 하중에 저항하도록 하였으며, GFRP 리브는 위상 최적화(Topology optimization) 기법을 통해 비틀림과 측면 하중을 저항하도록 설계하였다. 구조해석을 통해 기존 스틸 강화재와 비교 분석을 수행하였고, 경량화율을 산출하였다.