• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제25권6호
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• pp.1-11
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• 2022

Recently, climate change has been regarded as a major cause of large-scale forest fires worldwide, and there is concern that more frequent and severe forest fires will occur due to the level of greenhouse gas emissions. In this study, the daily Keetch and Byram Drought Index (KBDI) of the Baekdudaegan in Chungcheong region including Sobaeksan, Songnisan, and Woraksan National Parks were calculated to assess effect of climate change on the forest fire potential- severity of annual maximum KBDI and frequency of high KBDI days. The present (2000~2019) and future KBDI(2021~2040, 2041~2060, 2081~2090) were calculated based on the meteorological observation and the ensemble regional climate model of the SSP1-2.6 and SSP5-8.5 scenarios with a spatial resolution of 1-km provided by Korea Meteorological Administration(KMA). Under the SSP5-8.5 scenario, 6.5℃ increase and 14% precipitation increase are expected at the end of the 21st century. The severity of maximum daily KBDI increases by 48% (+50mm), and the frequency of high KBDI days (> 100 KBDI) increases more than 100 days, which means the high potential for serious forest fires. The analysis results showed that Songnisan National Park has the highest potential for forest fire risk and will continue to be high in intensity and frequency in the future. It is expected that the forest vulnerability of the Baekdudaegan in the Chungcheong region will greatly increase and the difficulty in preventing and suppressing forest fires will increase as the abundance of combustible materials increases along with climate changes.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• 제52권3호
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• pp.303-308
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• 2022

Purpose: This technical report aims to describe and detail the use of micro-computed tomography for a reliable evaluation of the bulk-fill composite/tooth interface. Materials and Methods: Bulk-fill composite restorations in tooth cavities were scanned using micro-computed tomography to obtain qualitatively and quantitatively valuable information. Two-dimensional information was processed using specific algorithms, and ultimately a 3-dimensional (3D) specimen reconstruction was generated. The 3D rendering allowed the visualization of voids inside bulk-fill composite materials and provided quantitative measurements. The 3D analysis software VG Studio MAX was used to perform image analysis and assess gap formation within the tooth-restoration interface. In particular, to evaluate internal adaptation, the Defect Analysis addon module of VG Studio Max was used. Results: The data, obtained with the processing software, highlighted the presence and the shape of gaps in different colours, representing the volume of porosity within a chromatic scale in which each colour quantitatively represents a well-defined volume. Conclusion: Micro-computed tomography makes it possible to obtain several quantitative parameters, providing fundamental information on defect shape and complexity. However, this technique has the limit of not discriminating materials without radiopacity and with low or no filler content, such as dental adhesives, and hence, they are difficult to visualise through software reconstruction.

• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수자원학회 2023년도 학술발표회
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• pp.48-48
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• 2023

The intensified droughts under climate change are expected to threaten stable water resource availability. Droughts exceeding the magnitude of historical variability could occur increasingly frequently under future climate conditions. It is crucial to understand how drought will evolve over time because the assumption of hydrological stationarity of the past decades would be inappropriate for future water resources management. However, the timing of the emergence of unprecedented drought conditions under climate change has rarely been examined. Here, using multimodel hydrological simulations, we investigate the changes in the frequency of hydrological drought (defined as abnormally low river discharge) under high and low greenhouse gas concentration scenarios and with existing water resources management and estimate the timing of the first emergence of unprecedented regional drought conditions that persist for over several consecutive years. This new metric enables a new quantification of the urgency of adaptation and mitigation with regard to drought under climate change. The times are detected for several sub-continental-scale regions, and three regions, namely, southwestern South America, Mediterranean Europe, and northern Africa, exhibit particularly robust and earlier critical times under the high-emission scenario. These three regions are expected to confront unprecedented conditions within the next 30 years with a high likelihood, regardless of the emission scenarios. In addition, the results obtained herein demonstrate the benefits of the lower-emission pathway in reducing the likelihood of emergence. The Paris Agreement goals are shown to be effective in reducing the likelihood to the unlikely level in most regions. Nevertheless, appropriate and prior adaptation measures are considered indispensable to when facing unprecedented drought conditions. The results of this study underscore the importance of improving drought preparedness within the considered time horizons.

• 영재교육연구
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.427-450
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• 2012

이 연구의 목적은 초등영재아동을 위한 자기보고식 지혜 척도를 개발하는 것이다. 본 연구에서는 지혜와 관련된 문헌고찰과 지혜 특질에 대한 개방형 질문지를 통해 상황판단 및 문제해결력, 의사소통능력 및 기술, 정서적 안정감, 통찰과 적응 등의 4가지 요인을 바탕으로 총 42 문항의 초등학생용 지혜 척도를 개발하였다. 이를 위해 수도권 소재 지역공동영재학급 소속 초등영재아동 215명을 대상으로 예비연구를 실시하였으며, 본 검사는 256명을 대상으로 실시하였다. 연구결과, 측정모형 적합도는 ${\chi}^2$=1596.46 (df=813, p=.00), TLI .90, CFI .91, RMSEA .046으로 양호한 적합도를 나타내었으며, 각 하위요인별 내적합치도 역시 상황판단 및 문제해결력 .86, 의사소통능력 및 기술 .87, 정서적 안정감 .89, 통찰과 적응 .87로 양호한 것으로 나타났다. 또한 지혜 척도의 타당도를 검증하기 위해 지혜와 관련 있다고 여겨지는 심리적 특성 간의 상관분석을 통해 수렴 및 변별타당도를 확보하였다. 그 결과 본 연구에서 개발한 초등영재아동을 위한 지혜 척도는 비교적 타당하고 신뢰로운 척도로 확인되었다. 분석결과에 대해 본 연구의 의의와 실용적 함의 및 한계에 대해 논의하고, 후속 연구에 대한 제안을 기술하였다.

• 한국농림기상학회지
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.221-232
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• 2009

본 연구는 겨울철 휴면심도와 동해유발온도를 기반으로 작성된 복숭아 나무 '장호원황도' 품종의 휴면지에 대한 동해위험지수 계산식을 고해상도 전자기후도와 결합하여 현재평년(1971-2000년)의 기후조건에서 동해위험의 지역적 분포를 파악하였다. 이를 기준으로 두고 기후변화 시나리오에 근거한 미래 3개 평년(2011-2040년, 2041-2070년, 2071-2100년)의 기온자료에 동일한 방법을 적용하여 얻은 동해위험지수와 비교함으로써 기후변화에 따른 이들 위험지역의 이동을 경관규모에서 추적하였다. 현재평년(1971-2000년) 기후조건에서는 전 국토의 4%가 안전지대, 88%가 동해 위험 경계지대, 8%가 위험지대로 탐색되었다. 시나리오 기후조건에서는 가까운 미래(2011-2040년)와 먼 미래(2041-2100년)에 모두 경계지대가 줄어드는 반면 안전지대와 위험지대가 다같이 증가하였다. 이 방법은 경기도 이천, 경북 청도 등 복숭아 주산지 내의 위험지대를 경관규모에서 탐색하는 데도 이용될 수 있음이 확인되었으므로 앞으로 농업분야 기후변화 영향평가 및 취약성 분석에 기여할 것으로 기대된다.

• 한국심리학회지:학교
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.145-164
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• 2020

본 연구는 진로적응모형의 진로적응반응을 측정하기 위해 개발된 학생 진로구성척도를 한국어로 번안하고 국내 대학생을 대상으로 타당화하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 진로구성척도의 요인구조를 확인하고 대학생과 대학원생 집단의 측정동일성을 검증하였으며, 내적일치도 및 재검사 신뢰도를 평가하고 진로관련 척도들과의 준거관련 타당도를 살펴보았다. 총 294명의 연구참여자는 번안된 진로구성척도(Student Career Construction Inventory)와 진로적응성 척도(Career Adaptability Scale) 및 진로정체성 척도를 온라인 설문으로 작성하였다. 재검사 신뢰도 검증을 위해 125명의 참여자가 3개월 후 진로구성척도 설문에 같은 방식으로 참여하였다. 검사 결과 원척도와 동일한 18문항 4요인 구조가 지지되었으며, 대학생과 대학원생의 측정동일성이 지지되었다. 내적 일치도 및 재검사 신뢰도 역시 적절한 수준으로 나타났다. 진로구성척도는 진로적응성과 정적인 상관을 보였으며, 다차원적 진로정체성의 탐색 및 몰입 차원과는 정적상관을, 재고 차원과는 부적 상관을 나타내었다. 단일차원의 진로정체성과도 정적인 상관이 나타났다. 본 결과는 한국판 학생 진로구성척도가 원척도와 유사한 심리측정적 속성을 가지고 있으며 대학생과 대학원생 모두에게 사용될 수 있음을 시사한다.

• 한국보건간호학회지
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.79-99
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• 1990

This study was conducted to identify the family problems of the in-patients and to analize factors Influencing to the family problems. The subjects for this study were 277 family members those who were giving care for the adult patients during hospitalized in general wards at Seoul National University Hospital in Seoul. Data were collected through interviews with the questionnaire from September second to September twentieth in 1989. The instrument used for this study was the family problems scale which was developed by the researcher. Analysis of data was done by frequency, percent, mean, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson-Correlation Coefficients, and Stepwise Multiple Regression Analysis. The results of this study are summarized as follows: 1. General characteristics of the care-giver in family. The average age of care-givers was 37.9 years, and the $26.4\%$ of monthly Income of family was 310,000-500,000 won group. The $93.5\%$ of family had taken the responsibility of caring for the patients instead of hiring the care-givers, and the $12.3\%$of the care-givers complained weakning of health status during care giving for the patients. The spouse took the largest part of responsibility of the care-giving services to the patient among the family members. 2. General characteristics of the patients. The average age of patient was 47 years, and the $80.9\%$ of patient was married status. The $39\%$ of patient was father in the position of family, and the $41.5\%$ had the responsibility to support their family before hospitalization. The average hospitalization period of patient was 24.3 day and the $50.9\%$ had admission experience. 3. The factors of family problems which were faced by the family were classified into six problems. The factors of family problems were ranked as follows; the first rank problem was related to care-giving for the patients. the second problem was resulted from the patients diseases, the theirds problem was related with adaptation to the hospital enviroments, the fourth problem was related to the arisen conflicts with medical team. the fifth problem was related to the change of family function. and the sixth problem was the financial problem. 4. The relationship between the family problems and the general charateristics of the care-givers showed that the nuclear type family was higher the family problems, that the admission period of patients became longer, and that the family who had the worse condition of health status of the care givers during care giving for the patients. From the above results, it was confirmed that the family care giving for patients was faced with some problems resulted from patient's illness, relation to the medical team, adaptation to the hospital enviroment, financial problem. change of family function, and care-giving for patients.

• 한국심리학회지 : 문화 및 사회문제
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.19-44
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• 2014

본 연구는 다요인인성검사 II를 활용하여 여성 새터민들의 성격적 특성을 살펴보고, 이를 토대로 서로 구별되는 성격유형을 추출하는 것을 목적으로 하고 있다. 이를 위해 여성새터민 163명을 대상으로 연구가 진행되었으며 총 158개의 자료가 최종 분석되었다. 그 결과를 살펴보면 첫째, 자아강도, 자기통제성, 대담성, 불안성 척도에서 65T이상에 해당하는 비율이 타 척도에 비해 높게 나타난 한편 실리성과 진보성 척도에서는 34T이하에 속하는 비율이 타 척도에 비해 높게 나타났다. 둘째, 연령 및 거주기간에 따른 다요인인성검사 T점수 간 차이를 살펴본 결과, 연령 및 거주기간에 따라 유의한 차이를 보이고 있었다. 마지막으로, 다요인인성검사 T점수 프로파일을 토대로 여성새터민의 성격유형을 분류한 결과, 3개의 군집이 추출되었다. 제 1군은 정서적 불안정성과 부정적 정서성(높은 예민성, 불안성, 자책성)을 주요 특성으로 하고 있다. 제 2군은 적절한 대인관계를 형성하고, 유지하는 것이 어려우며, 남한사회의 규범이나 규칙을 지키는 것을 불편해하거나 남한사회의 빠른 변화를 싫어하는 보수적인 경향이 있는 것으로 드러났다. 제 3군은 정서적으로 안정적이고, 자아가 성숙되며, 적절하고 친밀한 대인관계를 맺는 것이 주요한 특성으로, 다른 두 군집에 비해 심리적으로 건강하고, 남한사회에 대한 적응정도도 높았다. 각각의 군집은 심리적응척도(자아정체감과 적응유연성) 간에도 유의한 차이가 있는 것으로 드러났다. 이상의 결과는 향후 여성새터민의 안정적 정착을 위한 심리적·정책적 개입 방안을 모색하는데 기여할 수 있을 것이라 기대한다.

• 농촌지도와개발
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.209-225
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• 2006

According to shift of the political focus from agricultural productivity to social development, it has been increased importance of local leader in rural society. Especially rural women leader's role has been increased not only in agricultural business but also in social activity of locality. Although a lot of leadership study related to rural community development, it has been very scarcely study about leader's action in pattern or doing in style based on psychological scale. Therefore this a kind of pilot study on that. For this data, it was gathered from 24 female farmer leaders of a federation group in 2005. In this study, to define the action in pattern or doing in style of leader, it was adopted to Ozasz Yoshihisa's scale which is consisted of 40 items into 8 types. From analysis of female farmer leader's action in pattern or doing in style, most of them were belong to volunteer type, generalist type, farmer type. This menas most of them were head toward maintenance of the present status, keeping one's balance, adaptation oneself to new environment, or acceptance the logic of events, not trying to innovate. But it was not clear that any variable has a relation in the action in pattern or the doing in style, for definition of variables, it should be more detailed study.

• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.171-181
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• 2002

Purpose: To provide the basic data for nursing intervention to improve the psychosocial adaptation of unemployed homeless by examining the degree of self-esteem, depression. and hope, and the relation of these variables. Method: The subjects were a volunteer sample of 218 unemployed homeless residing at 2 shelters in Seoul and Suwon, Korea. The instruments for this study were Rosenberg's self-esteem scale, Beck's depression inventory, and Miller and Powers's hope scale. Using the SPSS program, the data were analysed by frequency, percentage, t-test, ANOVA, Duncan test and Pearson Correlation Coefficient. Result: 1) The degree of self-esteem is, on average, 23.72 points, depression is 24.41 points, and hope is 124.72 points. 2) The degree of self-esteem in the general characteristics of the subjects showed a significant difference by age, marital status, and contact with family. 3) The degree of depression in the general characteristics of the subjects showed a significant difference by age, marital status, and contact with family. 4) The degree of hope in the general characteristics of the subjects showed a significant difference by contact with family. 5) There was a significant positive correlation between the variables of self-esteem and hope, while there was a significant negative correlation between the variables of self-esteem and depression, and hope and depression. Conclusion: 1) The study identifies psychological characteristics of the homeless. 2) It is required not only to develop nursing intervention programs to improve the degree of self-esteem and hope, and alleviate depression but also to testify the effect of the program. 3) It is needed to develop nursing intervention programs to prevent chronic homelessness.