• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.767-775
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• 2005

This study was carried out to investigate the preventive effect of Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix, Rhei Rhizoma and Carthami Flos combined with Samgijiwhang-Tang(SJTSRC) on streptozotocin(STZ)-induced diabetic nephropathy. Rats were divided into a control group of rats with STZ-induced diabetic nephropathy, a sample group of those given SJTSRC, and a normal group. In the experiment diabetic nephropathy was induced by giving STZ(60mg/kg) to rats via the peritoneum, and effects were assessed with measures of serum creatinine, serum BUN, secretion content of albumin and glucose content of urine, malondialdehyde(MDA) and glutathione(GSH) content in cortex of kidney. When STZ was injected into sample rat, the value of creatinine and BUN increased validly and STZ did damage to the kidney. When applying SJTSRC to sample rats, the value of serum creatinine decreased validly but the value of serum BUN decreased invalidity. It was confirmed that SJTSRC had an effect on recovery after kidney damage and secretion content of albumin increasedafter administration of SJTSRC but there was no change in glucose content of urine compared with the control group. The decrease of secretion of albumin after injection of STZ was taken to mean progressive diabetic nephropathy, and that reversal of that trend after SJTSRC administration showed that kidney function had improved, not through decreasing blood sugar, but through other factors. Results suggest that diabetic nephropathy was induced by STZ, and SJTSRC was effective in restricting the extent of damage to the kidney and halting the progression of diabetic nephropathy with improvement in levels of serum creatinine and albumin secretion. More study is needed, particularity pertaining to anti-oxidative effects in the kidney cortex.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.23-28
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• 1995

The effect of the ethanol extract from salviae miltiorrhizae radix (Salvia miltiorrhiza) on the microbial growht and the stability of the extracted antimicrobial material were investigated. The ethanol extract had strong growth inhibition activity (MIC, 3.13~50.0 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml) against Gram-positive bacteria such as B. subtilis, L. monocytogenes and S. aureus. Among Gram-positive bacteria tested, B. subtilis was the most susceptible to the extracted substance. While the antimicrobial activity of the ethanol extract was weak (MIC, 400~800 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml) to E. coli and yeasts (C. albicans, Sacch. diastaticus). The ethanol extract had bactericidal action at higher concentration than MIC against B. subtilis, while the extract had only bacteriostatic action against S. aureus. The extracted antimicrobial substance was stable in the pH range of 4.0 to 10.0, heat treatment at 121$^{\circ}C$ for 15 min, and freezing and thawing

• Journal of Haehwa Medicine
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.59-65
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• 2008

Objective: The purpose of this study is to find out Herbal medicine effective to the hypertensive patients. Methods: The present study was done over 42 chinese papers about hypertension from 2000 to 2006. We calculated frequency of the herbs used to treatment for hypertension. Result & Conclusion: 1. In 42 herbal medicines, Gamibanhabaekchulcheonmatang and Gamitaeksatang showed high frequency. 2. In 125 herbs, RADIX SALVIAE MILTIORRHIZAE(丹蔘) showed highest frequency. And RAMULUS ETUNCUS UNCARIAE(釣鉤藤), RADIX ACHYRANTHIS BIDENTATAE(牛膝), RADIX PAEONIAE ALBA(白芍藥), RHIZOMA ALISMATIS(澤瀉), RHIZOMA CNIDII(川芎), PORIA(白茯苓), RHIZOMA GASTRODIAE(天麻), SPICA PRUNELLAE(夏枯草), CONCHA HALIOTIDIS(石決明) showed high frequency.

• Journal of Korean Medicine for Obesity Research
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.59-68
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• 2021

Objectives: We investigated the effects of Clean-DM4 (C-DM4), a polyherbal extract consisting of Coptidis Rhizoma, Salviae Miltiorrhiza Radix, and Cinnamomi Cortex on high fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity and diabetes in mice. Methods: The C57BL/6 mice (6 weeks) were fed a HFD for 8 weeks and then administrated with C-DM4 extract at 500 mg/kg (p.o.) once daily for 4 weeks. The changes of body weights, calorie intakes, and fasting blood glucose (FBG) levels were measured in mice. The serum levels of glucose, insulin, total cholesterol, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) were measured in mice by enzyme-based assay. It was also observed the histological changes of pancreas, liver, and fat tissues with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining. Results: The increase of calorie intakes and FBG levels in HFD-induced obesity mice was significantly decreased by oral administration of C-DM4 extract. C-DM4 extract administration was significantly reduced the increased levels of glucose, insulin, total cholesterol, AST, and ALT in obesity mice. In addition, C-DM4 extract inhibited lipid droplet accumulation in liver tissues of obesity mice, hyperplasia of pancreatic islets, and enlargement of adipocytes in adipose tissues. Conclusions: Our study indicates that C-DM4 extract could help improve obesity and to prevent diabetes progression.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.254-261
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• 2005

The effects on memory and learning ability of the Korean herbal medicine, Xingyo-tang(XGT, 神交湯), which consists of Ginseng Radix(人蔘) 4 g, Liriopis Tuber(麥門冬) 40 g, Morindae Officinalis Radix(巴戟天) 40 g, Biotae Semen(柏子仁) 20 g, Dioscoreae Rhizoma(山藥) 40 g, Euryales Semen(?實) 20 g, Scrophulariae Radix(玄蔘) 40 g, Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix(丹蔘) 12 g, Poria(茯神) 12 g, Cuscutae Semen(免絲子) 40 g, was investigated. The effects of XGT on learning and memory performance were examined in normal or memory impaired mice by using avoidance tests, Pentobarbital -induced sleep test, fear conditioning task, novel object recognition task, and water maze task. Hot water extract from XGT was used for the studies. Learning ability and memory are based on modifications of synaptic strength among neurons that are simultaneously active. Enhanced synaptic coincidence detection leads to better learning and memory. The XGT-treated (30 mg/100 g and 60 mg/100 g, p.o.) mice exhibit superior ability in learning and memorizing when performing various behavioral tasks. XGT did not affect the passive avoidance responses of normal mice in the step through and step down tests, the conditioned and unconditioned avoidance responses of normal mice in the shuttle box, lever press performance tests, and the ambulatory activity of normal mice in normal condition. In contrast, XGT produced ameliorating effects on the memory retrieval impairment induced by ethanol. XGT also improved the memory consolidation disability induced by electric convulsive shock (ECS). XGT extended the sleeping time induced by pentobarbital dose-dependently, suggesting its transquilizing or antianxiety action. These results suggest that XGT has an improving effect on the impaired learning through the effects on memory registration and retrieval.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.1138-1142
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• 2002

Dansamchunghyul-tang(丹參淸血湯) is a new formula consist of Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix and some oriental herbs to treatment of hyperlipidemia. In this study, we investigated the effects of the water extract of Dansamchunghyul-tang(DCT) on hyperlipidemia of the rat. We here studied the influence of DCT on hyperlipidemia in Sprague-Dawley rats. The hyperlipidemia was induced by Triton WR-1339 (tyloxapol) intravenous injection at 200mg/kg body weight. After 18 h, blood was collected for the determination of plasma total cholesterol, triglyceride, phospholipid, HDL-cholesterol, and LDL-cholesterol concentrations. In the model of hyperlipidemia induced by triton WR-1339 in rats, DCT showed decreasing effects on total cholesterol, triglyceride, phospholipid level significantly, in a dose-dependent fashion. DCT showed dose-dependent effects on HDL-cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol level insignificantly. In conclusion, DCT showed significant effects on hyperlipidemia, and the present findings indicate that DCT may prove potentially useful for treatment of hyperlipidemia.

• The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.30-43
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• 2018

Objectives The purpose of this study is to analyze the clinical research literature of TCM (traditional Chinese medicine) which is applicable to pediatric fracture and to broaden the field about clinical application of Korean medicine treatment for pediatric fracture. Methods We searched randomized controlled trials about TCM treatment of pediatric fracture from the CNKI (China National Knowledge Infrastructure) January 2013 to December 2017. We searched the literature and analyzed the treatment methods and the results. Results 31 papers were selected from 63 studies. In most studies, the total effective rate of the treatment group was significantly higher than that of the control group, and the bone healing time of the treatment group was significantly lower than that of the control group. Methods of herb treatment include internal medicine (IM), fumigation (FG) and external application (EA). The most commonly used herb medicine were Angelicae Gigantis Radix (當歸), Carthami Flos (紅花), Drynaria Fortunei (骨碎補), Paeonia Lactiflora Pallas (芍藥), Persicae Semen (桃仁), Lycopodii Herba (伸筋草), Ligusticum Chuanxiong Hort (川芎), Olibanum (乳香), Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix (丹蔘), and Panax Noto Ginseng (三七). Conclusions The use of herb medicine in pediatric fractures has resulted in faster and more effective restoration of fracture union than the Western medical therapy alone. Based on the results of this study, it is possible to widen the scope of Korean medicine if additional clinical studies on pediatric fracture were conducted.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.38-57
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• 2019

Objective: This study reviewed recent clinical research trends regarding the effects of herbal medicine treatment containing diuretic herbs on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in China. Methods: We reviewed clinical studies on NAFLD from the China Academic Journal of the China National Knowledge Infrastructure from January 1, 2016, to September 10, 2018. Results: Thirty-nine papers from 86 studies were reviewed. The most commonly used herbal prescriptions included Alismatis Rhizoma(澤瀉), Salviae miltiorrhizae Radix (丹蔘), Crataegii Fructus (山査), Polia Sclerotium (茯?), Bupleuri Radix (柴胡), and Cassiae Semen (決明子). The treatment effective rate, liver function test, serum lipid test, radiological examination, and symptom comparisons were used to analyze the treatments. In 32 of the papers, the effective treatment rate was 76.9%-100%, and the effectiveness in the experimental group was significantly higher than that in the control group (p<0.05). The risk ratio for the treatment effective rate was 1.26. The mean difference of ALT was -13.44 U/L (95% confidential interval, -24.45 U/L, -2.44 U/L, p=0.0166). Conclusion: Herbal medicine containing diuretic herbs has been demonstrated to be an effective and useful treatment for NAFLD. Clinical studies that are more scientific and systematic should be actively conducted in the future, and the results of the current study could be used as basic data in future clinical studies on herbal medicine treatment for NAFLD.

• Herbal Formula Science
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.19-31
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• 2021

Objectives : The root of Salvia miltiorrhiza, known as 'Dansam (DS, 丹參)', is used for and treating cardiovascular diseases based on its efficacy of promoting blood circulation and breaking through a blood stasis. In this study, we would like to see if DS could be effectively used for stroke from the perspective of network pharmacology. Methods : The analysis was conducted using Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform (TCMSP) database to derive the main active compounds of DS and identify the mechanism of each compound acting on the human body. The networks between compounds, target protein and disease were expressed through Cytoscape. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) analysis was performed using STRING database. Results : Fifty two active compounds of DS were identified by screening the ingredients of DS through TCMSP. Based on the networks of these compounds with target protein and disease, it can be said that DS might be effective for preventing and treating stroke. PPI result showed that adrenergic receptor has many interactions among proteins, indicating its significance in stroke pathway. Conclusion : In this study, we derived target proteins and target diseases of DS that could be used in study of stroke. However, since it is uncertain if these targets can be controlled by DS extracts or not, we would like to confirm the results with further animal experiments.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.26 no.2 s.62
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• pp.95-104
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• 2005

Objectives: This was a double blinded, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical study for evaluation of safety and effective dose finding of Cardiotonic Pills$^{(R)}$ in patients with chest pain and discomfort. Cardiotonic Pills$^{(R)}$ are composed of Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix (丹蔘), Notoginseng Radix (三七根) and Borneolum (龍腦). Major effects of Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix and Notoginseng Radix are vasodilatation, sedation and analgesic action. Borneolum has an antibacterial effect, and can stimulate the central nervous system. All of these substances are oriental herbs that have been used for a long time in east Asia. Cardiotonic Pills fi received Investigational New Drug (IND) approval from the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in the USA and 40 million people in the world take this pill. We performed a phase IV clinical study to confirm its efficacy and safety in patients who have probable cardiogenic or psychogenic chest pain or chest stifling. Methods: This study was planned for a multi-center clinical trial including four university hospitals of oriental medicine in Korea. This was the first time to evaluate the 'planning treatment according to diagnosis (辨證施治)' of chest pain or chest discomfort according to oriental medical guidelines. The patients who were included in this trial were adult volunteers from 20 to 70 years old who had chest pain or chest discomfort more than twice during a recent month, and we received written consent to participate in this study from all of them. After administration of Cardiotonic Pills$^{(R)}$ for 8 weeks, number of occurrences, duration, appearance and degree of chest pain or chest discomfort was observed and degree of symptoms (severity of illness, global improvement) were measured using a patient's global assessment composite scale. Results: In the patient's global assessment scale, the severity of illness of the Cardiotonic Pills$^{(R)}$ group (n=25) was 14/25=0.56 but of the placebo group (n=25) was 7/25=0.28 (p-value=0.0449). This result indicates Cardiotonic Pills$^{(R)}$have a positive effect on the symptoms of chest pain and discomfort. However, the global improvement of the Cardiotonic Pills$^{(R)}$group was 23/25=0.92, and of the placebo group was 22/25=0.88 (p-value=0.6374). The total symptom score of the Cardiotonic Pills$^{(R)}$ group was $1.68\pm20.06$, and of the placebo group was $16.76\pm72.l4$(p-value=0.2285). The number of symptom events of the Cardiotonic Pills$^{(R)}$ group was $72\pm29.78$, and of the placebo group (n=25) was $10.80\pm38.42$ (p­value=0.3660). We could not find any effects on the other factors examined besides the severity of illness, beyond the difference of standard deviations. Conclusions: Cardiotonic Pills$^{(R)}$ significantly reduced chest pain and chest discomfort in patients. Therefore, we expect that Cardiotonic Pills$^{(R)}$ will be helpful for patients with chest pain and chest discomfort not only caused by heart disease but also by other diseases.