• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
• /
• v.45 no.5
• /
• pp.723-730
• /
• 2016

In this study, we developed traditional liquor, Omegisul, with seaweeds to support the regional culture of Jeju Island in manufacturing traditional liquors. Seaweed extracts from Sargassum fulvellum and Hizikia fusiformis were added for manufacturing Omegisul at a final concentration of either 5 or 10% and fermented for 10 days. During fermentation, samples were collected to measure changes in quality of Omegisul including pH, acidity, alcohol content, chromaticity, total microbes, organic acid content, and antioxidant activity. Both pH and acidity of Omegisul were significantly altered in the early stages of fermentation. Alcohol contents increased over the fermentation period up to 9%. Regarding chromaticity of the product, L, a, and b values were highest in Omegisul with 10% Hizikia fusiformis. Both total plate count and lactic acid bacterial count tended to increase in the early stage of fermentation and decrease later, reaching their highest points in Omegisul with 10% Hizikia fusiformis at 10 days: $1.45{\times}10^8CFU/mL$ and $2.21{\times}10^8CFU/mL$, respectively (P<0.05). Among organic acids, lactic acid contents were significantly higher during fermentation with the highest concentration of 7.474 mg/mL in Omegisul containing 10% Sargassum fulvellum. 1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) radical scavenging assays showed that antioxidant activity of Omegisul was increased during fermentation period. Among the samples, Omegisul with 10% Sargassum fulvellum showed the highest antioxidant activities of 69.81% and 81.61% in DPPH and ABTS assays, respectively. Taken together, Omegisul with 10% Sargassum fulvellum showed better characteristics in terms of quality than the other groups and has potential as functional Omegisul.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
• /
• v.9 no.3
• /
• pp.155-162
• /
• 1976

Forty one samples from thirty three species of algae (19 from 15 species of Rhodophyceae, 18 from 14 species of Phaeophyceae, 3 from 3 species of Chlorophyceae, and 1 of marine Phanerogams) collected from several locations on the east, west and south coast of Korea, were analyzed for their contents of crude protein, fat, cellulose, ash, nitrogen free extract, amino nitrogen, and total amino acids. For the examination of extractability of algal protein with water, 4 species of algae, Sargassum thunberggi, Grateloupia filicina, Phyllospadix japonica, and Sargassum confusum, were analyzed. And the effect of some precipitation treatments for isolation of algal protein was also tested. As a matter of fact, Rhodophyceae showed high content in crude protein and low in crude fat while the case was opposite for Phaeophyceae and Chlorophyceae. Refering to the content of crude protein and total amino acids, the recommendable algae for protein sources were Sargassum thunbergii, Acrosorium flabellata, Phacelocarpus japonicus, Laurencia okamurai, Laurencia intermedia, Grateloupia filicina, Chondrus ocellatus, Gloiopeltis furcata, Gigartina tenella, Dictyota dichotoma, and Scytosiphon lomentaria. Methanol treatment appeared most effective in precipitation isolation of protein from water extracts whereas pH control method did not so beneficial. The precipitation rate of protein was particularity higher in the extract of Sargassum confusum ana the lowest was makted from the extract of Sargassum thunbergii.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
• /
• v.25 no.6
• /
• pp.990-998
• /
• 2015

The aim of this study was to examine the cytotoxicity and potential inhibitory effects from four types of edible domestic brown seaweeds, Undaria pinnatifida (UP), Laminaria japonica (LJ), Sargassum fulvellum (SF), and Hizikia fusiforme (HF), on preadipocyte differentiation in 3T3-L1 cell line. Water and ethanol extracts from the four types of seaweeds were prepared and tested for cell viability in the 3T3-L1 cell line by using MTT assay. In addition, various doses of the water extract of seaweeds (WES) and ethanol extract of seaweeds (EES) were treated at the beginning of 3T3-L1 differentiation and continued until the cells were fully differentiated to adipocytes. Oil Red-O staining was performed to determine the potential cell differentiation inhibitory effects of the WES and EES by measuring the levels of lipid droplet accumulation in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. $PPAR{\gamma}$ mRNA expression levels were significantly reduced by WESs of UP, LJ, and HF as well as EESs of LJ and HF. As a result, we observed the superior cell differentiation inhibitory effects of WES compared to that of EES in a dose-dependent manner without any significant cytotoxicity in mouse adipocytes.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
• /
• v.20 no.10
• /
• pp.24.1-24.8
• /
• 2017

The experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of different algae in diet on growth, survival, and interleukin-10 productions of sea cucumber. At first, a 9-week feeding trail was conducted to evaluate the growth performance and survival of the sea cucumber fed one of the six experimental diets containing ST (Sargassum thunbergii), UL (Ulva lactuca), UP (Undaria pinnatifida), LJ (Laminaria japonica), SS (Schizochytrium sp.), and NO (Nannochloropsis oculata) in a recirculating aquaculture system. The result showed that survival was not significantly different among the dietary treatments, and the specific growth rate (SGR) of sea cucumber fed the UL diet ($1.58%d^{-1}$) was significantly higher than that of sea cucumber fed the other diets (P < 0.05), except for the LJ and NO diets. Secondly, interleukin (IL)-10 gene expression was determined where mice splenocytes were stimulated with $10{\mu}g\;ml^{-1}$ of sea cucumber extracts for 2 h. The result showed that IL-10 gene expression levels were significantly increased in UL, LJ, and NO diets fed sea cucumber extracts compared to other experimental diets. The results suggest that dietary inclusion with Ulva lactuca, Laminaria japonica, and Nannochloropsis oculata algae may improve the growth of juvenile sea cucumber and could upregulate IL-10 gene expression in mice splenocytes. Such detailed information could be helpful in further development of more appropriate diets for sea cucumber culture.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
• /
• v.42 no.4
• /
• pp.431-437
• /
• 2010

This study was carried out to determine the effect of gamma irradiation (3-20 kGy) on the antioxidant, antimicrobial activities and physical characteristics of Sargassum thunbergii (ST) extracts. When ST powder was treated by gamma irradiation, the yields and total phenolic compounds (TPC) of water extracts were increased, but radical scavenging activities were not changed. When ST extract was irradiated, the TPC and DPPH radical scavenging activities were increased. In addition, gamma irradiation of ST extract decreased viscosity and removed color. These results suggest that gamma irradiation would be a useful method for improving the physical characteristics of ST extract while maintaining native biological activities.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
• /
• v.37 no.3
• /
• pp.357-361
• /
• 2008

In this study, the antioxidant properties and physical characteristics of irradiated Sargassum siliquastrum water extract were evaluated. Samples were irradiated with $Co^{60}{\gamma}$-ray at doses ranging from 3 to 20 kGy. They were then analyzed to investigate antioxidant properties, including total phenolic compound content and DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging activity. In addition, physical properties such as viscosity and color were evaluated. The results demonstrated that total phenolic compound content and DPPH radical scavenging activity were significantly improved (p<0.05) by irradiation. In terms of physical properties, viscosity and color were reduced in the irradiated extracts as compared to non-irradiated samples. In conclusion, gamma irradiation improved the antioxidant properties of Sargassum siliquastrum water extract, improving its original weak point as a natural antioxidant when applied in the food industry.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
• /
• v.41 no.4
• /
• pp.443-449
• /
• 2012

This study was conducted to investigate the antioxidant and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitory activities of extracts from various seaweed. The extracts of $Sargassum$ $thunbergii$ (91.3%), $Polysiphonia$ $morrowii$ (90.7%), $Ecklonia$ $cava$ (89.9%), and $Artemisia$ $fukudo$ (85.9%) showed over 80% high radical scavenging activities at the final concentration of 40 ${\mu}g$/mL. The $Artemisia$ $fukudo$ extract showed the highest inhibition activity of 30.2% on AChE at the final concentration of 10 ${\mu}g$/mL. The extract of $Porphyra$ $tenera$, $Costaria$ $costata$, $Monostroma$ $nitidum$, $Ecklonia$ $cava$, and $Agarum$ $clathratum$ against AChE at a concentration of 10 ${\mu}g$/mL exhibited inhibition of 26.6%, 25.3%, 23.4%, 21.7%, 20.4% and 19.9%, respectively. The bioautography results showed that the mixtures of structurally diverse compounds were thought to affect AChE inhibitory activity. These results suggest that extracts from seaweed with their high quality components may be effective in the prevention of Alzheimer's disease and may be used to develop various functional food products.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
• /
• v.31 no.3
• /
• pp.195-213
• /
• 2019

The purpose of this study was to identify novel extracts of brawn algae with the high deodorant capacity and antioxidant activity. To achieves this, an composition, deodorant performance and free radical scavenging activity were analyzed in powder and water extracts of Ecklonia cava(PEC/EEC), Saccharina japonica(PSJ/ESJ), Eisenia bicyclis(PEB/EEB), Sargassum spp.(PSS/ESS) and Hizikia fusiformis(PHF/EHF) using several analytical methods. Major component of five powders was verified as PEC, phlorotannin; PSJ, alginic acid and glutamic acid; PEB, carotenoid, chlorophyll, phlorotannin, tocopherol and fucoxantin; PSS, ${\beta}$-carotene and polyphenol; PHF, tannin. The highest level of DPPH scavenging activity was detected in EEC($IC_{50}=23.018{\mu}g/ml$), followed by EEB, ESJ, EHF and ESS. The deodorizing performance to ammonia was maintained high level in PEC, PSJ, PEB and PSS, while PHF showed low level in the same condition. But, the deodorizing performance to acetic acid was slightly higher in PSJ and PEC than those of PEB, PSS and PHF. Based on the results of DPPH scavenging activity and deodorizing capacity, we selected fractions of S. japonica as leading extracts and further prepared the 70% acetone extract (AESJ) and 70% ethanol extract (EESJ) from PSJ. The contents of total flavonoid, total phenol and total condensed tannin was significantly increased with 112-209% in AESJ and EESJ compared to those of ESJ. Also, a similar enhancement was observed on the level of DPPH scavenging activity and deodorizing performance against ammonia/acetic acid in AESJ and EESJ. Therefore, these results suggest that AESJ and EESJ contained with high total phenol and total condensed tannin contents may exhibit high deodorant capacity and antioxidant activity as well as has the potential for use as a powerful biomaterial for antibacterial deodorant.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
• /
• v.9 no.1
• /
• pp.15-22
• /
• 1980

In this study, two species of algae, Ecklonia stolonifera, Sargassum thunbergii and one species of marine plant, Zostera marina(rhizoid and stem) were collected and extamined to determine the extractability of water soluble protein and the influences of various factors including extraction time, temperature, ratio of sample vs solvent and pH upon the extractability were tested. The effects of precipitation treatments for isolation of algal protein from the extracts(TCA treatment, methanol treatment and pH control) were also tested. Amino nitrogen and total nitrogen of purified samples made by obtained optimum conditions were estimated. The effect of the ratio of sample vs solvent on extractability differed from species to species which was enhances at 1:100(w/v) in Sargassum thunbergii and Zostera marina while 1:150(w/v) for Ecklonia stolonifera. The effect of extraction time and temperature was revealed differently in all species which might be considered to be caused by differences in the constitution of algal tissues. But in case of TCA insoluble nitrogen, it was showed the maximum extractability at $40-50^{\circ}C$ for 1 hour extraction. The optimum pH for the ext action of total nitrogen was 9-12 while the optimum pH was 6-7 for TCA insoluble nitrogen. And the pH control appeared to be most effective in the influence of precipitation treatment for isolation of algal protein.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
• /
• v.53 no.5
• /
• pp.535-543
• /
• 2021

Particulate matter (PM) causes oxidative stress and can rapidly diffuse from the lung to the blood and accumulate in the liver when inhaled. Natural antioxidants can be used to protect against oxidative stress caused by PM. Sargassum horneri, a brown seaweed, possesses antioxidative activity and is a good source of functional foods. Therefore, this study investigated the antioxidant potential of S. horneri extract (SHE) in the livers of PM-induced asthmatic mice. PM inhalation triggered lipid peroxidation and oxidative stress, and SHE treatment attenuated malondialdehyde in the liver of mice with PM-induced asthma. Furthermore, SHE mitigated the increase in catalase activity. Importantly, SHE reduced the activity of 8-oxoguanine glycosylase (OGG1), a DNA repair enzyme. These results suggest that SHE has antioxidant potential for moderating PM-induced oxidative stress and DNA damage in the liver of asthmatic mice.