• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.281-290
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• 2021

Objective: To assess the performance of content-based image retrieval (CBIR) of chest CT for diffuse interstitial lung disease (DILD). Materials and Methods: The database was comprised by 246 pairs of chest CTs (initial and follow-up CTs within two years) from 246 patients with usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP, n = 100), nonspecific interstitial pneumonia (NSIP, n = 101), and cryptogenic organic pneumonia (COP, n = 45). Sixty cases (30-UIP, 20-NSIP, and 10-COP) were selected as the queries. The CBIR retrieved five similar CTs as a query from the database by comparing six image patterns (honeycombing, reticular opacity, emphysema, ground-glass opacity, consolidation and normal lung) of DILD, which were automatically quantified and classified by a convolutional neural network. We assessed the rates of retrieving the same pairs of query CTs, and the number of CTs with the same disease class as query CTs in top 1-5 retrievals. Chest radiologists evaluated the similarity between retrieved CTs and queries using a 5-scale grading system (5-almost identical; 4-same disease; 3-likelihood of same disease is half; 2-likely different; and 1-different disease). Results: The rate of retrieving the same pairs of query CTs in top 1 retrieval was 61.7% (37/60) and in top 1-5 retrievals was 81.7% (49/60). The CBIR retrieved the same pairs of query CTs more in UIP compared to NSIP and COP (p = 0.008 and 0.002). On average, it retrieved 4.17 of five similar CTs from the same disease class. Radiologists rated 71.3% to 73.0% of the retrieved CTs with a similarity score of 4 or 5. Conclusion: The proposed CBIR system showed good performance for retrieving chest CTs showing similar patterns for DILD.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.16 no.12
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• pp.533-540
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to use the data from the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service to analyze the disagreement in disease coding given by different medical institutions on the same disease of the same patient and provide basic data that could help improve the quality of national public health statistics. 9,976,826 patients' data records from the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service-National Patient Sample (HIRA-NPS) of 2014 were analyzed. The disagreement in disease coding differed by movement paths for medical institutions; the disagreement rate tended to increase when moving from a medical institution other than public health centers to a public health center and decrease remarkably when moving from a specialized general hospital to another. Therefore, this analysis of disagreement in disease coding among medical institutions suggests the need to supplement the system so that domestic medical institutions can realize consistent disease coding.

• Health Policy and Management
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.66-79
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• 1992

The code of the International Classification of Disease(ICD) is seriously questioned on its effectiveness in identifing an independent disease entity from similar conditions at general practitioner's offices. This study has attempted to show individual coding variations in ICD for similar ambulatory care conditions. It has been assumed that a following outpatient visit is regarded as the sane kind of visit owing to the same disease if a visit to the different source of care would be mad within an interval of less than two days. The 'D' health insurance association was selected for this analysis. The 'D' association had 153,298 members and made claims of 642,605 outpatient care in 1990. Out of the total outpatient claims, 8.6%(55,102 claims) were counted as the same disease which could meet the above assumption. Percent of conditions classified as the 10 leading causes of frequent visits which were matched accurately to the subsequent ICD diagnostic code found to be 15.8% on the average. The URI was noted for the highest concurrence rate of 20.4%. This proportion was even decreased to 11.6% on the case of chronic disease. Despite the fact that the assumption underlying the definition of the above same disease is rather rough and inappropriate, this study reveals that the code of ICD currently in use has weaknesses in seperating a certain independent disease from similar conditions at the outpatient setting. Thus, efforts need to be elaborated to meet the need of a new system of classification for conditions and diseases encountering at ambulatory care.

• Journal of Korean Medical classics
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.97-105
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• 2009

We in this paper have constructed herb and formula ontologies. Herb instances and formula instances can be distinguished by nature, used part, effect, disease pattern, symptom, and formula and constituent herb, dosage, effect, disease pattern, symptom, and medical book, respectively. The knowledge for herbs and formulas in ontology is formalized with the distinguishable elements and their relations. Based on the herb and formula ontologies, we propose the three reasoning rules as follows: In herb ontology, the relation between herb and disease can be reasoned if there are the relation between herb and effect, and effect and disease. In formula ontology, there are two reasoning rules. First, if each constituent herb, dosage, effect, disease pattern, and symptom of two formulas is same, it can be reasoned that two formulas are same though the medical books of the formulas are different. Second, if each constituent herb and dosage is same in two formula, it can be reasoned that each formula has all of effects, disease patterns, and symptoms of formulas. In future study, we study other ontologies such as disease ontology with respect to Korean Medicine and define the reasoning rules about the ontologies.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.44 no.4
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• pp.382-390
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• 1999

In order to identify the responses of Korean soybean cultivars to sudden death syndrome (SDS), forty-two Korean cultivars and three check cultivars (Hartwig and PI 520733 are resistant; Hartz 6686 is susceptible) were tested with sorghum seed inoculum infested with Fusarium solani f. sp. glycines isolate 171 in the greenhouse. This isolate has blue pigment cultural shape on potato dextrose agar (PDA) medium. All Korean cultivars inoculated with F. solani isolate 171 showed the typical SDS symptoms and disease severity on soybean leaves in each cultivar varied at 4 weeks after inoculation. Nine cultivars were included in the most SDS susceptible group and six cultivars were included in the most susceptible group based on Duncan＇s multiple range tests (P$\leq$0.05). In results of the LSD analysis for SDS the resistant group, a total of twenty-five Korean cultivars were included in the same SDS resistant group as PI 520733 or Hartwig and fourteen Korean cultivars were included in the same SDS susceptible group as Hartz 6686. In the second experiment, ten Korean cultivars, ten U.S. cultivars, and one introduced line were compared in the same way as the first experiment Disease severity ranking of check cultivars, Hartwig, PI 520733, and Hartz 6686, were the same as in the first experiment. Within Korean cultivars, seven cultivars showed the consistent severity proportions of leaf symptoms. Disease rankings of these cultivars in this experiment were the same as those in the first experiment. Three US cultivars: Hartwig, Hartz 5454, and Forrest, three Korean cultivars： Keunolkong, Myeongjunamulkong, and Jinpumkong 2, and one introduced line, PI 520733, were included in the highest SDS resistant group. Shinphaldalkong 2, Milyang 87, and Samnamkong consistently showed the highest SDS susceptibility in both experiments. Average disease severity in the first and the second experiment were 49.56% and 45.39%, respectively.

• Journal of Society of Preventive Korean Medicine
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.25-32
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• 2018

Objectives : This study was conducted to investigate the frequent diseases among the people who had been treated by collaborative treatment of Korean medicine and Western medicine, and to compare their medical use behaviors before and after the collaborative first-stage pilot project between Korean medicine and Western medicine. Methods : 4,467 patients were identified as the patients who are participated in the collaborative first-stage pilot project between Korean medicine and Western medicine during the period between July 15, 2016 and March 31 2017. We used 28,480 records of Korean national health insurance claim data from January 1 2016 to March 31 2017 to analyzed present condition of cooperative medical usage. Also we conducted a paired t test to compare the percentage of collaborative treatment days before and after the pilot project period. Results : We found that the most frequent diseases treated in the pilot project were the diseases of musculoskeletal and nervous system and then 10 major diseases such as H, K, J, C (D), N, L, E, A, H and F disease codes in order. Also it was confirmed that 14 major and 53 medium diseases are included from more than 90% of total patients. As a result of high frequency of medical treatment in Western medicine or Korean medicine is "administration of Korean medicine", which is same as before and within the pilot project. The ratio of utilizing both Western and Korean medical care for the same disease on the same day by both general patients and patients in KCD-7 disease code group C, G, I, M and S had been increased significantly. Conclusions : The pilot project might change the behavior of utilizing the medical care service by increasing the ratio of collaborative treatment of Western medicine and Korean medicine for the same disease on the same day.

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.119-135
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• 2005

Purpose : This study was investigated, in order to improve that reliability of disease mechanism diagnosis, which were used for the object diagnosis of Oriental medicine in the dept. of Oriental OB&GY, Oriental Medical hospital of Dong-Eui University, amend to a disease mechanism item of Questionnaires and indexes of disease mechanism, we were thought that the results were more pointed to the condition of appropriate disease mechanism, as a result of put a results of Questionnaires and belongs to indexes of disease mechanism together, we　suggested to call it a　'weight of disease mechanism', because It was possible to　mark a different degrees of indexes of disease mechanism in the same points.　Methods : We analyzed the results of Questionnaires about 3354 outpatients who　had OB&GY disease in the Oriental Medical hospital of Dong-Eui University from April 2000 to March 2004. Results : 1. weight of disease mechanism is 10 score according to disease mechanism score and the standard of reliability. 2. The standard of reliability is same 11 disease mechanism item except stagnated blood, cold syndrome, dry- ness, phlegm. Conclusion : Weight of disease mechanism which show satisfaction the conditions of standard of reliability, appear the results of Questionnaires, against previous study investigated reliability of Questionnaires make it through the standard of reliability.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.803-810
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• 1998

Pullorum disease caused by Salmonella pullorum, has been considered as one of the most important diseases in both clinically and economically in poultry industry since it had been firstly reported in 1925 in Korea. This disease is still problem in the industry in this country even though several attempts have been made to eradicate the disease. As one of the trials to solve the problem, we investigated the pattern of the outbreak of the disease, isolated the causative agent, S pullorum and tested biochemical properties, antimicrobial susceptibility and plasmid profiles of the isolates. Outbreak of the disease based on the species was the highest in layer followed by in Korean native chick, and broiler. Daily mean mortality in vertical transmission (0.90%) was higher than that in horizontal (0.14%). There was no seasonal difference in the outbreak. Also, biochemical properties and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of the isolates were same. However four different plasmid profiles of the isolates were observed. These results suggested that S pullorum isolates were different in the genotype while they were same in phenotypes.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.44 no.6
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• pp.1271-1278
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• 2023

Objective: The 19 Mechanisms of Disease were first described in Huangdi Neijing. When examining Yixuexinwu, three descriptions that were different from Huangdi Neijing were found. Methods and Results: After examining the two books, three differences in the description of the 19 Mechanisms of Disease were discovered: 1) The upper and lower locations of dyspnea (喘症) are reversed. 2) The ratio of provisions for "fire (火)" and "cold (寒)" is different. 3) The organ affiliation for pain is different. Conclusion: 1) The upper and lower locations of dyspnea (喘症) are reversed. : Regarding external contraction dyspnea (外感喘), Yixuexinwu used the disease of the upper location (lung 上, 肺) in the same way as in Huangdi Neijing. In terms of internal damage (內傷喘), it was separately classified as a disease of the lower location (kidney 下, 腎). 2) The ratio of provisions for "fire (火)" and "cold (寒)" is different. : Arithmetically, if you round off the number after calculating the fraction, the difference between the two ratios becomes the same. Theoretically, five provisions of "fire" are replaced by four provisions of "heat (熱)", and the difference in ratios is exactly the same. Empirically, it emphasizes that there are more illnesses from fire and heat than from cold. 3) The organ affiliation for pain is different. : Huangdi Neijing described general inflammatory pain, while the Yixuexinwu described only stress-related abdominal pain (肝木乘脾 腹痛).

• The Journal of the Korean Society for Microbiology
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• v.34 no.5
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• pp.445-452
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• 1999

Eight strains of multidrug-resistant (MDR) Salmonella typhi were isolated from Kyonggi area during January-February, 1997. They were resistant to ampicillin, amoxicillin, carbenicillin, tetracycline, chloramphenicol, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, trimethoprim. Eight strains had one plasmid respectively which size was approximately M.W 220 kb and showed same restriction pattern by endonuclease HindIII. The plasmid was similar to the plasmid in size that was related to multidrug resistant S. typhi isolated from southeast Asia. It were transferred by conjugation to recipient E. coli K-12 in frequency of $2.43{\times}10^4-1.73{\times}10^{-2}$ and transconjugant showed same drug-resistant pattern with donor cells. All of 8 strains produced ${\beta}$-lactamase that was assummed to TEM-l type by isoelectric focusing and PCR.